Blockchains (eBook, ePUB)

Empowering Technologies and Industrial Applications
Redaktion: Al-Dulaimi, Anwer; I, Chih-Lin; Dobre, Octavia A.

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Blockchains Empowering Technologies and Industrial Applications A comprehensive guide to the most recent developments in blockchains in theoretical and industrial perspectives Originally introduced as a method to keep track of Bitcoin transactions over a peer-to-peer network, blockchain is a continuously growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked and secured using cryptography into a chain held in public databases. The use of this technology has grown since its cryptocurrency creation and now store three types of information: 1) transactions, including the date, time, and value of purchases; 2) records of participates in transactions; and 3) unique code known as a "hash" that distinguishes one block from another. A single block on the blockchain can hold 1 MB of data, or potentially thousands of transactions -- this then can allow for hundreds of thousands of transactions to be recorded as each block can join the state-of-the-art blockchain. Blockchains provides a detailed overview of the latest and most innovative concepts, techniques, and applications related to the developing blockchain. Aimed at novices and experts on the subject, the book focuses on blockchain technologies, integrated systems, and use cases, specifically by looking at three major technical areas: blockchain platforms and distributed database technologies, consensus and fault tolerance, and Blockchain as a Service (BaaS). These avenues of research are essential to support blockchain functionalities, such as acquiring and updating existing data, securing data resources and the recovery of failures, and using blockchains in various services that range from cryptocurrencies to cloud automation. Blockchains readers will also find: * Brainstorming activities that gradually builds the knowledge of readers on the described technology and deployment scenarios * Investigation of specific topics such as novel networking protocols, wireless techniques, new infrastructure designs, operations management, and deployment strategies * Discussion of technical challenges in blockchain, as well as how to manage cloud-based networks, service automation, and cyber security * Numerous elementary and advanced examples on various topics at the end of the book that can be used for training purposes * Illustrations including tables and diagrams to help elucidate points made throughout the volume * Glossary of relevant terminology to blockchains in enterprise Blockchains is a useful reference for researchers in vehicular networking and computer science, as well as cloud storage providers and governmental offices for data management.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: For Dummies
• Seitenzahl: 416
• Erscheinungstermin: 7. September 2023
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119781035
• Artikelnr.: 68981136

Autorenporträt

Anwer Al-Dulaimi, PhD, is a Senior Manager of Emerging Technologies and Distinguished Member of Technical Staff at the 5G Center of Excellence, EXFO Inc. in Montreal, Canada. He is the chair of IEEE 5G Innovation Testbed Project, Chair of IEEE 1932.1 Standard, and IEEE Distinguished Lecturer. Octavia A. Dobre, PhD, is a Professor and Research Chair in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Memorial University, Canada. She is an IEEE Fellow and is the Inaugural Editor-in-Chief for the IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society. Chih-Lin I, PhD, established the Green Communications Research Center of China Mobile, spearheading in her role as the CMCC Chief Scientist of Wireless Technologies major initiatives including 5G Key Technologies R&D.

Inhaltsangabe

About the Editors xvii

About the Contributors xxi

Foreword xxxix

Preface xliii

1 Introduction 1
Anwer Al-Dulaimi, Octavia A. Dobre, and Chih-Lin I

1.1 Exploring Blockchain Technology 1

1.2 Developing and Testing Blockchains: Software Development Approach 4

1.3 Blockchains and Cloud Integration 7

1.4 Blockchain and Mobile Networking 9

1.5 Open Architecture and Blockchains 11

1.6 Open API and Monetization of Mobile Network Infrastructure 12

1.6.1 Using Blockchain Technology to Tokenize API Access 13

1.6.2 Monetize Mobile Network Infrastructure 13

1.7 Resiliency of Current Blockchain Models 14

1.8 Next Evolution in Blockchain Functions 15

1.9 Book Objectives and Organization 16

References 18

2 Enabling Technologies and Distributed Storage 21
Sina Rafati Niya and Burkhard Stiller

2.1 Introduction 21

2.2 Data Storage 22

2.2.1 Distributed File Systems 23

2.2.2 Cloud Storage Systems 25

2.3 Blockchains 26

2.3.1 Building Elements of Blockchains 26

2.3.2 Mining in Blockchains 29

2.3.3 Blockchain-Based Data Storage 29

2.3.4 Blockchain Types 30

2.4 Distributed Storage Systems 31

2.4.1 DSS Layers 32

2.4.2 Distributed Storage Challenges 34

2.4.2.1 Security 34

2.4.2.2 Reliability 35

2.4.2.3 Economic Incentives 35

2.4.2.4 Coordination 36

2.4.2.5 Monetization 37

2.4.3 DSS Implementations 37

2.4.4 DSS Use Cases 41

2.4.4.1 SCT dApps 42

2.4.4.2 SCT dApp Food Chain Example 43

2.4.5 Performance Evaluation of DSSs 43

2.5 The Future of DSS 45

2.6 Concluding Considerations 46

Acronyms 46

References 47

3 Managing Consensus in Distributed Transaction Systems 53
Hans Walter Behrens, Kasim Selçuk Candan, and Dragan Boscovic

3.1 Ledgers and Consensus 53

3.1.1 Distributed Ledgers 53

3.1.2 Consensus 53

3.1.2.1 Consensus for Consistent Data Storage 54

3.1.2.2 Consensus for Transaction Ordering 56

3.1.2.3 Consensus as a Defense Against Bad Actors 56

3.1.3 Industrial Case Study 56

3.2 Consensus Protocols, Then and Now 57

3.2.1 State Machine Replication 57

3.2.2 Byzantine Fault Tolerance 59

3.2.3 Nakamoto Consensus 60

3.2.4 Hybrid Consensus 61

3.3 Cryptographic Nakamoto Proofs 62

3.3.1 Proof of Work 62

3.3.2 Proof of Stake 63

3.3.2.1 Chain-Based Proof of Stake 64

3.3.3 Proof of Capacity 64

3.3.4 Proof of Time 66

3.4 Challenges to Scalability 67

3.4.1 Communication Complexity 67

3.4.2 Asynchronous Context 68

3.4.3 Participant Churn 68

3.4.4 The Blockchain Scalability Problem 69

3.5 Block Size and Propagation 69

3.5.1 Larger Blocks 70

3.5.2 Shorter Rounds 71

3.6 Committees, Groups, and Sharding 71

3.6.1 Committees 71

3.6.2 Groups 72

3.6.3 Sharding 72

3.7 Transaction Channels 73

3.7.1 Trust-Weighted Agreement 74

3.7.2 Off-Chain Transactions 74

3.7.3 Lightning Network 75

3.8 Checkpointing and Finality Gadgets 76

3.8.1 Probabilistic Finality 76

3.8.2 Checkpointing 77

3.8.3 Finality Gadgets 77

3.9 Bootstrapping 78

3.9.1 Networking 78

3.9.2 Data 79

3.10 Future Tre