Joseph R. Mitchell

World History, Volume 1: Prehistory to 1500

Herausgeber: Mitchell, Helen Buss

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

The Annual Editions series is designed to provide convenient, inexpensive access to a wide range of current articles from some of the most respected magazines, newspapers, and journals published today. Annual Editions are updated on a regular basis through a continuous monitoring of over 300 periodical sources. The articles selected are authored by prominent scholars, researchers, and commentators writing for a general audience. The Annual Editions volumes have a number of common organizational features designed to make them particularly useful in the classroom: a general introduction; an annotated table of contents; a topic guide; an annotated listing of selected World Wide Web sites; and a brief overview for each section. Each volume also offers an online Instructor's Resource Guide with testing materials. Using Annual Editions in the Classroom is a general guide that provides a number of interesting and functional ideas for using Annual Editions readers in the classroom. Visit www.mhhe.com/annualeditions for more details.

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Produktdetails

• Annual Editions: World History
• Verlag: Dushkin Publishing
• Seitenzahl: 181
• Erscheinungstermin: März 2011
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 272mm x 208mm x 13mm
• Gewicht: 376g
• ISBN-13: 9780078050879
• ISBN-10: 0078050871
• Artikelnr.: 32728215

Inhaltsangabe

Annual Editions: World History, Volume I
Preface
Correlation Guide
Topic Guide
Internet References
UNIT 1: Natural History and the Spread of Humankind
Unit Overview
1. Gone but Not Forgotten, Richard Monastersky, The Chronicle of Higher
Education, December 1, 2006
A recent advertising campaign and an ill-fated television sit-com have
brought cavemen to a wider audience. Recently, geneticists, using DNA
samples from Neanderthals, have concluded that their relationship with
Homo sapiens was much closer than originally thought. Will the
Neanderthal cavemen finally get the respect they deserve?
2. Out of Africa, Spencer Wells, Vanity Fair, July 2007
By examining human genomes, obtained through DNA samples, scientists
have learned that all of us can trace our existence back to Africa.
Since that continent's peoples saved humankind from extinction, do we
not have an obligation to assist Africans in their time of need?
3. First Americans, Karen Wright, Discover, February 1999
It was long thought that the first humans in the New World crossed the
Bering Strait at the end of the Ice Age, but recent archaeological
evidence seems to indicate that none of this may be true. Scientists
continue to search for clues pertaining to who the earliest Americans
were and how and when they arrived.
4. Stone Age India, Samir S. Patel, Archaeology, January/February 2010
Most of the information about evolution and migration during the
Paleolithic Era has concentrated on Africa, Europe, and the eastern
Mediterranean area. However, in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, the
remains of a 74,000 year old civilization that was buried by a volcanic
eruption may force scientists to rewrite India's prehistory.
5. Kelp Highways, Heather Pringle, Discover, June 2008
Conventional wisdom taught that early human migrations occurred only
across now vanished land bridges. However, recent evidence has raised
the possibility that Ice Age mariners may have played a significant
role in the colonization of the globe.
UNIT 2: The Beginnings of Culture, Agriculture, and Cities
Unit Overview
6. Who Were the Hurrians?, Andrew Lawler, Archaeology, July/August 2008
The Hurrians have been historically dismissed as a marginal tribe from
north of Mesopotamia. Recent archaeological evidence claims that they
may have played a key role in shaping Mesopotamia's first cities,
empires, and states.
7. Dawn of the City: Excavations Prompt a Revolution in Thinking about
the Earliest Cities, Bruce Bower, Science News, February 9, 2008
The excavation of Tell Brak in northern Syria has cast new light on the
history of urban development in ancient Mesopotamia. It also provides
an interesting case study involving the rise and fall of Tell Brak,
including the reasons for both.
8. The Dawn of Art, Andrew Curry, Archaeology, September/October 2007
Swabia today is a German region that many consider a center for
creativity and innovation. The recent discovery of artifacts from as
far back as 40,000 years ago provides a possible connection between
present-day conditions and Swabia's advanced ancient past.
9. Prehistory of Warfare, Steven A. LeBlanc, Archaeology, May/June 2003
According to Steven LeBlanc, humans have been at each others' throats
since the prehistoric era. This predilection for organized violence has
been largely ignored by previous archaeologists, even though LeBlanc
finds evidence in every corner of the world. Wars in prehistoric
times-should we be surprised?
10. Writing Gets a Rewrite, Andrew Lawler, Science, June 29, 2001
The commonly-held belief that writing began in Mesopotamia five
thousand years ago is being challenged by researchers today. Evidence
gathered in recent years indicates that it may have developed
simultaneously in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Indus River Valley. But
the findings, while promising, are not conclusive enough to make a case
for that theory. Perhaps future discoveries will shed new light on this
important question.
11. How to Build a Pyramid, Bob Brier, Archaeology, May/June 2007
The size and scope of Egypt's pyramids has attracted the attention of
scholars who both marveled at and mused about their creation and,
especially, how this was accomplished. Recently, a theory which argued
for the presence of an internal ramp made a seemingly impossible
construction seem possible.
UNIT 3: The Early Civilizations to 500 B.C.E.
Unit Overview
12. Multiculturalism in History: India, the Multicultural Paradigm,
Stanley Wolpert, Orbis, Fall 1999
Tracking Indian multiculturalism back to its historical roots, the
author surveys India's major periods of growth and development. He
laments India's tragic and violent present, caused primarily by
religious and ethnic intolerance, and argues that education is the key
to solving this gravest of India's current problems.
13. Uncovering Ancient Thailand, Tom Gidwitz, Archaeology, July/August
2006
Charles Higham has spent forty years exploring and uncovering the
archaeology of Southeast Asia. From his work emerge artifacts and
fossils, which transform our understanding of this once-neglected part
of prehistory.
14. Black Pharaohs, Robert Draper, National Geographic, February 2008
The influence of Black Africa on Egyptian civilization has been a
contentious point of debate among archaeologists and historians. What
cannot be disputed is that during Egypt's 25th Dynasty, black forces
from Nubia conquered Egypt, resulting in a series of Black Pharaohs who
ruled Egypt throughout this period. The most noted of these was
Taharqa, who was sufficiently noteworthy to merit a mention in the
Hebrew Bible.
15. The Gold of Kush, Geoff Emberling, Archaeology, November/December
2009
The Kingdom of Kush, located south of Egypt, was both a friend and
enemy of its more powerful neighbor before it declined and disappeared
from history. Archaeological discoveries revived its historical
significance, but the building of the Merowe Dam in Sudan has finally
destroyed "the remains of a great kingdom."
16. Messages from the Dead, Marco Merola, Archaeology, January/February
2007
Qatna was a Bronze Age Syrian city-state which was conquered and
destroyed by the warlike Hittites. A collection of newly-discovered
tablets chronicles the city's rise and fall, a testimony to the
bellicose nature of Mesopotamian existence.
17. China's First Empire, Michael Loewe, History Today, September 2007
Created at the end of China's Warring States period, the Qin Dynasty
established China's Empire. Led by its first Emperor, Shi Huangdi, the
empire defined how China would be run for more than 2000 years.
18. Beyond the Family Feud, Andrew Lawler, Archaeology, March/April
2007
A recent debate among Mesoamerindian scholars concerns the role of the
Olmec civilization whose people were once referred to as "the Sumerians
of the New World." Were the Olmecs the progenitors of Maya and Aztec
civilizations, or were they one among many people who contributed to
the later civilizations?
UNIT 4: The Later Civilizations to 500 C.E.
Unit Overview
19. Unlocking Mysteries of the Parthenon, Evan Hadingham, Smithsonian,
February 2008
The Parthenon, a temple built to honor the Goddess Athena 2,500 years
ago, has endured earthquakes, fires, explosions, and lootings
throughout its history. A restoration project that is painstakingly
recreating the ancient wonder is also "yielding new insights" into the
astonishing feats of its master builders.
20. Alexander the Great: Hunting for a New Past?, Paul Cartledge,
History Today, July 2004
Alexander the Great has become an almost mythical figure who ins pired
poets, painters, sculptors, writers, and historians to make him the
subject of their works. Considered by many to be a god while alive, he
continues to inspire today. Who was the real Alexander, and what was
responsible for his greatness?
21. Sudden Death: Gladiators Were Sport's First Superstars, Providing
Thrills, Chills and Occasional Kills, Franz Lidz, Sports Illustrated,
February 15, 2001
Gladiatorial games, once a staple of Roman popular culture, have been
resurrected today in various forms of extreme fighting. While not
"murder as public sport," they remain reminders of how barbaric the
Roman practice was, and what its existence said about Roman society.
22. Apocalypse: The Great Jewish Revolt against Rome, 66-;73 C.E., Neil
Faulkner, History Today, October 2002
From 66-73 C.E., Rome waged war against Jews who rebelled against its
rule. The final battle occurred at Masada, where the last Jewish
soldiers chose mass suicide over defeat and a lifetime of slavery. One
of Israel's most sacred places, Masada highlights "oppressed people . .
. fighting against . . . greed and war."
23. Vox Populi: Sex, Lies, and Blood Sport, Heather Pringle, Discover,
June 2006
Graffiti has become a modern art genre, but it is hardly a new
creation. In Roman times, wax tablets and plastered walls presented
places where citizens could express themselves, providing us with a
glimpse into "the ragged edges of ordinary life."
24. Woman Power in the Maya World, Chris Hardman, Americas (English
Edition), May/June 2008
The Maya city of Waka', discovered in the 1960s, has added enormously
to the history of Maya Civilization. Findings at this site included,
unexpectedly, the fossils of women, along with accompanying artifacts,
which indicated royal status. Does this discovery indicate the presence
of woman power in the Maya world?
25. Secrets of a Desert Metropolis: The Hidden Wonders of Petra's
Ancient Engineers, Evan Hadingham, Scientific American Discovering
Archaeology, September/October 2000
The Arabian Desert traders, known as Nabataeans, built at Petra in
southern Jordan an oasis city of 30,000 that had graceful temples,
shops, and an Olympic-sized pool supplied by an aqueduct. Long thought
to have withered after the Romans changed the trade routes, or to have
been deserted after devastating earthquakes, the city is now thought to
have prospered until the Islamic conquest of the 7th century A.D.
UNIT 5: The Great Religions
Unit Overview
26. Ancient Jewel, T. R. (Joe) Sundaram, The World & I, October 1996
Indian civilization is more than 6,000 years old. Its culture produced
Hinduism and Buddhism and influenced philosophical thinking. Ideas
about cycles of life and acceptance of diversity are only a part of the
Indian contribution to the world.
27. The Shrine of Islam's Tragic Divisions, Corrine Atkins, History
Today, November 2003
Islam's major division between Sunni and Shia sects splits the Muslim
world. Its historical roots can be traced to the post-Muhammad era,
when there was a dispute among members as to who would be the Prophet's
successor. True unity among Muslims cannot occur until this rift is
healed.
28. The Dome of the Rock: Jerusalem's Epicenter, Walid Khalidi, Aramco
World, September/October 1996
Jerusalem is as sacred to Muslims as it is to Jews and Christians. The
Dome of the Rock, an octagonal sanctuary covering the rock from which
Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven, dominates the skyline
of the old city. It is a point where humanity is joined to God.
29. Universal Rights and Cultural Relativism: Hinduism and Islam
Deconstructed, Catherine E. Polisi, World Affairs, Summer 2004
Human rights abuses against women are sometimes justified today on
grounds of Hindu and Islamic scriptures and teachings. However, a
careful examination of these scriptures shows that both hold women and
men in equal standing.
30. First Churches of the Jesus Cult, Andrew Lawler, Archaeology,
September/October 2007
The early Christian churches and their communities were nothing like
their contemporary successors. Small and scattered, they kept the faith
alive until public acceptance and legal status were achieved. Recent
excavations in the Holy Land are providing useful data regarding
Christianity's early years.
31. Women in Ancient Christianity: The New Discoveries, Karen L. King,
Frontline, April 6, 1998
What role did women play in the early Christian church? Was it a
subordinate one or one that reflected gender equality? Karen King cites
ancient sources that reveal women actively participating in early
Christianity-as disciples, prophets, preachers, and teachers. The
leadership roles of these early Christian women were suppressed for
centuries until the rediscovery of original source texts has allowed us
to re-enter the first centuries of Christianity.
UNIT 6: The World of the Middle Ages, 500-1500
Unit Overview
32. The Survival of the Eastern Roman Empire, Stephen Williams and
Gerard Friell, History Today, November 1998
In the 5th century C.E., the Roman Empire had become divided into two
parts: the western one centered in Rome, and the eastern one in
Constantinople. Both were subjected to barbarian attacks. The western
empire succumbed to those attacks, but the eastern empire lasted for
another thousand years.
33. Trophy Skulls and Beer: Unearthing the Source of an Andean Empire's
Power, Andrew Curry, Archaeology, January/February 2010
From 600 to 1000 C.E., the Wari Empire dominated what is today Peru in
a period known as the Middle Horizon. What caused this enigmatic state
to decline and disappear is being explored by archaeologists today.
34. The Ideal of Unity, Russell Chamberlin, History Today, November
2003
With Europe increasingly united and centrally controlled, one wonders
if there has ever been a precedent for such an ambitious endeavor as
the European Union. In the Middle Ages, there was one such attempt as
the Holy Roman Emperors attempted to unify the continent. They
ultimately failed; this selection tells why.
35. Who Were the Anasazi?, Keith Kloor, Archaeology, November/December
2009
The Anasazi were a Native American tribe that dominated northwestern
New Mexico from 500 to 1300 C.E. Sometimes referred to as Chacos, their
fate has been investigated by archaeologists. However, recent lineage
claims from both the Hopi and Navajo tribes have created unexpected
controversy, which affects archaeological work at these sites today.
36. The Age of the Vikings, Arne Emil Christensen, Scientific American:
Discovering Archaeology, September/October 2000
The Norsemen were more than feared warriors. They were also colonizers,
citybuilders, lawgivers, explorers, and merchants. Eventually, they
settled in the British Isles, Normandy (in France), Russia, Greenland,
and Newfoundland, where they left their cultural mark in a variety of
ways.
37. The Fall of Constantinople, Judith Herrin, History Today, June 2003
In what many regard as one of history's turning points, the Ottoman
Turks captured the Byzantine Empire's capital city of Constantinople in
1453. The background to this epic struggle and the valiant defense of
the city in the face of insurmountable odds are recounted here.
UNIT 7: 1500: The Era of Global Expansion
Unit Overview
38. The Explorer Marco Polo, Paul Lunde, Aramco World, January 2005
Marco Polo preceded the age of Global Expansion by two centuries, but
his well-documented eastern travels must have inspired many later
explorers. In fact, the monopoly of eastern trade by the Republic of
Venice encouraged other states to seek alternative eastern routes,
especially around the southern coast of Africa.
39. 1492: The Prequel, Nicholas D. Kristof, The New York Times
Magazine, June 6, 1999
Between 1405 and 1433, Zheng He of China led sailing expeditions to the
west that reached the east coast of Africa. He could have sailed around
Africa to Europe, but there was little reason to reach that "backward
region of the world." Economic and intellectual complacency within China
stopped the explorations. This set a course for the later domination by the
West.
40. The Other 1492: Jews and Muslims in Columbus's Spain, Fouad Ajami,
The New Republic, April 6, 1992
Christopher Columbus's three ships left Spain for their world-changing
voyage to the Americas the day before the last ships carrying expelled
Jews also left Spain under somewhat different conditions. An account of
the latter exodus chronicles Spanish anti- Semitism, which includes the
1481 Inquisition and the 1492 Edict of Expulsion.
41. A Taste of Adventure: Kerala, India, and the Molucca Islands,
Indonesia, The Economist, December 19, 1998
From the day that Vasco da Gama and his Portuguese crew landed in
India, shouting "For Christ and spices," the world has never been the
same. The global spice trade that journeys like his created, changed
forever the palates of people throughout the world and brought riches
to exploring nations and their citizens.
42. The Significance of Lepanto, Gregory Mellueish, Quadrant, April
2008
The Battle of Lepanto has been referred to as one of history's turning
points, as it saved Europe from a potential Islamic invasion. It still
deserves this acclamation. However, the victory was that of an emerging
form of state over a powerful traditionalist empire.
43. Do Civilizations Really Collapse?, Eric A. Powell, Archaeology,
March/April 2008
This volume has explored many civilizations, concentrating on reasons
for their rise and fall. Recently, historian Jared Diamond has proposed
an eco-cidal theory to explain civilizational collapses. While some
give credence to Diamond's theory, others question some of his work. A
brief critique of his work ends this volume.
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