World Oceans: A Reference Handbook offers an in-depth discussion of the world's oceans. It discusses the marine life that is dependent on the sea as well as the problems threatening the health of the ocean and its wildlife. World Oceans: A Reference Handbook opens with an overview of the history of human knowledge and understanding of the oceans and cryosphere, along with related scientific, technological, social, political, and other factors. The second chapter presents and discusses about a dozen major problems facing the Earth's oceans today, along with possible solutions. The third chapter…mehr
World Oceans: A Reference Handbook offers an in-depth discussion of the world's oceans. It discusses the marine life that is dependent on the sea as well as the problems threatening the health of the ocean and its wildlife. World Oceans: A Reference Handbook opens with an overview of the history of human knowledge and understanding of the oceans and cryosphere, along with related scientific, technological, social, political, and other factors. The second chapter presents and discusses about a dozen major problems facing the Earth's oceans today, along with possible solutions. The third chapter provides interested individuals with an opportunity to express their thoughts and ideas on today's ocean issues, and remaining chapters provide additional resources, such as a bibliography, a chronology, and a glossary, to assist the reader in her or his further study of the issue. Where most books for young adults learning about world oceans take a purely expository treatment, this book provides readers with additional information as well as resources, allowing them to learn more and inform further study of the subject.
David E. Newton is the author of more than 400 textbooks, encyclopedias, workbooks, and other educational materials, primarily in the field of science and math.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface 1 History and Background Origin and Evolution of the Oceans Today's Oceans Ocean Currents Ocean Features Ocean Chemistry Who Owns the Oceans? Ocean Exploration The Voyages The Ocean Floor The Equipment Origin and Evolution of the Cryosphere Huronian Glaciation Snowball Earth Andean-Saharan Late Paleozoic Quaternary Marine Life Coastal Habitats The Open Ocean Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Climate Change Rise in Sea Level Changes in Ocean Chemistry Fishing Issues Overfishing Bycatch Illegal Fishing Pollution Plastics and Microplastics Oil Spills and Leaks Dredging and Shipping Chemical Pollutants Agricultural Runoff and Urban Sewage Aquaculture Coral Reef Die-Off Deep-Sea Mining Noise Invasive Species Crime on the Seas Conclusion References 3 Perspectives Introduction Plenty of Fish in the Sea? Megan Atcheson Coral Reef Bleaching: Is There Hope? Cherilyn Chin Loggerhead Sea Turtles of Anna Maria Island ChrisAnn Silver Esformes Small Island Nations at Risk Bruce E. Johansen An International Solution Susan Lewis One Fish Two Fish Free Fish Farm Fish Ellen Rubin Reef Grief Anjali A. Sarkar Resiliency Joy Ward 4 Profiles Sylvia Earle (1935-) Greenpeace Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806-73) Charles J. Moore (dates unavailable) Sir John Murray (1841-1914) Ocean Conservancy Oceana Arvid Pardo (1914-99) Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460) Roger Revelle (1909-91) and Hans Suess (1909-93) Sea Shepherd Conservation Society Boyan Slat (1994-) Henry Melson Stommel (1920-92) Surfrider Foundation 5 Data and Documents Data Table 5.1. Range of Highest Tides Worldwide Table 5.2. Rise in Sea Levels 1993-2019 Table 5.3. Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019 Table 5.4. Trends in Antarctic and Greenland Ice Mass 2002-17 (gigatonnes per year) Table 5.5. Overfishing and Overfished Stocks as of December 31 2018 Table 5.6. Snow Cover for North America and Greenland 1979-2019 Documents Letter to Certain Foreign Ministers from Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson (1793) United States v. California (1947) and the Submerged Lands Act (1953) Marine Mammal Protection Act (1972) Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (1980) Proclamation 5030 (1983) Ocean Dumping Ban Act (1988) Marine Debris Research Prevention and Reduction Act (2006) Speed Restrictions to Reduce the Threat of Ship Collisions with North Atlantic Right Whales (2008/2013) Executive Order 13547 (2009) The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (2007) National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan (2013) Executive Order 13840 (2018) League of Conservation Voters et al. v. Donald J. Trump et al. (2018) 6 Resources Books Articles Reports Internet 7 Chronology Glossary Index
Preface 1 History and Background Origin and Evolution of the Oceans Today's Oceans Ocean Currents Ocean Features Ocean Chemistry Who Owns the Oceans? Ocean Exploration The Voyages The Ocean Floor The Equipment Origin and Evolution of the Cryosphere Huronian Glaciation Snowball Earth Andean-Saharan Late Paleozoic Quaternary Marine Life Coastal Habitats The Open Ocean Conclusion References 2 Problems Controversies and Solutions Climate Change Rise in Sea Level Changes in Ocean Chemistry Fishing Issues Overfishing Bycatch Illegal Fishing Pollution Plastics and Microplastics Oil Spills and Leaks Dredging and Shipping Chemical Pollutants Agricultural Runoff and Urban Sewage Aquaculture Coral Reef Die-Off Deep-Sea Mining Noise Invasive Species Crime on the Seas Conclusion References 3 Perspectives Introduction Plenty of Fish in the Sea? Megan Atcheson Coral Reef Bleaching: Is There Hope? Cherilyn Chin Loggerhead Sea Turtles of Anna Maria Island ChrisAnn Silver Esformes Small Island Nations at Risk Bruce E. Johansen An International Solution Susan Lewis One Fish Two Fish Free Fish Farm Fish Ellen Rubin Reef Grief Anjali A. Sarkar Resiliency Joy Ward 4 Profiles Sylvia Earle (1935-) Greenpeace Matthew Fontaine Maury (1806-73) Charles J. Moore (dates unavailable) Sir John Murray (1841-1914) Ocean Conservancy Oceana Arvid Pardo (1914-99) Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460) Roger Revelle (1909-91) and Hans Suess (1909-93) Sea Shepherd Conservation Society Boyan Slat (1994-) Henry Melson Stommel (1920-92) Surfrider Foundation 5 Data and Documents Data Table 5.1. Range of Highest Tides Worldwide Table 5.2. Rise in Sea Levels 1993-2019 Table 5.3. Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019 Table 5.4. Trends in Antarctic and Greenland Ice Mass 2002-17 (gigatonnes per year) Table 5.5. Overfishing and Overfished Stocks as of December 31 2018 Table 5.6. Snow Cover for North America and Greenland 1979-2019 Documents Letter to Certain Foreign Ministers from Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson (1793) United States v. California (1947) and the Submerged Lands Act (1953) Marine Mammal Protection Act (1972) Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (1980) Proclamation 5030 (1983) Ocean Dumping Ban Act (1988) Marine Debris Research Prevention and Reduction Act (2006) Speed Restrictions to Reduce the Threat of Ship Collisions with North Atlantic Right Whales (2008/2013) Executive Order 13547 (2009) The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (2007) National Ocean Policy Implementation Plan (2013) Executive Order 13840 (2018) League of Conservation Voters et al. v. Donald J. Trump et al. (2018) 6 Resources Books Articles Reports Internet 7 Chronology Glossary Index
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