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Englisch schreiben für die Uni? Studierende und Promovierende müssen wissenschaftliche Texte immer häufiger auf Englisch schreiben. Dieses englischsprachige Buch hilft mit authentischen Formulierungen aus den Sozial-, Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften. Es bietet praktische Ratschläge für das Schreiben zentraler Textsorten wie Hausarbeiten, Laborprotokolle, Essays, Abschlussarbeiten, Exposés und wissenschaftliche Poster. Die übersichtlichen Tipps helfen kompetent und souverän auf Englisch zu schreiben.
Englisch schreiben für die Uni? Studierende und Promovierende müssen wissenschaftliche Texte immer häufiger auf Englisch schreiben. Dieses englischsprachige Buch hilft mit authentischen Formulierungen aus den Sozial-, Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften. Es bietet praktische Ratschläge für das Schreiben zentraler Textsorten wie Hausarbeiten, Laborprotokolle, Essays, Abschlussarbeiten, Exposés und wissenschaftliche Poster. Die übersichtlichen Tipps helfen kompetent und souverän auf Englisch zu schreiben.
1 Introduction to Academic Writing7 1.1 Genre awareness: Conventions, contexts and creativity7 1.2 Academic collectives8 1.3 How to use this book9 2 General writing conventions13 2.1 Key structures: Writing with paragraphs and topic sentences13 2.2 Key directions: Using signposts15 2.3 Key persons: Writing “I”, “we” or in passive voice17 2.4 Key actions: More verbs, less nouns18 2.5 Key genders: Using gender-inclusive language19 2.6 Key sources: Citing other research20 3 Abstracts: Summarizing your study23 3.1 OHE: Observe – hypothesize – experiment23 3.2 Abstracts: The five-finger pattern in science24 3.3 Abstracts: Five-finger patterns in the humanities29 3.4 The language of opening sentences33 3.5 The language of aims and objectives35 3.6 The language of methods38 3.7 The language of findings40 3.8 The language of conclusions and implications41 3.9 An exsample from the field43 4 Introductions: Beginning your paper47 4.1 The general ‘moves’ of academic Introductions47 4.2 The specific ‘steps’ of academic Introductions52 4.3 Establishing and occupying a niche53 4.4 Writing hypotheses60 5 Empirical research papers: Presenting empirical research67 5.1 IMRAD67 5.2 Methods68 5.3 Results73 5.4 Discussion76 5.5 Figures81 6 Contents 6 Theoretical, interpretative and analytical writing 87 6.1 Developing an argument88 6.2 Selecting relevant information from sources89 6.3 Establishing your position I: Finding an authorial ‘voice’89 6.4 Establishing your position II: Engaging with sources93 6.5 Presenting your argument in a coherent manner102 6.6 Conclusions107 7 Posters: Visualising your abstract113 7.1 The purpose of posters113 7.2 Attractive, compelling and professional114 7.3 How much information?118 7.4 Titling your poster120 7.5 Including images, diagrams and graphs122 7.6 Using clear language126 8 Research proposals: Making plans for future studies131 8.1 A basic model structure132 8.2 Stating objectives and research question(s)133 8.3 Stating potential significance136 8.4 Research design and methods137 8.5 Expected results140 8.6 Research limitations141 8.7 References, timetable and appendices142 8.8 Common pitfalls144 9 Diverse genres: Lab reports, short essays, thought papers and case reports147 9.1 Lab reports147 9.2 Short essays152 9.3 Thought papers158 9.4 Case reports163 10 Further resources173 10.1 Continuing alone173 10.2 Continuing in groups174 10.3 Academic vocabulary online174 10.4 Further online resources176 References181 Index191
1 Introduction to Academic Writing7 1.1 Genre awareness: Conventions, contexts and creativity7 1.2 Academic collectives8 1.3 How to use this book9 2 General writing conventions13 2.1 Key structures: Writing with paragraphs and topic sentences13 2.2 Key directions: Using signposts15 2.3 Key persons: Writing “I”, “we” or in passive voice17 2.4 Key actions: More verbs, less nouns18 2.5 Key genders: Using gender-inclusive language19 2.6 Key sources: Citing other research20 3 Abstracts: Summarizing your study23 3.1 OHE: Observe – hypothesize – experiment23 3.2 Abstracts: The five-finger pattern in science24 3.3 Abstracts: Five-finger patterns in the humanities29 3.4 The language of opening sentences33 3.5 The language of aims and objectives35 3.6 The language of methods38 3.7 The language of findings40 3.8 The language of conclusions and implications41 3.9 An exsample from the field43 4 Introductions: Beginning your paper47 4.1 The general ‘moves’ of academic Introductions47 4.2 The specific ‘steps’ of academic Introductions52 4.3 Establishing and occupying a niche53 4.4 Writing hypotheses60 5 Empirical research papers: Presenting empirical research67 5.1 IMRAD67 5.2 Methods68 5.3 Results73 5.4 Discussion76 5.5 Figures81 6 Contents 6 Theoretical, interpretative and analytical writing 87 6.1 Developing an argument88 6.2 Selecting relevant information from sources89 6.3 Establishing your position I: Finding an authorial ‘voice’89 6.4 Establishing your position II: Engaging with sources93 6.5 Presenting your argument in a coherent manner102 6.6 Conclusions107 7 Posters: Visualising your abstract113 7.1 The purpose of posters113 7.2 Attractive, compelling and professional114 7.3 How much information?118 7.4 Titling your poster120 7.5 Including images, diagrams and graphs122 7.6 Using clear language126 8 Research proposals: Making plans for future studies131 8.1 A basic model structure132 8.2 Stating objectives and research question(s)133 8.3 Stating potential significance136 8.4 Research design and methods137 8.5 Expected results140 8.6 Research limitations141 8.7 References, timetable and appendices142 8.8 Common pitfalls144 9 Diverse genres: Lab reports, short essays, thought papers and case reports147 9.1 Lab reports147 9.2 Short essays152 9.3 Thought papers158 9.4 Case reports163 10 Further resources173 10.1 Continuing alone173 10.2 Continuing in groups174 10.3 Academic vocabulary online174 10.4 Further online resources176 References181 Index191
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