Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Western Marxism is a term used to describe a wide variety of Marxist theoreticians based in Western and Central Europe (and more recently North America), in contrast with philosophy in the Soviet Union. While Georg Lukács''s History and Class Consciousness and Karl Korsch''s Marxism and Philosophy , first published in 1923, are often seen as the works which inaugurated this current, the phrase itself was coined much later by Maurice Merleau-Ponty.Antonio Gramsci is also of great significance, though many of his writings were not translated into English until comparatively late. Western Marxists have commonly (but not exclusively) worked as professional academics; sociologists, political scientists, literary theorists, and so on.