Markus Wolfensberger, Anthony Wrigley
Distrust, Fear, and Science-Denial in Medicine and Healthcare (eBook, PDF)
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Markus Wolfensberger, Anthony Wrigley
Distrust, Fear, and Science-Denial in Medicine and Healthcare (eBook, PDF)
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This book analyses the decline of trust, mounting of fears, and increasing denial of science and looks at their role in medicine and healthcare, both in terms of the patient-physician relationship and for delivering high-quality healthcare, in order to establish why we need trust and what can be done to restore it.
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This book analyses the decline of trust, mounting of fears, and increasing denial of science and looks at their role in medicine and healthcare, both in terms of the patient-physician relationship and for delivering high-quality healthcare, in order to establish why we need trust and what can be done to restore it.
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Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 160
- Erscheinungstermin: 15. Oktober 2024
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781040164518
- Artikelnr.: 72274483
- Verlag: Taylor & Francis
- Seitenzahl: 160
- Erscheinungstermin: 15. Oktober 2024
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781040164518
- Artikelnr.: 72274483
Markus Wolfensberger is Emeritus Professor of Otorhinolaryngology and Doctor of medical ethics. He has held positions as Head of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Director of the Head and Neck Tumour Centre at Basel University Hospital, Switzerland.
Anthony Wrigley is Professor of Ethics at the University of Keele, U.K. He specialises in bioethics and applied ethics. Much of his work focuses on ethical and policy issues on the margins of life (beginnings and ends) and the analysis of concepts used in bioethical debate, such as vulnerability, hope, and trust.
Anthony Wrigley is Professor of Ethics at the University of Keele, U.K. He specialises in bioethics and applied ethics. Much of his work focuses on ethical and policy issues on the margins of life (beginnings and ends) and the analysis of concepts used in bioethical debate, such as vulnerability, hope, and trust.
Preface xi Synopsis xiii Acknowledgements xv About the authors xvi
Introduction 1 PART I Definitions: of trust, hope, fear, belief, and some
related concepts 3 1 Trust, mistrust, and distrust 5 1.1 The concept of
pattern-based definitions 6 1.2 The pattern of the features of trust in
physicians 8 1.3 Trust as expectation 9 1.4 Trust as relationship 12 1.5
Uncertainty and risk 12 1.6 Trust as choice 14 1.7 Justification of trust
I: epistemic trust 16 1.8 Justification of trust II: trust in physicians 21
1.9 Trust versus confidence 27 1.10 Distrust and mistrust 29 2 Hope, fear,
and despair 33 2.1 Hope 33 2.2 Fear 34 2.3 A word on despair 36viii
Contents 3 Belief, doubt, and disbelief 37 3.1 Belief 37 3.2 Disbelief 38
3.3 Doubt 39 3.4 Belief versus knowledge 39 3.5 Trust or not trust? trust
versus confidence, hope and belief 42 PART II Explanations: of the decline
of trust and the rise of fear and science-denial 45 Introduction 47 4 The
value of trust 48 4.1 Trust is instrumentally useful . . . 48 4.2 . . . and
has a moral worth 51 5 Empirical evidence for the decline of trust in
physicians 58 6 Reasons for the decline of trust in physicians 61 6.1 The
loss of status-based trust 62 6.2 The difficulty of establishing
merit-based trust by assessing physicians' trustworthiness 66 6.3 Changed
perceptions of competence 68 6.4 Changed perceptions of commitment 72 6.5
Changes of risk awareness and risk acceptance and the rise of fear 74 7 The
rejection of science and reason 84 7.1 The role of science in
differentiation between true and false beliefs 84 7.2 The denial of science
and the rise of pseudoscience 89 7.3 Discrediting scientific medicine and
the rise of alternative medicine 96 8 From justified fears to irrational
beliefs and conspiracy theories 102 9 'Why can't people be more like us?'
on relativist, postmodernist, subjectivist, post-truth, anti-scientific,
and anti-expert thinking 109 PART III Suggestions: Regarding the
restoration of trust and the countering of fear, science-denial, and
pseudoscience 113 Introduction 115 10 Dispelling two illusions regarding
the restoration of trust 117 10.1 The illusion of a possible return to
status trust - and why external regulations are not sufficient 117 10.2 Why
no contract can replace trust 119 11 How to establish and maintain trust
122 11.1 It always takes two to trust: how to build a trust-based
relationship between patient and physician 122 11.2 Why being trustworthy
is not enough: how to signal trustworthiness 123 11.3 Trust in managed care
128 12 Countering fear, science-denial, and pseudoscience 132 12.1 Fear 132
12.2 Science-denial and the rise of pseudoscience 135 Epilogue 139 Index
142
Introduction 1 PART I Definitions: of trust, hope, fear, belief, and some
related concepts 3 1 Trust, mistrust, and distrust 5 1.1 The concept of
pattern-based definitions 6 1.2 The pattern of the features of trust in
physicians 8 1.3 Trust as expectation 9 1.4 Trust as relationship 12 1.5
Uncertainty and risk 12 1.6 Trust as choice 14 1.7 Justification of trust
I: epistemic trust 16 1.8 Justification of trust II: trust in physicians 21
1.9 Trust versus confidence 27 1.10 Distrust and mistrust 29 2 Hope, fear,
and despair 33 2.1 Hope 33 2.2 Fear 34 2.3 A word on despair 36viii
Contents 3 Belief, doubt, and disbelief 37 3.1 Belief 37 3.2 Disbelief 38
3.3 Doubt 39 3.4 Belief versus knowledge 39 3.5 Trust or not trust? trust
versus confidence, hope and belief 42 PART II Explanations: of the decline
of trust and the rise of fear and science-denial 45 Introduction 47 4 The
value of trust 48 4.1 Trust is instrumentally useful . . . 48 4.2 . . . and
has a moral worth 51 5 Empirical evidence for the decline of trust in
physicians 58 6 Reasons for the decline of trust in physicians 61 6.1 The
loss of status-based trust 62 6.2 The difficulty of establishing
merit-based trust by assessing physicians' trustworthiness 66 6.3 Changed
perceptions of competence 68 6.4 Changed perceptions of commitment 72 6.5
Changes of risk awareness and risk acceptance and the rise of fear 74 7 The
rejection of science and reason 84 7.1 The role of science in
differentiation between true and false beliefs 84 7.2 The denial of science
and the rise of pseudoscience 89 7.3 Discrediting scientific medicine and
the rise of alternative medicine 96 8 From justified fears to irrational
beliefs and conspiracy theories 102 9 'Why can't people be more like us?'
on relativist, postmodernist, subjectivist, post-truth, anti-scientific,
and anti-expert thinking 109 PART III Suggestions: Regarding the
restoration of trust and the countering of fear, science-denial, and
pseudoscience 113 Introduction 115 10 Dispelling two illusions regarding
the restoration of trust 117 10.1 The illusion of a possible return to
status trust - and why external regulations are not sufficient 117 10.2 Why
no contract can replace trust 119 11 How to establish and maintain trust
122 11.1 It always takes two to trust: how to build a trust-based
relationship between patient and physician 122 11.2 Why being trustworthy
is not enough: how to signal trustworthiness 123 11.3 Trust in managed care
128 12 Countering fear, science-denial, and pseudoscience 132 12.1 Fear 132
12.2 Science-denial and the rise of pseudoscience 135 Epilogue 139 Index
142
Preface xi Synopsis xiii Acknowledgements xv About the authors xvi
Introduction 1 PART I Definitions: of trust, hope, fear, belief, and some
related concepts 3 1 Trust, mistrust, and distrust 5 1.1 The concept of
pattern-based definitions 6 1.2 The pattern of the features of trust in
physicians 8 1.3 Trust as expectation 9 1.4 Trust as relationship 12 1.5
Uncertainty and risk 12 1.6 Trust as choice 14 1.7 Justification of trust
I: epistemic trust 16 1.8 Justification of trust II: trust in physicians 21
1.9 Trust versus confidence 27 1.10 Distrust and mistrust 29 2 Hope, fear,
and despair 33 2.1 Hope 33 2.2 Fear 34 2.3 A word on despair 36viii
Contents 3 Belief, doubt, and disbelief 37 3.1 Belief 37 3.2 Disbelief 38
3.3 Doubt 39 3.4 Belief versus knowledge 39 3.5 Trust or not trust? trust
versus confidence, hope and belief 42 PART II Explanations: of the decline
of trust and the rise of fear and science-denial 45 Introduction 47 4 The
value of trust 48 4.1 Trust is instrumentally useful . . . 48 4.2 . . . and
has a moral worth 51 5 Empirical evidence for the decline of trust in
physicians 58 6 Reasons for the decline of trust in physicians 61 6.1 The
loss of status-based trust 62 6.2 The difficulty of establishing
merit-based trust by assessing physicians' trustworthiness 66 6.3 Changed
perceptions of competence 68 6.4 Changed perceptions of commitment 72 6.5
Changes of risk awareness and risk acceptance and the rise of fear 74 7 The
rejection of science and reason 84 7.1 The role of science in
differentiation between true and false beliefs 84 7.2 The denial of science
and the rise of pseudoscience 89 7.3 Discrediting scientific medicine and
the rise of alternative medicine 96 8 From justified fears to irrational
beliefs and conspiracy theories 102 9 'Why can't people be more like us?'
on relativist, postmodernist, subjectivist, post-truth, anti-scientific,
and anti-expert thinking 109 PART III Suggestions: Regarding the
restoration of trust and the countering of fear, science-denial, and
pseudoscience 113 Introduction 115 10 Dispelling two illusions regarding
the restoration of trust 117 10.1 The illusion of a possible return to
status trust - and why external regulations are not sufficient 117 10.2 Why
no contract can replace trust 119 11 How to establish and maintain trust
122 11.1 It always takes two to trust: how to build a trust-based
relationship between patient and physician 122 11.2 Why being trustworthy
is not enough: how to signal trustworthiness 123 11.3 Trust in managed care
128 12 Countering fear, science-denial, and pseudoscience 132 12.1 Fear 132
12.2 Science-denial and the rise of pseudoscience 135 Epilogue 139 Index
142
Introduction 1 PART I Definitions: of trust, hope, fear, belief, and some
related concepts 3 1 Trust, mistrust, and distrust 5 1.1 The concept of
pattern-based definitions 6 1.2 The pattern of the features of trust in
physicians 8 1.3 Trust as expectation 9 1.4 Trust as relationship 12 1.5
Uncertainty and risk 12 1.6 Trust as choice 14 1.7 Justification of trust
I: epistemic trust 16 1.8 Justification of trust II: trust in physicians 21
1.9 Trust versus confidence 27 1.10 Distrust and mistrust 29 2 Hope, fear,
and despair 33 2.1 Hope 33 2.2 Fear 34 2.3 A word on despair 36viii
Contents 3 Belief, doubt, and disbelief 37 3.1 Belief 37 3.2 Disbelief 38
3.3 Doubt 39 3.4 Belief versus knowledge 39 3.5 Trust or not trust? trust
versus confidence, hope and belief 42 PART II Explanations: of the decline
of trust and the rise of fear and science-denial 45 Introduction 47 4 The
value of trust 48 4.1 Trust is instrumentally useful . . . 48 4.2 . . . and
has a moral worth 51 5 Empirical evidence for the decline of trust in
physicians 58 6 Reasons for the decline of trust in physicians 61 6.1 The
loss of status-based trust 62 6.2 The difficulty of establishing
merit-based trust by assessing physicians' trustworthiness 66 6.3 Changed
perceptions of competence 68 6.4 Changed perceptions of commitment 72 6.5
Changes of risk awareness and risk acceptance and the rise of fear 74 7 The
rejection of science and reason 84 7.1 The role of science in
differentiation between true and false beliefs 84 7.2 The denial of science
and the rise of pseudoscience 89 7.3 Discrediting scientific medicine and
the rise of alternative medicine 96 8 From justified fears to irrational
beliefs and conspiracy theories 102 9 'Why can't people be more like us?'
on relativist, postmodernist, subjectivist, post-truth, anti-scientific,
and anti-expert thinking 109 PART III Suggestions: Regarding the
restoration of trust and the countering of fear, science-denial, and
pseudoscience 113 Introduction 115 10 Dispelling two illusions regarding
the restoration of trust 117 10.1 The illusion of a possible return to
status trust - and why external regulations are not sufficient 117 10.2 Why
no contract can replace trust 119 11 How to establish and maintain trust
122 11.1 It always takes two to trust: how to build a trust-based
relationship between patient and physician 122 11.2 Why being trustworthy
is not enough: how to signal trustworthiness 123 11.3 Trust in managed care
128 12 Countering fear, science-denial, and pseudoscience 132 12.1 Fear 132
12.2 Science-denial and the rise of pseudoscience 135 Epilogue 139 Index
142