This work was written as part of the MA in Art Law and Economy at the International Hellenic University. My motivation to write this essay was my sensitive in matters concerning the protection cultural heritage. The essay analyses the structure of the UNESCO organization and the World Heritage Convention and the criteria that a monument must fulfill in order to be included in the World Heritage List. In another chapter I decided to study my city Ioannina and the monuments that in my opinion should be inscribed to the World Heritage List as being of outstanding Universal Value.