Bharat Bhushan

eBook, PDF

Biophysics of Human Hair (eBook, PDF)

Structural, Nanomechanical, and Nanotribological Studies

Beschreibung

Sudha,whohasbeenforbearingduringthepreparationofthisbook. Powell,OH BharatBhushan November2010 v Contents 1 Introduction-Human Hair, Skin, and Hair Care Products. . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 HumanHair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. 1 TheCuticle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. 1. 2 TheCortexandMedulla. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. 2 Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1. 3 HairCare:CleaningandConditioningTreatments,andDamaging Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. 3. 1 CleaningandConditioningTreatments:Shampoo andConditioner. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1. 3. 2 DamagingProcesses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1. 4 OrganizationoftheBook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2 Experimental Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2. 1 ExperimentalApparatuses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2. 2 ExperimentalProcedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2. 2. 1 StructuralCharacterizationUsinganAFM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2. 2. 2 SurfacePotentialStudiesUsingAFM-Based KelvinProbeMicroscopy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2. 2. 3 NanomechanicalCharacterizationUsingNanoindentation . . . 30 2. 2. 4 InSituTensileDeformationCharacterizationUsingAFM . . . 32 2. 2. 5 Macroscale Tribological Characterization UsingaFrictionTestApparatus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2. 2. 6 Micro/nanotribologicalCharacterizationUsinganAFM. . . . . 35 2. 3 HairandSkinSamples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3 Structural Characterization Using an AFM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3. 1 StructureofHairCrossSectionandLongitudinalSection . . . . . . . . . . 45 3. 1. 1 CrossSectionofHair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3. 1. 2 LongitudinalSectionofHair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3. 2 StructureofVariousCuticleLayers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 3. 2. 1 VirginHair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 vii viii Contents 3. 2. 2 ChemicallyDamagedHair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3. 2. 3 Conditioner-TreatedHair. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 3. 2. 4 EffectofHumidityonMorphologyandCellularStructure ofHairSurface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3. 3 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 4 Nanomechanical Characterization Using Nanoindentation, Nanoscratch, and AFM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4. 1 Hardness,Young'sModulus,andCreep. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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Autor

Dr. Bharat Bhushan received an M.S. in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971, an M.S. in mechanics and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1973 and 1976, respectively, an MBA from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, NY in 1980, Doctor Technicae from the University of Trondheim at Trondheim, Norway in 1990, a Doctor of Technical Sciences from the Warsaw University of Technology at Warsaw, Poland in 1996, and Doctor Honoris Causa from the Metal-Polymer Research Institute of National Academy of Sciences at Gomel, Belarus in 2000. He is a registered professional engineer (mechanical) and presently an Ohio Eminent Scholar and The Howard D. Winbigler Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate Research Faculty Advisor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Director of the Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage & MEMS/NEMS (NLIM) at the Ohio Sta

te University, Columbus, Ohio. He is an internationally recognized expert of tribology on the macro- to nanoscales, and is one of the most prolific authors in the field. He is considered by some a pioneer of the tribology and mechanics of magnetic storage devices and a leading researcher in the fields of nanotribology and nanomechanics using scanning probe microscopy and applications to micro/nanotechnology.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• Seitenzahl: 192
• Erscheinungstermin: 25. November 2010
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783642159015
• Artikelnr.: 37370693