Carbon Allotropes and Composites (eBook, ePUB)

Materials for Environment Protection and Remediation
Redaktion: Verma, Chandrabhan; Hussain, Chaudhery Mustansar

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

CARBON ALLOTROPES and COMPOSITES The book discusses the most recent developments and trends in the use of carbon allotropes and their composites for environmental restoration and protection including synthesis, characterization and applications. Due to their huge surface area and numerous other distinguishing characteristics, nanostructure materials are widely used in a variety of applications. The production of substrates for better environmental protection and cleanup has been prompted by these qualities. They offer a superior surface for the adsorption of impurities and pollutants that contaminate industrial eff luents, wastewater, air, and soil. These all include a variety of harmful environmental substances such as toxic metals, phenolic compounds, dyes, and other substances that must be treated appropriately before being released into the environment. Composites made of highly efficient and relatively noble carbon allotropes are attracting significant attention for environmental protection and restoration. The use of carbon allotropes offers many benefits, including low cost, low toxicity, simple manufacture, and high efficiency. Therefore, they are ideal replacements for previously established materials. Carbon Allotropes and Composites is one of the first books on carbon allotropes and their composites in environmental protection and remediation, and features a description of CO2 capturing capability. Audience The book is designed for a broad audience working in the fields of materials science and engineering, nanotechnology, energy, environmental chemistry, environmental science, etc.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: For Dummies
• Seitenzahl: 416
• Erscheinungstermin: 24. Mai 2023
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781394167890
• Artikelnr.: 68207644

Autorenporträt

Chandrabhan Verma, PhD, works at the Interdisciplinary Center for Research in Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Saudi Arabia. He obtained his PhD in material science/chemistry at the Indian Institute of Technology, Varanasi, India. He is the Associate Editor-in- Chief of the Organic Chemistry Plus Journal. He has published many articles in international journals and has over 9000 citations. Dr. Verma has received several awards for his academic achievements. Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain, PhD, is an adjunct professor and director of laboratories in the Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science at the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), Newark, New Jersey, United States. His research is focused on the applications of nanotechnology and advanced materials, environmental management, analytical chemistry, and other various industries. Dr. Hussain is the author of numerous papers in peer-reviewed journals, as well as a prolific author and editor of around a hundred books.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xv

1 Preparation of Carbon Allotropes Using Different Methods 1
Omar Dagdag, Rajesh Haldhar, Seong-Cheol Kim, Elyor Berdimurodov, Sheerin Masroor, Ekemini D. Akpan and Eno E. Ebenso

Abbreviations 2

1.1 Introduction 2

1.2 Synthesis Methods 3

1.2.1 Synthesis of CNTs 3

1.2.1.1 Arc Discharge Method 3

1.2.1.2 Laser Ablation Method 4

1.2.1.3 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 5

1.2.1.4 Plasma-Enhanced CVD (PE-CVD) 7

1.2.2 Synthesis of CQDs 7

1.2.2.1 Arc Discharge 8

1.2.2.2 Laser Ablation 9

1.2.2.3 Acidic Oxidation 9

1.2.2.4 Combustion/Thermal Routes 10

1.2.2.5 Microwave Pyrolysis 10

1.2.2.6 Electrochemistry Method 10

1.2.2.7 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Synthesis 10

1.3 Conclusions 11

References 11

2 Carbon Allotrope Composites: Basics, Properties, and Applications 17
Sheerin Masroor

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 Allotropes of Carbon 18

2.3 Basics of Carbon Allotrope Composites and Their Properties 22

2.4 Composites of Graphite or Graphite Oxide (GO) 22

2.4.1 Applications of Graphite Oxide 24

2.5 Composites of Graphene 24

2.5.1 Applications of Graphene Oxide 24

2.6 Composite of Graphite-Carbon Nanotube (Gr-CNT)/ Polythene or Silicon 25

2.6.1 Applications of Graphite-Carbon Nanotube (Gr-CNT)/ Polythene or Silicon 26

2.7 Graphene (or Graphene Oxide)-Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) Composites 26

2.7.1 Applications of CNF Composites 26

2.8 Graphene-Fullerene Composites 26

2.8.1 Applications of Graphene-Fullerene Composites 26

2.9 Conclusion 27

References 27

3 Activation of Carbon Allotropes Through Covalent and Noncovalent Functionalization: Attempts in Modifying Properties for Enhanced Performance 31
Richika Ganjoo, Shveta Sharma and Ashish Kumar

3.1 Introduction 32

3.1.1 Carbon Allotropes: Fundamentals and Properties 32

3.1.1.1 Graphite 34

3.1.1.2 Diamond 34

3.1.1.3 Graphene 35

3.1.1.4 Activated Carbon 36

3.1.1.5 Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerene 36

3.1.2 Functionalization of Carbon Allotropes: Synthesis and Characterization 37

3.1.2.1 Covalent Functionalization of Carbon Allotropes: Synthesis and Characterization 38

3.1.2.2 Noncovalent Functionalization of Carbon Allotropes: Synthesis and Characterization 39

3.2 Applications of Functionalized Carbon Allotropes 42

3.2.1 Biomedical 42

3.2.2 Waste Treatment 43

3.2.3 Pollutants Decontamination 43

3.2.4 Anticorrosive 44

3.2.5 Tribological 44

3.2.6 Catalytic 45

3.2.7 Reinforced Materials 46

3.3 Conclusions and Future Directions 47

References 47

4 Carbon Allotropes in Lead Removal 51
Shippi Dewangan, Amarpreet K. Bhatia and Nishtha Vaidya

4.1 Introduction 52

4.2 Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) 55

4.3 Dimension-Based Types of Carbon Nanomaterials 55

4.4 Purification of Water Using Fullerenes 56

4.5 Application of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Water Purification 57

4.6 Application of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) in Water Purification 58

4.7 Conclusion 66

References 67

5 Carbon Allotropes in Nickel Removal 73
Amarpreet K. Bhatia, Nishtha Vaidya and Shippi Dewangan

5.1 Introduction 74

5.2 Carbon and Its Allotropes: As Remediation Technology for Ni 76

5.2.1 Nanotubes Based on Carbon 77

5.2.1.1 Overview 77
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