Are you still designing web sites like it's 1999? If so, you're in for a surprise. Since the last edition of this book appeared five years ago, there has been a major climate change with regard to web standards. Designers are no longer using (X)HTML as a design tool, but as a means of defining the meaning and structure of content. Cascading Style Sheets are no longer just something interesting to tinker with, but rather a reliable method for handling all matters of presentation, from fonts and colors to the layout of the entire page. In fact, following the standards is now a mandate of…mehr
Are you still designing web sites like it's 1999? If so, you're in for a surprise. Since the last edition of this book appeared five years ago, there has been a major climate change with regard to web standards. Designers are no longer using (X)HTML as a design tool, but as a means of defining the meaning and structure of content. Cascading Style Sheets are no longer just something interesting to tinker with, but rather a reliable method for handling all matters of presentation, from fonts and colors to the layout of the entire page. In fact, following the standards is now a mandate of professional web design. Our popular reference, Web Design in a Nutshell, is one of the first books to capture this new web landscape with an edition that's been completely rewritten and expanded to reflect the state of the art. In addition to being an authoritative reference for (X)HTML and Cascading Style Sheets, this book also provides an overview of the unique requirements of designing for the Web and gets to the nitty-gritty of JavaScript and DOM Scripting, web graphics optimization, and multimedia production. It is an indispensable tool for web designers and developers of all levels. The third edition covers these contemporary web design topics: * Structural layer: HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.0 (9 chapters), including an alphabetical reference of all elements, attributes and character entities * Presentation layer: Ten all-new chapters on Cascading Style Sheets, Level 2.1, including an alphabetical reference of all properties and values. * Behavior layer: JavaScript and scripting with the Document Object Model (DOM) * Web environment: New web standards, browsers, display devices, accessibility, and internationalization * Web graphics optimization: Producing lean and mean GIF, JPEG, PNG, and animated GIFs * Multimedia: Web audio, video, Flash, and PDF Organized so that readers can find answers quickly, Web Design in a Nutshell, Third Edition helps experienced designers come up to speed quickly on standards-based web design, and serves as a quick reference for those already familiar with the new standards and technology. There are many books for web designers, but none that address such a wide variety of topics. Find out why nearly half a million buyers have made this the most popular web design book available.Hinweis: Dieser Artikel kann nur an eine deutsche Lieferadresse ausgeliefert werden.
Jennifer Niederst Robbins was one of the first designers for the Web. As the designer of O'Reilly's Global Network Navigator (GNN), the first commercial web site, she has been designing for the Web since 1993. Since then, she has worked as the creative director of Songline Studios (a former subsidiary of O'Reilly) and as a freelance designer and consultant since 1996. She is the author of the bestselling "Web Design in a Nutshell" and "Learning Web Design (O'Reilly), and she has taught web design at the Massachusetts College of Art in Boston and Johnson and Wales University in Providence. She has spoken at major design and Internet events including SXSW Interactive, Seybold Seminars, the GRAFILL conference (Geilo, Norway), and one of the first W3C International Expos. In addition to designing, Jennifer enjoys cooking, travel, indie-rock, and making stuff. She maintains her own professional web site at http://www.littlechair.com as well.
Inhaltsangabe
Foreword Contributors Technical Reviewers Lead Technical Editors Technical Reviewers Preface What's in the Book Using Code Examples Conventions Used in This Book CSS Property Conventions How to Contact Us Safari® Enabled Acknowledgments Part I: The Web Environment Chapter 1: Web Standards 1.1 What Are Standards? 1.2 Current Web Standards 1.3 Standards-Driven Design 1.4 For Further Reading Chapter 2: Designing for a Variety of Browsers 2.1 Browser History 2.2 Browser Roll-Call 2.3 Gathering Usage Statistics 2.4 Learning from Browser Statistics 2.5 Dealing with Browser Differences 2.6 Know Your Audience 2.7 Test! Chapter 3: Designing for a Variety of Displays 3.1 Designing for Unknown Monitor Resolutions 3.2 Fixed Versus Liquid Web Pages 3.3 Designing "Above the Fold" 3.4 Mobile Devices Chapter 4: A Beginner's Guide to the Server 4.1 Servers 101 4.2 Unix Directory Structures 4.3 File Naming Conventions 4.4 Uploading Documents (FTP) 4.5 File (MIME) Types Chapter 5: Accessibility 5.1 Types of Disabilities 5.2 Overview of Assistive Technology 5.3 Who Is Responsible for Accessibility? 5.4 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 5.5 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0) 5.6 Standards Variations and Section 508 5.7 Web Accessibility Techniques 5.8 Testing for Accessibility Chapter 6: Internationalization 6.1 Character Sets and Encoding 6.2 Character References 6.3 Language Features 6.4 Style Sheets Language Features 6.5 For Further Reading Part II: The Structural Layer: XML and (X)HTML Chapter 7: Introduction to XML 7.1 XML Basics 7.2 How It Works 7.3 XML Document Syntax 7.4 Well-Formed XML 7.5 Document Type Definition (DTD) 7.6 XML Namespaces 7.7 XML on the Web 7.8 Web-Related XML Applications 7.9 Where to Learn More Chapter 8: HTML and XHTML Overview 8.1 The Role of HTML 8.2 Markup Basics 8.3 Introduction to XHTML 8.4 Which Standard Is Right for You? 8.5 Well-Formed XHTML 8.6 Web Authoring Tools 8.7 Good Authoring Practices Chapter 9: Document Structure 9.1 Minimal Document Structure 9.2 Document Type Declaration 9.3 The Root Element 9.4 The Document Header 9.5 The Document Body Chapter 10: Text Elements 10.1 Choosing Text Elements 10.2 The Building Blocks of Content 10.3 Inline Elements 10.4 Deleted and Inserted Text 10.5 Generic Elements (div and span) 10.6 Lists 10.7 Presentational Elements 10.8 Character Entity References Chapter 11: Creating Links 11.1 Simple Hypertext Links 11.2 Linking Within a Document 11.3 Targeting Windows 11.4 Alternative Protocols 11.5 Linking Documents with link Chapter 12: Images and Objects 12.1 Inline Images 12.2 Image Maps 12.3 Embedded Media 12.4 Java Applets 12.5 Inline (Floating) Frames Chapter 13: Tables 13.1 Table Uses 13.2 Basic Table Structure 13.3 Row Groups 13.4 Columns and Column Groups 13.5 Table Presentation 13.6 Accessible Tables 13.7 Responsible Layout Tables Chapter 14: Frames 14.1 Introduction to Frames 14.2 Basic Frameset Structure 14.3 Frame Function and Appearance 14.4 Targeting Frames 14.5 Frame Design Tips and Tricks Chapter 15: Forms 15.1 The Basic Form Element 15.2 Form Controls 15.3 Accessibility Features 15.4 disabled and readonly 15.5 Affecting Form Appearance Part III: The Presentation Layer: Cascading Style Sheets Chapter 16: Cascading Style Sheets Fundamentals 16.1 CSS in a Nutshell 16.2 The Benefits of CSS 16.3 How CSS Works 16.4 Rule Syntax 16.5 Adding Styles to a Document 16.6 Key Concepts 16.7 Specifying Values 16.8 Browser Support 16.9 For Further Reading Chapter 17: Selectors 17.1 Type (Element) Selector 17.2 Contextual Selectors 17.3 Class and ID Selectors 17.4 Attribute Selectors 17.5 Pseudoselectors Chapter 18: Font and Text Properties 18.1 Typography on the Web 18.2 Font Family 18.3 Font Size 18.4 Other Font Settings 18.5 Text Transformation (Capitalization) 18.6 Text Decoration 18.7 Line Height 18.8 Text Alignment Properties 18.9 Text Spacing 18.10 Text Direction Chapter 19: Basic Box Properties 19.1 The Box Model, Revisited 19.2 Width and Height 19.3 Margins 19.4 Borders 19.5 Padding Chapter 20: Color and Backgrounds 20.1 Foreground Color 20.2 Background Color 20.3 Background Images Chapter 21: Floating and Positioning 21.1 Normal Flow 21.2 Floating 21.3 Positioning Basics 21.4 Absolute Positioning 21.5 Fixed Positioning 21.6 Relative Positioning Chapter 22: CSS for Tables 22.1 The Essence of Tables 22.2 Styling Tables 22.3 Borders 22.4 Table Layout (Width and Height) 22.5 Table Display Values Chapter 23: Lists and Generated Content 23.1 CSS for Lists 23.2 Generated Content Chapter 24: CSS Techniques 24.1 Centering a Page 24.2 Two-Column Layouts 24.3 Three-Column Layouts 24.4 Boxes with Rounded Corners 24.5 Image Replacement 24.6 CSS Rollovers 24.7 List-Based Navigation Bars 24.8 CSS Techniques Resources Chapter 25: Managing Browser Bugs: Workarounds, Hacks, and Filters 25.1 Working with "Troubled" Browsers 25.2 The Browsers 25.3 Hack and Workaround Management 101 Part IV: The Behavioral Layer: JavaScript and the DOM Chapter 26: Introduction to JavaScript 26.1 A Little Background 26.2 Using JavaScript 26.3 JavaScript Syntax 26.4 Event Handling 26.5 The Browser Object 26.6 Where to Learn More Chapter 27: DOM Scripting 27.1 A Sordid Past 27.2 Out of the Dark Ages 27.3 The DOM 27.4 Manipulating Documents with the DOM 27.5 Working with Style 27.6 DOM Scripting in Action 27.7 Supplement: Getting Started with Ajax Part V: Web Graphics Chapter 28: Web Graphics Overview 28.1 Web Graphic File Formats 28.2 Image Resolution 28.3 Color on the Web 28.4 Web Graphics Production Tips Chapter 29: GIF Format 29.1 8-Bit Indexed Color 29.2 LZW Compression 29.3 Interlacing 29.4 Transparency 29.5 Minimizing GIF File Sizes 29.6 Designing GIFs with the Web Palette Chapter 30: JPEG Format 30.1 24-Bit Color 30.2 JPEG Compression 30.3 Progressive JPEGs 30.4 Creating JPEGs 30.5 Minimizing JPEG File Size Chapter 31: PNG Format 31.1 When to Use PNGs 31.2 PNG Features 31.3 Platform/Browser Support 31.4 Creating PNG Files 31.5 PNG Optimization Strategies 31.6 For Further Reading Chapter 32: Animated GIFs 32.1 How They Work 32.2 Using Animated GIFs 32.3 Tools 32.4 Creating Animated GIFs 32.5 Optimizing Animated GIFs Part VI: Media Chapter 33: Audio on the Web 33.1 Basic Digital Audio Concepts 33.2 Using Existing Audio 33.3 Preparing Your Own Audio 33.4 Streaming Audio 33.5 Audio Formats 33.6 Choosing an Audio Format 33.7 Adding Audio to a Web Page Chapter 34: Video on the Web 34.1 Basic Digital Video Concepts 34.2 Compression 34.3 Video File Formats 34.4 Adding Video to an HTML Document Chapter 35: The Flash Platform 35.1 Using Flash on Web Pages 35.2 Creating Flash Movies 35.3 ActionScript 35.4 Adding Flash to a Web Page 35.5 Integrating Flash with Other Technologies 35.6 The Flash Player 35.7 Flash Resources Chapter 36: Printing from the Web 36.1 Browser Print Mechanisms 36.2 Cascading Style Sheets for Print 36.3 Portable Document Format (PDF) 36.4 Flash Printing Part VII: Appendixes Appendix A: HTML Elements and Attributes A.1 Common Attributes and Events Appendix B: CSS 2.1 Properties B.1 Visual Media B.2 Paged Media B.3 Aural Styles Appendix C: Character Entities C.1 ASCII Character Set C.2 Nonstandard Entities (,-Y) C.3 Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) C.4 Latin Extended-A C.5 Latin Extended-B C.6 Spacing Modifier Letters C.7 Greek C.8 General Punctuation C.9 Letter-like Symbols C.10 Arrows C.11 Mathematical Operators C.12 Miscellaneous Technical Symbols C.13 Geometric Shapes C.14 Miscellaneous Symbols Appendix D: Specifying Color D.1 Specifying Color by RGB Values D.2 Specifying Colors by Name Appendix E: Microformats: Extending (X)HTML E.1 Extending HTML 4 and XHTML E.2 Semantic Class Names E.3 Link Relationships E.4 More Microformats Glossary Colophon
Foreword Contributors Technical Reviewers Lead Technical Editors Technical Reviewers Preface What's in the Book Using Code Examples Conventions Used in This Book CSS Property Conventions How to Contact Us Safari® Enabled Acknowledgments Part I: The Web Environment Chapter 1: Web Standards 1.1 What Are Standards? 1.2 Current Web Standards 1.3 Standards-Driven Design 1.4 For Further Reading Chapter 2: Designing for a Variety of Browsers 2.1 Browser History 2.2 Browser Roll-Call 2.3 Gathering Usage Statistics 2.4 Learning from Browser Statistics 2.5 Dealing with Browser Differences 2.6 Know Your Audience 2.7 Test! Chapter 3: Designing for a Variety of Displays 3.1 Designing for Unknown Monitor Resolutions 3.2 Fixed Versus Liquid Web Pages 3.3 Designing "Above the Fold" 3.4 Mobile Devices Chapter 4: A Beginner's Guide to the Server 4.1 Servers 101 4.2 Unix Directory Structures 4.3 File Naming Conventions 4.4 Uploading Documents (FTP) 4.5 File (MIME) Types Chapter 5: Accessibility 5.1 Types of Disabilities 5.2 Overview of Assistive Technology 5.3 Who Is Responsible for Accessibility? 5.4 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 5.5 Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 (WCAG 2.0) 5.6 Standards Variations and Section 508 5.7 Web Accessibility Techniques 5.8 Testing for Accessibility Chapter 6: Internationalization 6.1 Character Sets and Encoding 6.2 Character References 6.3 Language Features 6.4 Style Sheets Language Features 6.5 For Further Reading Part II: The Structural Layer: XML and (X)HTML Chapter 7: Introduction to XML 7.1 XML Basics 7.2 How It Works 7.3 XML Document Syntax 7.4 Well-Formed XML 7.5 Document Type Definition (DTD) 7.6 XML Namespaces 7.7 XML on the Web 7.8 Web-Related XML Applications 7.9 Where to Learn More Chapter 8: HTML and XHTML Overview 8.1 The Role of HTML 8.2 Markup Basics 8.3 Introduction to XHTML 8.4 Which Standard Is Right for You? 8.5 Well-Formed XHTML 8.6 Web Authoring Tools 8.7 Good Authoring Practices Chapter 9: Document Structure 9.1 Minimal Document Structure 9.2 Document Type Declaration 9.3 The Root Element 9.4 The Document Header 9.5 The Document Body Chapter 10: Text Elements 10.1 Choosing Text Elements 10.2 The Building Blocks of Content 10.3 Inline Elements 10.4 Deleted and Inserted Text 10.5 Generic Elements (div and span) 10.6 Lists 10.7 Presentational Elements 10.8 Character Entity References Chapter 11: Creating Links 11.1 Simple Hypertext Links 11.2 Linking Within a Document 11.3 Targeting Windows 11.4 Alternative Protocols 11.5 Linking Documents with link Chapter 12: Images and Objects 12.1 Inline Images 12.2 Image Maps 12.3 Embedded Media 12.4 Java Applets 12.5 Inline (Floating) Frames Chapter 13: Tables 13.1 Table Uses 13.2 Basic Table Structure 13.3 Row Groups 13.4 Columns and Column Groups 13.5 Table Presentation 13.6 Accessible Tables 13.7 Responsible Layout Tables Chapter 14: Frames 14.1 Introduction to Frames 14.2 Basic Frameset Structure 14.3 Frame Function and Appearance 14.4 Targeting Frames 14.5 Frame Design Tips and Tricks Chapter 15: Forms 15.1 The Basic Form Element 15.2 Form Controls 15.3 Accessibility Features 15.4 disabled and readonly 15.5 Affecting Form Appearance Part III: The Presentation Layer: Cascading Style Sheets Chapter 16: Cascading Style Sheets Fundamentals 16.1 CSS in a Nutshell 16.2 The Benefits of CSS 16.3 How CSS Works 16.4 Rule Syntax 16.5 Adding Styles to a Document 16.6 Key Concepts 16.7 Specifying Values 16.8 Browser Support 16.9 For Further Reading Chapter 17: Selectors 17.1 Type (Element) Selector 17.2 Contextual Selectors 17.3 Class and ID Selectors 17.4 Attribute Selectors 17.5 Pseudoselectors Chapter 18: Font and Text Properties 18.1 Typography on the Web 18.2 Font Family 18.3 Font Size 18.4 Other Font Settings 18.5 Text Transformation (Capitalization) 18.6 Text Decoration 18.7 Line Height 18.8 Text Alignment Properties 18.9 Text Spacing 18.10 Text Direction Chapter 19: Basic Box Properties 19.1 The Box Model, Revisited 19.2 Width and Height 19.3 Margins 19.4 Borders 19.5 Padding Chapter 20: Color and Backgrounds 20.1 Foreground Color 20.2 Background Color 20.3 Background Images Chapter 21: Floating and Positioning 21.1 Normal Flow 21.2 Floating 21.3 Positioning Basics 21.4 Absolute Positioning 21.5 Fixed Positioning 21.6 Relative Positioning Chapter 22: CSS for Tables 22.1 The Essence of Tables 22.2 Styling Tables 22.3 Borders 22.4 Table Layout (Width and Height) 22.5 Table Display Values Chapter 23: Lists and Generated Content 23.1 CSS for Lists 23.2 Generated Content Chapter 24: CSS Techniques 24.1 Centering a Page 24.2 Two-Column Layouts 24.3 Three-Column Layouts 24.4 Boxes with Rounded Corners 24.5 Image Replacement 24.6 CSS Rollovers 24.7 List-Based Navigation Bars 24.8 CSS Techniques Resources Chapter 25: Managing Browser Bugs: Workarounds, Hacks, and Filters 25.1 Working with "Troubled" Browsers 25.2 The Browsers 25.3 Hack and Workaround Management 101 Part IV: The Behavioral Layer: JavaScript and the DOM Chapter 26: Introduction to JavaScript 26.1 A Little Background 26.2 Using JavaScript 26.3 JavaScript Syntax 26.4 Event Handling 26.5 The Browser Object 26.6 Where to Learn More Chapter 27: DOM Scripting 27.1 A Sordid Past 27.2 Out of the Dark Ages 27.3 The DOM 27.4 Manipulating Documents with the DOM 27.5 Working with Style 27.6 DOM Scripting in Action 27.7 Supplement: Getting Started with Ajax Part V: Web Graphics Chapter 28: Web Graphics Overview 28.1 Web Graphic File Formats 28.2 Image Resolution 28.3 Color on the Web 28.4 Web Graphics Production Tips Chapter 29: GIF Format 29.1 8-Bit Indexed Color 29.2 LZW Compression 29.3 Interlacing 29.4 Transparency 29.5 Minimizing GIF File Sizes 29.6 Designing GIFs with the Web Palette Chapter 30: JPEG Format 30.1 24-Bit Color 30.2 JPEG Compression 30.3 Progressive JPEGs 30.4 Creating JPEGs 30.5 Minimizing JPEG File Size Chapter 31: PNG Format 31.1 When to Use PNGs 31.2 PNG Features 31.3 Platform/Browser Support 31.4 Creating PNG Files 31.5 PNG Optimization Strategies 31.6 For Further Reading Chapter 32: Animated GIFs 32.1 How They Work 32.2 Using Animated GIFs 32.3 Tools 32.4 Creating Animated GIFs 32.5 Optimizing Animated GIFs Part VI: Media Chapter 33: Audio on the Web 33.1 Basic Digital Audio Concepts 33.2 Using Existing Audio 33.3 Preparing Your Own Audio 33.4 Streaming Audio 33.5 Audio Formats 33.6 Choosing an Audio Format 33.7 Adding Audio to a Web Page Chapter 34: Video on the Web 34.1 Basic Digital Video Concepts 34.2 Compression 34.3 Video File Formats 34.4 Adding Video to an HTML Document Chapter 35: The Flash Platform 35.1 Using Flash on Web Pages 35.2 Creating Flash Movies 35.3 ActionScript 35.4 Adding Flash to a Web Page 35.5 Integrating Flash with Other Technologies 35.6 The Flash Player 35.7 Flash Resources Chapter 36: Printing from the Web 36.1 Browser Print Mechanisms 36.2 Cascading Style Sheets for Print 36.3 Portable Document Format (PDF) 36.4 Flash Printing Part VII: Appendixes Appendix A: HTML Elements and Attributes A.1 Common Attributes and Events Appendix B: CSS 2.1 Properties B.1 Visual Media B.2 Paged Media B.3 Aural Styles Appendix C: Character Entities C.1 ASCII Character Set C.2 Nonstandard Entities (,-Y) C.3 Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) C.4 Latin Extended-A C.5 Latin Extended-B C.6 Spacing Modifier Letters C.7 Greek C.8 General Punctuation C.9 Letter-like Symbols C.10 Arrows C.11 Mathematical Operators C.12 Miscellaneous Technical Symbols C.13 Geometric Shapes C.14 Miscellaneous Symbols Appendix D: Specifying Color D.1 Specifying Color by RGB Values D.2 Specifying Colors by Name Appendix E: Microformats: Extending (X)HTML E.1 Extending HTML 4 and XHTML E.2 Semantic Class Names E.3 Link Relationships E.4 More Microformats Glossary Colophon
Rezensionen
"Webdesign in an Nutshell war schon immer meine Web-Bibel, mein bevorzugtes Standardwerk für Webentwicklung. Mit dieser dritten Auflage bin ich noch begeisterter, als ich es früher war [...]. Das Buch ist reifer, kompletter, interessanter als zuvor. Noch immer ist es eine beeindruckend umfangreiche Referenz. Noch mehr beeindruckt mich hingegen, wie kompakt und lesbar sie diese große Menge an Wissen transportieren kann. Ich kann dieses Buch jedem Fortgeschrittenen und erst recht jedem Profi nur wärmstens empfehlen. Es sollte bei keinem Entwickler fehlen." -- Jens Grochtdreis, April 2006
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