Biosorption for Wastewater Contaminants (eBook, ePUB)

Redaktion: Selvasembian, Rangabhashiyam; Singh, Pardeep

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Pollution due to various anthropogenic activities continues to increase. In terms of water pollutants, organic and inorganic pollutants are the most problematic. Although several measures have been proposed and implemented to prevent or reduce contamination, their increased concentration in water bodies has created serious concerns. Over the years, the problem has been aggravated by industrialization, urbanization and the exploitation of natural resources. The direct discharge of wastewater contaminants and their geographical mobilization have caused an increase in concentration in ground, surface, fluvial and residual waters. Extensive information about detection and disposal methods is needed in order to develop technological solutions for a -variety of environments, both urban and rural. This book provides up-to-date information on wastewater contaminants, aimed at researchers, engineers and technologists working in this field. Conventional physicochemical techniques used to remove contaminants from wastewater include ion exchange, precipitation, degradation, coagulation, coating, membrane processes and adsorption. However, these applications have technological and economic limitations, and involve the release of large amounts of chemical reagents and by-products that are themselves difficult to remove. Biosorption - the use of organically generated material as an adsorbent - is attracting new research and scholarship. Thermally-treated calcined biomaterials may be treated to remove heavy metals from wastewater. To ensure the elimination of these contaminants, existing solutions must be integrated with intelligent biosorption functions. Biosorption for Wastewater Contaminants will find an appreciative audience among academics and postgraduates working in the fields of environmental biotechnology, environmental engineering, wastewater treatment technology and environmental chemistry.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 320
• Erscheinungstermin: 13. Oktober 2021
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119737612
• Artikelnr.: 62829105

Autorenporträt

About the Editors Dr Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian is an Assistant Professor in the School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr Pardeep Singh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Environmental Science, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Inhaltsangabe

List of Contributors xii

Preface xvi

Foreword xvii

1 Industrial Wastewater Contaminants and Their Hazardous Impacts 1
Camila Pesci Pereira, João Pedro Neves Goldenstein, and João Paulo Bassin

List of Abbreviations 1

Introduction 2

Toxic Heavy Metals 3

Dyes 5

Oil and Grease 8

Biocides 10

Organic Compounds 12

Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) 15

Conclusion 17

References 19

2 Biosorption and Different Native Sources for Preparation of Biosorbents 23
A.B. Sathya, R. Sivashankar, J. Kanimozhi, R. Devika, and R. Balaji

Introduction 23

Biosorption and Its Mechanism 24

Biosorbents 24

Types of Biosorbents 25

Microbial Biomass as Biosorbents 26

Bacterial Biomass 26

Algae as Biosorbents 27

Fungi as Biosorbents 30

Yeasts as Biosorbents 30

Biosorbents Derived from Plant and Animal Waste 31

Biocomposites 33

Alteration of Biosorbents 33

Desorption and Regeneration 34

Cost Evaluation 34

Conclusion 35

References 35

3 Biosorption for Eliminating Inorganic Contaminants (IOCs) from Wastewater 42
Rahul Sharma, Pinki Rani Agrawal, Ravi Kumar, Ittishree, and Gaurav Gupta

Introduction: Water Pollution by Inorganic Contaminants (IOCs) 42

Permissible Limits and Sources of IOCs in Water Systems 45

Standard Permissible Limits of Some IOCs in Water 45

Sources of IOCs in Water Systems 46

Natural Sources 46

Anthropogenic Sources 46

IOCs in Water: Environmental and Health Hazards 47

Elimination of IOCs from Wastewater: Recent Strategies and Remediation Techniques 49

Oxidation/Precipitation 50

Ion Exchange 50

Electrokinetics (EK) 50

Membrane Filtration / Reverse Osmosis 50

Sorption Methods 51

Biosorption Methods for Eliminating IOCs from Wastewater 51

Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives 54

References 56

4 Biosorption for Eliminating Organic Contaminants from Wastewater 63
Pinki Rani Agrawal, Rahul Sharma, and Abhishek Agrawal

Introduction 63

Types of Organic Pollutants and Their Effects on Human Health 64

Organic Dyes 64

Pharmaceutical Waste 66

Agricultural Waste 67

Remediation Methods for Eliminating Organic Contaminants from Wastewater 67

Biosorption as a Remediation Method for Organic Pollutants 67

Mechanism of Biosorption for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants 70

Conclusion and Future Prospects 72

References 73

5 Recent Approaches in the Preparation of Various Biosorbents 79
Rajarathinam Nithya and Arunachalam Thirunavukkarasu

Introduction 79

Biosorbents 81

Physical Treatment of Biosorbents 82

Sterilization 82

Comminution 82

Cryodessication 83

Microwave Drying 83

Chemical Treatment of Biosorbents 83

Acid Treatment 83

Alkali Treatment 84

Pyrolysis 84

Solid-Liquid Extraction 85

Immobilization 85

Chemical and Genetic Modifications 86

Challenges in the Utilization of Biosorbents 86

Conclusion 92

References 93

6 Characterization of the Biosorption Process 102
R. Sivashankar, A.B. Sathya, J. Kanimozhi, and B. Deepanraj

Introduction 102

Biosorption 103

Characterization Methods 104

Titration Technique