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Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 184. Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands examines the role that northern peatlands play in regulating the atmospheric carbon budget. It summarizes current research in four interconnected areas: large-scale peatland dynamics and carbon cycling; plant and microbial dynamics and their effect on carbon fluxes to the atmosphere; methane accumulation in, and loss from, peatlands; and water and dissolved carbon fluxes through peatlands. The volume highlights include * A thorough assessment of the…mehr
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 184. Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands examines the role that northern peatlands play in regulating the atmospheric carbon budget. It summarizes current research in four interconnected areas: large-scale peatland dynamics and carbon cycling; plant and microbial dynamics and their effect on carbon fluxes to the atmosphere; methane accumulation in, and loss from, peatlands; and water and dissolved carbon fluxes through peatlands. The volume highlights include * A thorough assessment of the challenges involved in incorporating carbon cycling in northern peatlands into global climate models; * A conceptual model to examine the partitioning of terminal carbon mineralization into production of CO2 and CH4; * A comprehensive review of the evidence for the accumulation of methane in deep and shallow peat; and * A description of the hydrologic changes induced by peat harvesting and associated challenges in restoring altered peatlands to their natural hydrologic regime. Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands will be of interest to research scientists and graduate and undergraduate students, particularly those who wish to know more about the role of peatlands in the global carbon cycle and their role as modifiers of climate.
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Autorenporträt
Andrew J. Baird and Lisa R. Belyea Belyea are the authors of Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands, published by Wiley.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface Lee D. Slater, Andrew J. Baird, Lisa R. Belyea, Xavier Comas, and A. S. Reeve vii Understanding Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands: Recent Developments and Future Prospects Andrew J. Baird, Xavier Comas, Lee D. Slater, Lisa R. Belyea, and A. S. Reeve 1 Section I: Large-Scale Peatland Dynamics and Carbon Cycling Nonlinear Dynamics of Peatlands and Potential Feedbacks on the Climate System Lisa R. Belyea 5 Issues Related to Incorporating Northern Peatlands Into Global Climate Models Steve Frolking, Nigel Roulet, and David Lawrence 19 Upscaling of Peatland-Atmosphere Fluxes of Methane: Small-Scale Heterogeneity in Process Rates and the Pitfalls of "Bucket-and-Slab" Models A. J. Baird, L. R. Belyea, and P. J. Morris 37 Sensitivity of Northern Peatland Carbon Dynamics to Holocene Climate Change Zicheng Yu, David W. Beilman, and Miriam C. Jones 55 Direct Human Impacts on the Peatland Carbon Sink Jukka Laine, Kari Minkkinen, and Carl Trettin 71 Section II: Near-Surface Processes of Peatland Carbon Cycling Northern Peatland Vegetation and the Carbon Cycle: A Remote Sensing Approach A. Harris and R. G. Bryant 79 Plant Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release in Peatlands Luca Bragazza, Alexandre Buttler, Andy Siegenthaler, and Edward A. D. Mitchell 99 Microbial Community Structure and Carbon Substrate Use in Northern Peatlands Rebekka R. E. Artz 111 Partitioning Litter Mass Loss Into Carbon Dioxide and Methane in Peatland Ecosystems M. Nilsson and M. Öquist 131 Section III: Methane Accumulation in, and Loss From, Peatlands Methane Accumulation and Release From Deep Peat: Measurements, Conceptual Models, and Biogeochemical Significance Paul H. Glaser and Jeffrey P. Chanton 145 Noninvasive Field-Scale Characterization of Gaseous-Phase Methane Dynamics in Peatlands Using the Ground-Penetrating Radar Method Xavier Comas and Lee D. Slater 159 Methane Dynamics in Peat: Importance of Shallow Peats and a Novel Reduced-Complexity Approach for Modeling Ebullition T. J. Coulthard, A. J. Baird, J. Ramirez, and J. M. Waddington 173 The Stable Carbon Isotope Composition of Methane Produced and Emitted From Northern Peatlands Edward R. C. Hornibrook 187 Laboratory Investigations of Methane Buildup in, and Release From, Shallow Peats Mikhail Mastepanov and Torben R. Christensen 205 Physical Controls on Ebullition Losses of Methane From Peatlands Takeshi Tokida, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki, and Masaru Mizoguchi 219 Section IV: Water and Dissolved Carbon Transfers Within and From Peatlands Dissolved Organic Carbon Production and Transport in Canadian Peatlands Tim R. Moore 229 Hydrological Controls on Dissolved Organic Carbon Production and Release From UK Peatlands Nathalie Fenner, Chris Freeman, and Fred Worrall 237 The Role of Natural Soil Pipes in Water and Carbon Transfer in and From Peatlands J. Holden, R. P. Smart, P. J. Chapman, A. J. Baird, and M. F. Billett 251 Improving Conceptual Models of Water and Carbon Transfer Through Peat Jeffrey M. McKenzie, Donald I. Siegel, and Donald O. Rosenberry 265 Water Relations in Cutover Peatlands Jonathan S. Price and Scott J. Ketcheson 277 The Influence of Permeable Mineral Lenses on Peatland Hydrology A. S. Reeve, Z. D. Tyczka, X. Comas, and L. D. Slater 289 Index 299
Preface Lee D. Slater, Andrew J. Baird, Lisa R. Belyea, Xavier Comas, and A. S. Reeve vii Understanding Carbon Cycling in Northern Peatlands: Recent Developments and Future Prospects Andrew J. Baird, Xavier Comas, Lee D. Slater, Lisa R. Belyea, and A. S. Reeve 1 Section I: Large-Scale Peatland Dynamics and Carbon Cycling Nonlinear Dynamics of Peatlands and Potential Feedbacks on the Climate System Lisa R. Belyea 5 Issues Related to Incorporating Northern Peatlands Into Global Climate Models Steve Frolking, Nigel Roulet, and David Lawrence 19 Upscaling of Peatland-Atmosphere Fluxes of Methane: Small-Scale Heterogeneity in Process Rates and the Pitfalls of "Bucket-and-Slab" Models A. J. Baird, L. R. Belyea, and P. J. Morris 37 Sensitivity of Northern Peatland Carbon Dynamics to Holocene Climate Change Zicheng Yu, David W. Beilman, and Miriam C. Jones 55 Direct Human Impacts on the Peatland Carbon Sink Jukka Laine, Kari Minkkinen, and Carl Trettin 71 Section II: Near-Surface Processes of Peatland Carbon Cycling Northern Peatland Vegetation and the Carbon Cycle: A Remote Sensing Approach A. Harris and R. G. Bryant 79 Plant Litter Decomposition and Nutrient Release in Peatlands Luca Bragazza, Alexandre Buttler, Andy Siegenthaler, and Edward A. D. Mitchell 99 Microbial Community Structure and Carbon Substrate Use in Northern Peatlands Rebekka R. E. Artz 111 Partitioning Litter Mass Loss Into Carbon Dioxide and Methane in Peatland Ecosystems M. Nilsson and M. Öquist 131 Section III: Methane Accumulation in, and Loss From, Peatlands Methane Accumulation and Release From Deep Peat: Measurements, Conceptual Models, and Biogeochemical Significance Paul H. Glaser and Jeffrey P. Chanton 145 Noninvasive Field-Scale Characterization of Gaseous-Phase Methane Dynamics in Peatlands Using the Ground-Penetrating Radar Method Xavier Comas and Lee D. Slater 159 Methane Dynamics in Peat: Importance of Shallow Peats and a Novel Reduced-Complexity Approach for Modeling Ebullition T. J. Coulthard, A. J. Baird, J. Ramirez, and J. M. Waddington 173 The Stable Carbon Isotope Composition of Methane Produced and Emitted From Northern Peatlands Edward R. C. Hornibrook 187 Laboratory Investigations of Methane Buildup in, and Release From, Shallow Peats Mikhail Mastepanov and Torben R. Christensen 205 Physical Controls on Ebullition Losses of Methane From Peatlands Takeshi Tokida, Tsuyoshi Miyazaki, and Masaru Mizoguchi 219 Section IV: Water and Dissolved Carbon Transfers Within and From Peatlands Dissolved Organic Carbon Production and Transport in Canadian Peatlands Tim R. Moore 229 Hydrological Controls on Dissolved Organic Carbon Production and Release From UK Peatlands Nathalie Fenner, Chris Freeman, and Fred Worrall 237 The Role of Natural Soil Pipes in Water and Carbon Transfer in and From Peatlands J. Holden, R. P. Smart, P. J. Chapman, A. J. Baird, and M. F. Billett 251 Improving Conceptual Models of Water and Carbon Transfer Through Peat Jeffrey M. McKenzie, Donald I. Siegel, and Donald O. Rosenberry 265 Water Relations in Cutover Peatlands Jonathan S. Price and Scott J. Ketcheson 277 The Influence of Permeable Mineral Lenses on Peatland Hydrology A. S. Reeve, Z. D. Tyczka, X. Comas, and L. D. Slater 289 Index 299
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