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Guide to post-industrial site restoration and re-establishment of rich communities of plant species for the provision of key ecosystem services In line with the UN sustainable development goals, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land is an expert guide to ecological restoration of post-industrial lands, explaining how to re-introduce biodiversity and ecosystem services by implementing natural processes in the rehabilitation of disturbed sites. It covers both the initial stages associated with the improvement of physicochemical and biological substrate characteristics…mehr
Guide to post-industrial site restoration and re-establishment of rich communities of plant species for the provision of key ecosystem services
In line with the UN sustainable development goals, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land is an expert guide to ecological restoration of post-industrial lands, explaining how to re-introduce biodiversity and ecosystem services by implementing natural processes in the rehabilitation of disturbed sites. It covers both the initial stages associated with the improvement of physicochemical and biological substrate characteristics as a precondition for continuous vegetation, as well as the subsequent re-establishment of rich communities of plant species and how these communities may be optimized for their biodiversity and ecosystem services such as pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, habitation for other organisms, food plants for herbivores, carbon sequestration, and aesthetic value.
Case studies of successful restoration of industrial sites from Asia, Africa, North and South America, and Europe, which include coal and mineral mining sites, oil drilling sites, and dumpsites, complement the conceptual part of the text and demonstrate how to put the theory into practice.
Written by an experienced researcher in the field, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land includes information on:
Mining sustainability in arid zones, aromatic plants for phytoremediation, and spontaneous flora growth on metalliferous sites
Resilience of plant diversity, ecosystem services from rehabilitated waste dumpsites, and plantation forestry for eco-restoration
Soil biodiversity and plant-microbe interactions, afforestation of former asbestos mines, and bauxite mine restoration and management
Role of the local government in re-use of sites, restoration of wetlands in oil and gas exploration areas, and carbon sequestration in revegetated coal mine soil
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land is an essential guide for environmental managers, scientists, ecologists, and engineers tasked with restoring post-industrial sites, managers in mining, oil, gas, and other heavy industries, and NGOs involved in sustainable land use.
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Autorenporträt
Dr. Vimal Chandra Pandey is a leading researcher in the field of phytomanagement of polluted sites. He is listed in the World's Top 2% Scientists, announced by Stanford University and Elsevier BV. He serves as Editor, Advisory Board and Editorial Board Member for various journals, including Land Degradation and Development; Restoration Ecology; Environment, Development and Sustainability; Ambio; Clean¿Soil Air Water; Discover Sustainability; Environmental Management; and Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology.
Inhaltsangabe
List of Contributors xv About the Editor xxi Foreword xxiii Preface xxv Acknowledgments xxvii 1 Mining Sustainability: A Reality in Arid Zones 1 Elizabeth J. Lam, Italo L. Montofré, and Fernando A. Alvarez 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Mining in Chile 3 1.3 Chile: Arid Zone Mining 6 1.4 Circular Mining and Arid Zone Sustainability 13 1.5 Conclusions 17 References 18 2 Restoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land: Challenges and Opportunities 25 Sameer Shekhar, Shubham Abhishek, Bhanu Pandey, and Siddharth Singh 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Post-Industrial Landscapes: A Brief Overview 26 2.3 Biodiversity on Post-Industrial Land 28 2.4 Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land 30 2.5 Restoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land 34 2.6 Policy and Management for Post-Industrial Landscapes 37 2.7 Key Findings and Implications 41 2.8 Challenges and Future Research Directions 41 2.9 Conclusion 43 References 43 3 Spontaneous Flora on Post-industrial Metalliferous Sites 53 Ksenija Jakovljevi , Tomica Miljenovi , and Dragana Ran elovi 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Definition and Types of Post-industrial Sites 54 3.3 Spontaneous Flora: Characteristics and Benefits 63 3.4 Spontaneous Flora in Post-industrial Sites: Current Findings 65 3.5 Ecosystem Services of Spontaneous Flora on Post-industrial Metalliferous Sites 76 3.6 Conclusions 82 Acknowledgments 83 References 83 4 Restoration Ecosystem Toward Spontaneous Succession on Reclaimed Mining Sites 97 Marcin Pietrzykowski, Bart omiej Wö, Justyna Likus-Cie lik, Marek Paj k, Edyta Sierka, and Barbara Stalmachová 4.1 Introduction 97 4.2 Biodiversity of Succession Communities on Mine Sites 98 4.3 Mine Soil Development Under Reclamation and Successional Communities 104 4.4 Biomass and Wood Productivity Potential of Reclaimed and Successional Plant Communities 106 4.5 Plant Communities from Succession as Indicators of Site Conditions 107 4.6 Managed Succession on Post-Mine Sites 109 4.7 Example of a Reclamation by Using Vegetation Communities from Succession 110 4.8 Conclusion 111 Acknowledgments 112 References 112 5 Plant Diversity on Post-Industrial Land: Resilience and Restoration 119 Shivali Sharma, Jonnada Likhita, Sunny Sharma, Gaurav Sharma, Amit Kumar, Rupesh Kumar, and Vimal Chandra Pandey 5.1 Introduction 119 5.2 Numerous Elements that Promote Industrialization 121 5.3 Industrial Impact on Plant Communities 122 5.4 Effects of Toxins Released by Various Industries 125 5.5 Mechanisms of Plant Resilience 125 5.6 Case Studies 138 5.7 Challenges and Failures 141 5.8 Ecological Restoration 143 5.9 Introduction of Important Species 146 5.10 Success Stories in Restoration 147 5.11 Policy Implications 155 5.12 Conclusion and Ways Forward 157 References 159 6 Plantation Forestry for Ecorestoration: A Working Premises 171 Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Abhishek Raj, Arnab Banerjee, Surendra Singh Bargali, and Kiran Bargali 6.1 Introduction 171 6.2 Plantation Forestry: Global Area Context 173 6.3 Expansion of Plantation Forestry to Industrial Forest Plantation 173 6.4 Species Grown in Forest Plantations 175 6.5 Ecosystem Services Through Plantation Forestry 175 6.6 Plantation Forestry Through a Reforestation Approach 178 6.7 Ecological Restoration and Sustainability 179 6.8 Forest Restoration 180 6.9 Plantation Forestry for Climate Change Mitigation 180 6.10 Socioeconomic Perspective of Restoration 181 6.11 Future Perspective 182 6.12 Conclusion 183 References 183 7 Soil Biodiversity and Plant-Microbes Interactions on Post-Industrial Land 189 Aneta Kowalska and Anna Grobelak 7.1 Loss of Soil Biodiversity on Post-Industrial Land 189 7.2 Biodiversity as an Opportunity for Sustainable Transformation of Mining Regions 190 7.3 Treatments Increasing the Biodiversity of Post-Industrial Soil 191 7.4 Post-Industrial Areas as a Refuge of Biodiversity 192 7.5 Plant-Growth-Promoting Microbes and Their Feasibility for Recultivation of Post-Industrial Lands 193 7.6 Summary and Conclusions 194 Acknowledgments 195 References 195 8 Afforestation of Former Asbestos Mines in Quebec, Canada: An Efficient Nature-Based Climate Solution that also Leads to Gains in Biodiversity 199 Nicolas Bélanger, Laurence Grimond, Rim Khlifa, Simon Bilodeau-Gauthier, and David Rivest 8.1 Introduction 199 8.2 Historical Background of Asbestos Mining in Canada 201 8.3 Typical Ecological Restoration 204 8.4 Afforestation 209 8.5 Carbon Sequestration 220 8.6 Gains in Plant and Faunal Diversity Following Afforestation 224 8.7 Conclusion 230 Acknowledgments 231 References 231 9 Bauxite Mine Restoration and Management 241 Shailesh Kumar Yadav, Arnab Banerjee, Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Abhishek Raj, Surendra Singh Bargali, and Vimal Chandra Pandey 9.1 Introduction 241 9.2 Impact of Bauxite Mining 241 9.3 Approaches Toward Management of the Impact of Bauxite Mining 245 9.4 Restoration Targets and Objectives 246 9.5 Stages of Restoration Planning and Implementation 247 9.6 Restoration Implementation 248 9.7 Sustainable Bauxite Mining 254 9.8 Rehabilitation and Restoration in Surguja - A Case Study from Chhattisgarh, India 254 9.9 Conclusion 256 9.10 Future Directives 256 References 258 10 Role of the Local Government in Re-Use of Post-Industrial Sites in Poland 263 Katarzyna Sadowy 10.1 Introduction 263 10.2 Post-Industrial Sites in Poland 266 10.3 Role of the Voivodeships and Municipalities in the Management of Post-Industrial Areas 272 10.4 Conclusions 281 Acknowledgement 282 References 282 11 Restoration of Ecosystem Services of Endangered Wetlands in Post Oil and Gas Exploration Era in the Niger Delta, Nigeria 285 Aroloye O. Numbere, Victoria C. Obinna, Eberechukwu M. Maduike, and Austin E. Abah 11.1 Introduction 285 11.2 Characterization of Wetlands in the Niger Delta 287 11.3 Impact of Oil and Gas Exploration on Wetlands of the Niger Delta 289 11.4 Sedimentary Environment of the Niger Delta 295 11.5 Causes of Wetland Degradation 297 11.6 Ecosystem Services in a Restored Wetland 300 11.7 Sustainable Management of the Wetland in the Niger Delta 301 11.8 Policy Development of Wetlands in the Niger Delta 302 11.9 Conclusion and Recommendations 304 References 304 12 Carbon Sequestration in Revegetated Coal Mine Soil: A Chronosequence Study in the Gevra Opencast Project, Chhattisgarh, India 307 Preeti Singh, Amlan Kumar Ghosh, Ebhin Masto, Santosh Kumar, and Chandini Pradhan 12.1 Introduction 307 12.2 Analysis and Classification of Organic Residue/Plant Materials: Impacts on Carbon Sequestration in Soil 308 12.3 Litterfall Dynamics, Seasonal Variations, and Implications for Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration 309 12.4 Impact of Plant Litter Quality on Decomposition Rate and Soil Health in Restored Coal Mine Areas of Chhattisgarh, India 309 12.5 Role of Plant-Microbe Interactions in Soil Carbon Sequestration: Insights from Microbial Biomass Carbon Dynamics 310 12.6 Different Pools of Soil Organic Carbon in Restored Mine Soil 312 12.7 Total Organic Carbon, C Stock, and C Sequestration in Reclaimed Mine Soil 313 12.8 Insights from Spectroscopic Analysis on Soil Organic Carbon Characteristics in Restored Mine Soils 317 12.9 Conclusion 322 References 324 13 Ecosystem Services from Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 329 ml Dotaniya, CK Dotaniya, Kuldeep Kumar, RK Yadav, RK Doutaniya, HM Meena, DK Yadav, Saurabh Shukla, AO Shirale, and Manju Lata 13.1 Introduction 329 13.2 Different Types of Pollution 332 13.3 Risk Assessment of Metal Pollution 336 13.4 Source of Contamination and Its Identification 337 13.5 Effect on Ecological Services 338 13.6 Important Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 340 13.7 Ecosystem Services from Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 342 13.8 Improvement in Ecological Services by Improving the Waste Discharge Process 342 13.9 Strategies for Improving Ecological Services 344 13.10 Challenges Faced During Rehabilitation 346 13.11 Conclusions 346 References 347 14 Harnessing Aromatic Plants for Phytoremediation: A Scented Solution for Ecology and Economy 357 Vimal Chandra Pandey, Valeria Ancona, D. D. Tewari, and Sanat Kumar Dwibedi 14.1 Introduction 357 14.2 Aromatic Grasses 358 14.3 Aromatic Grasses and Their Phytoremediation Potential 360 14.4 Manifold Usages of Aromatic Grasses 367 14.5 Aromatic Grasses Rooted in UN-SDGs 368 14.6 Conclusion and Prospects 369 References 372 Index 381
List of Contributors xv About the Editor xxi Foreword xxiii Preface xxv Acknowledgments xxvii 1 Mining Sustainability: A Reality in Arid Zones 1 Elizabeth J. Lam, Italo L. Montofré, and Fernando A. Alvarez 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Mining in Chile 3 1.3 Chile: Arid Zone Mining 6 1.4 Circular Mining and Arid Zone Sustainability 13 1.5 Conclusions 17 References 18 2 Restoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land: Challenges and Opportunities 25 Sameer Shekhar, Shubham Abhishek, Bhanu Pandey, and Siddharth Singh 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Post-Industrial Landscapes: A Brief Overview 26 2.3 Biodiversity on Post-Industrial Land 28 2.4 Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land 30 2.5 Restoring Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on Post-Industrial Land 34 2.6 Policy and Management for Post-Industrial Landscapes 37 2.7 Key Findings and Implications 41 2.8 Challenges and Future Research Directions 41 2.9 Conclusion 43 References 43 3 Spontaneous Flora on Post-industrial Metalliferous Sites 53 Ksenija Jakovljevi , Tomica Miljenovi , and Dragana Ran elovi 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Definition and Types of Post-industrial Sites 54 3.3 Spontaneous Flora: Characteristics and Benefits 63 3.4 Spontaneous Flora in Post-industrial Sites: Current Findings 65 3.5 Ecosystem Services of Spontaneous Flora on Post-industrial Metalliferous Sites 76 3.6 Conclusions 82 Acknowledgments 83 References 83 4 Restoration Ecosystem Toward Spontaneous Succession on Reclaimed Mining Sites 97 Marcin Pietrzykowski, Bart omiej Wö, Justyna Likus-Cie lik, Marek Paj k, Edyta Sierka, and Barbara Stalmachová 4.1 Introduction 97 4.2 Biodiversity of Succession Communities on Mine Sites 98 4.3 Mine Soil Development Under Reclamation and Successional Communities 104 4.4 Biomass and Wood Productivity Potential of Reclaimed and Successional Plant Communities 106 4.5 Plant Communities from Succession as Indicators of Site Conditions 107 4.6 Managed Succession on Post-Mine Sites 109 4.7 Example of a Reclamation by Using Vegetation Communities from Succession 110 4.8 Conclusion 111 Acknowledgments 112 References 112 5 Plant Diversity on Post-Industrial Land: Resilience and Restoration 119 Shivali Sharma, Jonnada Likhita, Sunny Sharma, Gaurav Sharma, Amit Kumar, Rupesh Kumar, and Vimal Chandra Pandey 5.1 Introduction 119 5.2 Numerous Elements that Promote Industrialization 121 5.3 Industrial Impact on Plant Communities 122 5.4 Effects of Toxins Released by Various Industries 125 5.5 Mechanisms of Plant Resilience 125 5.6 Case Studies 138 5.7 Challenges and Failures 141 5.8 Ecological Restoration 143 5.9 Introduction of Important Species 146 5.10 Success Stories in Restoration 147 5.11 Policy Implications 155 5.12 Conclusion and Ways Forward 157 References 159 6 Plantation Forestry for Ecorestoration: A Working Premises 171 Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Abhishek Raj, Arnab Banerjee, Surendra Singh Bargali, and Kiran Bargali 6.1 Introduction 171 6.2 Plantation Forestry: Global Area Context 173 6.3 Expansion of Plantation Forestry to Industrial Forest Plantation 173 6.4 Species Grown in Forest Plantations 175 6.5 Ecosystem Services Through Plantation Forestry 175 6.6 Plantation Forestry Through a Reforestation Approach 178 6.7 Ecological Restoration and Sustainability 179 6.8 Forest Restoration 180 6.9 Plantation Forestry for Climate Change Mitigation 180 6.10 Socioeconomic Perspective of Restoration 181 6.11 Future Perspective 182 6.12 Conclusion 183 References 183 7 Soil Biodiversity and Plant-Microbes Interactions on Post-Industrial Land 189 Aneta Kowalska and Anna Grobelak 7.1 Loss of Soil Biodiversity on Post-Industrial Land 189 7.2 Biodiversity as an Opportunity for Sustainable Transformation of Mining Regions 190 7.3 Treatments Increasing the Biodiversity of Post-Industrial Soil 191 7.4 Post-Industrial Areas as a Refuge of Biodiversity 192 7.5 Plant-Growth-Promoting Microbes and Their Feasibility for Recultivation of Post-Industrial Lands 193 7.6 Summary and Conclusions 194 Acknowledgments 195 References 195 8 Afforestation of Former Asbestos Mines in Quebec, Canada: An Efficient Nature-Based Climate Solution that also Leads to Gains in Biodiversity 199 Nicolas Bélanger, Laurence Grimond, Rim Khlifa, Simon Bilodeau-Gauthier, and David Rivest 8.1 Introduction 199 8.2 Historical Background of Asbestos Mining in Canada 201 8.3 Typical Ecological Restoration 204 8.4 Afforestation 209 8.5 Carbon Sequestration 220 8.6 Gains in Plant and Faunal Diversity Following Afforestation 224 8.7 Conclusion 230 Acknowledgments 231 References 231 9 Bauxite Mine Restoration and Management 241 Shailesh Kumar Yadav, Arnab Banerjee, Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Abhishek Raj, Surendra Singh Bargali, and Vimal Chandra Pandey 9.1 Introduction 241 9.2 Impact of Bauxite Mining 241 9.3 Approaches Toward Management of the Impact of Bauxite Mining 245 9.4 Restoration Targets and Objectives 246 9.5 Stages of Restoration Planning and Implementation 247 9.6 Restoration Implementation 248 9.7 Sustainable Bauxite Mining 254 9.8 Rehabilitation and Restoration in Surguja - A Case Study from Chhattisgarh, India 254 9.9 Conclusion 256 9.10 Future Directives 256 References 258 10 Role of the Local Government in Re-Use of Post-Industrial Sites in Poland 263 Katarzyna Sadowy 10.1 Introduction 263 10.2 Post-Industrial Sites in Poland 266 10.3 Role of the Voivodeships and Municipalities in the Management of Post-Industrial Areas 272 10.4 Conclusions 281 Acknowledgement 282 References 282 11 Restoration of Ecosystem Services of Endangered Wetlands in Post Oil and Gas Exploration Era in the Niger Delta, Nigeria 285 Aroloye O. Numbere, Victoria C. Obinna, Eberechukwu M. Maduike, and Austin E. Abah 11.1 Introduction 285 11.2 Characterization of Wetlands in the Niger Delta 287 11.3 Impact of Oil and Gas Exploration on Wetlands of the Niger Delta 289 11.4 Sedimentary Environment of the Niger Delta 295 11.5 Causes of Wetland Degradation 297 11.6 Ecosystem Services in a Restored Wetland 300 11.7 Sustainable Management of the Wetland in the Niger Delta 301 11.8 Policy Development of Wetlands in the Niger Delta 302 11.9 Conclusion and Recommendations 304 References 304 12 Carbon Sequestration in Revegetated Coal Mine Soil: A Chronosequence Study in the Gevra Opencast Project, Chhattisgarh, India 307 Preeti Singh, Amlan Kumar Ghosh, Ebhin Masto, Santosh Kumar, and Chandini Pradhan 12.1 Introduction 307 12.2 Analysis and Classification of Organic Residue/Plant Materials: Impacts on Carbon Sequestration in Soil 308 12.3 Litterfall Dynamics, Seasonal Variations, and Implications for Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration 309 12.4 Impact of Plant Litter Quality on Decomposition Rate and Soil Health in Restored Coal Mine Areas of Chhattisgarh, India 309 12.5 Role of Plant-Microbe Interactions in Soil Carbon Sequestration: Insights from Microbial Biomass Carbon Dynamics 310 12.6 Different Pools of Soil Organic Carbon in Restored Mine Soil 312 12.7 Total Organic Carbon, C Stock, and C Sequestration in Reclaimed Mine Soil 313 12.8 Insights from Spectroscopic Analysis on Soil Organic Carbon Characteristics in Restored Mine Soils 317 12.9 Conclusion 322 References 324 13 Ecosystem Services from Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 329 ml Dotaniya, CK Dotaniya, Kuldeep Kumar, RK Yadav, RK Doutaniya, HM Meena, DK Yadav, Saurabh Shukla, AO Shirale, and Manju Lata 13.1 Introduction 329 13.2 Different Types of Pollution 332 13.3 Risk Assessment of Metal Pollution 336 13.4 Source of Contamination and Its Identification 337 13.5 Effect on Ecological Services 338 13.6 Important Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 340 13.7 Ecosystem Services from Rehabilitated Waste Dumpsites 342 13.8 Improvement in Ecological Services by Improving the Waste Discharge Process 342 13.9 Strategies for Improving Ecological Services 344 13.10 Challenges Faced During Rehabilitation 346 13.11 Conclusions 346 References 347 14 Harnessing Aromatic Plants for Phytoremediation: A Scented Solution for Ecology and Economy 357 Vimal Chandra Pandey, Valeria Ancona, D. D. Tewari, and Sanat Kumar Dwibedi 14.1 Introduction 357 14.2 Aromatic Grasses 358 14.3 Aromatic Grasses and Their Phytoremediation Potential 360 14.4 Manifold Usages of Aromatic Grasses 367 14.5 Aromatic Grasses Rooted in UN-SDGs 368 14.6 Conclusion and Prospects 369 References 372 Index 381
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