The Roman Empire was the most powerful political entity in Western Europe, and its rise to power has been attributed to several factors:
Rome's location at the center of several major trade routes allowed it to expand economically and socially. Romans were farming people who valued labor over leisure and were able to build substantial wealth through agriculture and trade. When Rome overthrew their kings in 509 BC, they established a republic with two consuls (a type of official) who held equal power. The consuls had authority over military matters and foreign policy; they also led religious rituals related to warfare, such as sacrifices before battle or upon returning home victorious from war. Finally, this combination of factors led Romans into conflict with neighboring territoriesinvading other lands led by conquest or threat of force until surrounding peoples became vassals under their rule.
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