Miquel Solà, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Michal K. Cyrañski, Tadeusz M. Krygowski, Gabriel Merino

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity (eBook, PDF)

Concepts and Applications

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity A comprehensive review of the science of aromaticity, as well as its evolution, from benzene to atomic clusters In Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications, a team of accomplished chemists delivers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution and critical aspects of aromaticity. The book examines the new global criteria used to evaluate aromaticity, including the Nucleus Independent Chemical Shift (NICS) index and the electronic indices based on electronic properties. Additional discussions of inorganic aromatic compounds developed in this century, which give rise to new concepts like multifold aromaticity, are included. Three-dimensional aromaticity found in fullerenes and nanotubes, Möbius aromaticity present in some annulenes, and excited state aromaticity are explored as well. This volume explores the geometrical, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic characteristics of aromatic and antiaromatic compounds and their reactivity properties. It also provides: * A thorough historical overview of aromaticity, as well as simple electronic and structural models * Comprehensive explorations of organic and inorganic aromatic compounds, concepts of stability and reactivity, and geometric, energetic, magnetic, and electronic criteria of descriptors of aromaticity * Practical discussions of heteroaromaticity, as well as Möbius aromaticity and excited state aromaticity * In-depth examinations of sigma, pi, delta, and phi aromaticity Perfect for graduate students, researchers, and academics interested in aromaticity, organometallic chemistry, and computational chemistry, Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity: Concepts and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals and researchers working in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 320
• Erscheinungstermin: 19. Oktober 2022
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119085904
• Artikelnr.: 66225205

Autorenporträt

Miquel Solà, PhD, is Full Professor in the Department of Chemistry and researcher of the Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis at the University of Girona. Alexander I. Boldyrev, PhD, is Full Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Utah State University in the United States. Michal K. Cyranski, PhD, is Full Professor in the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Warsaw in Poland. Tadeusz M. Krygowski, PhD, is Emeritus Professor in the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Warsaw in Poland. Gabriel Merino, PhD, is Full Professor at the Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados in Mérida, Mexico.

Inhaltsangabe

Foreword xi

Preface xiii

List of Abbreviations xvii

1 Historical Overview 1

References 7

2 Simple Electron Counting Rules 11

2.1 Introduction 11

2.2 Hückel's 4n +2 Rule 12

2.3 Baird's 4n pi-Electron Rule for the Lowest-Lying Triplet Excited State 13

2.4 Soncini and Fowler's Rule 16

2.5 Möbius' 4n pi-Electron Rule 16

2.6 The Linking Number Rule 18

2.7 Platt's Ring Perimeter Model 19

2.8 Clar's pi-Sextet Rule 20

2.8.1 Glidewell and Lloyd's Rule 23

2.8.2 The Y-Rule 23

2.9 Hirsch's 2(n +1)2 Rule 24

2.10 The 2n2 +2n+ 1 (S = n+ 1/2) Rule 26

2.11 Wade-Mingos' 2n+ 2 Rule 26

2.11.1 Jemmis' mno Rule 27

2.11.2 Equivalence between Hückel's andWade-Mingos' Rules 28

2.12 Other Rules 29

References 30

3 Aromaticity from Organic to Inorganic Compounds 35

3.1 Introduction 35

3.2 pi-Aromatic Inorganic Species 36

3.3 Aromaticity in Main Group Metal Compounds 42

3.4 Aromaticity in Transition Metal Compounds 44

3.5 Conclusions 49

References 49

4 Stability and Reactivity in Aromatic Compounds 55

4.1 Introduction 55

4.2 Aromaticity and Thermodynamic Stability 56

4.3 Aromaticity and Kinetic Stability 61

4.3.1 Acenes 61

4.3.2 Pericyclic Reactions 64

4.3.2.1 Diels-Alder Cycloadditions 65

4.3.2.2 [2+2+2] Cycloadditions 67

4.3.2.3 [1,7]-Sigmatropic Migrations 68

4.3.2.4 Fullerene Additions 68

References 72

5 Descriptors of Aromaticity: Geometric Criteria 77

5.1 Introduction 77

5.2 Geometry-Based Estimation of the Molecular Energy 78

5.3 Bond Length Alternation as a Basis for Defining Aromaticity Indices 80

5.3.1 The Julg Aromaticity Index AJ 81

5.3.2 The Harmonic Oscillator Model of Aromaticity, HOMA (1972 and 1993) 82

5.4 Separation of HOMA into Two Components EN and GEO (1996) 85

5.5 Harmonic Oscillator Model of Electron Delocalization, HOMED (2007) 86

5.6 Harmonic Oscillator Model for Heterocycles with pi Electron and/or n-Electron Delocalization: The HOMHED Index (2012) 87

5.7 Applications of the Bond Orders for Estimating Aromaticity 88

5.8 Bird's Aromaticity Indices I5 and I6 (1985) 90

5.9 Pozharskii Criterion of Aromaticity, DeltaN (1985) and Bond Alternation Coefficient, BAC (1995) 90

5.10 Applications 91

5.11 Impact of the Electric Field on Aromaticity 94

5.12 Stacking Interactions versus H-Bonding in Nucleobases 95

5.13 Showing the Interaction Path for Substituent Effects 96

5.14 Applications in the Field of Quasiaromatic Systems 100

5.15 Extension of HOMA to Noncyclic and Non-pi-electron Systems 101

5.16 Conclusions 103

References 104

6 Descriptors of Aromaticity: Energetic Criteria 111

6.1 Introduction 111

6.2 Thermochemical Approaches 114

6.3 Energetic Approaches Based on Molecular Geometry 115

6.4 Theoretical Approaches 117

References 126

7 Descriptors of Aromaticity: Magnetic Criteria 131

7.1 Introduction 131

7.2 NMR Chemical Shifts 134

7.3 Nucleus Independent Chemical Shifts 135

7.4 Magnetically Induced Current Densities 138

7.5 Anisotropy of the Induced Current Density Tensor 140

References 141

8 Descriptors of Aromaticity: Electronic Criteria 145

8.1 Introduction 145

8