The History of Operating Systems. Operating Systems Overview. Operating System Architecture. Coordinating the Machine's Activity. Network Fundamentals. The Internet. Why Study Programming Languages? A Brief History of Programming Languages. The Role of Programming Languages. Software Environments Overview. Universal Programming Languages. Basic Concepts and Elements of Programming Languages. Language Summaries. Ada. C. C++. Fortran. Java. Lisp. Ml. Pascal. Perl. Postscript. Prolog. Smalltalk. Why do We Communicate? What is the Difference between Business and Technical Writing? Writing Effective Business Letter. Essential Components of a Business Letter. Classifications of Business Letters. Electronic Correspondence. Types and Purposes of Presentation. Preparing for the Presentation. Adding Visual Interest to Your Presentation. Delivering the Presentation. Handling Question-and-Answer Sessions.