Lauren R. Eichstadt Forsythe, Alexandria E. Gochenauer

Drug Compounding for Veterinary Professionals (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Drug Compounding for Veterinary Professionals Safely, effectively, and legally tailor drug treatments to the needs of your specific veterinary patients with this accessible guide Drug Compounding for Veterinary Professionals provides an accessible, easy-to-use guide to all aspects of prescribing individualized mixtures of medications in veterinary practice. Its emphasis on practical knowledge and its discussion of both in-house and external options make it a comprehensive introduction to using compounded medications in animals. It guides practitioners through every step of the process, from formulating a compound to working with outside pharmacists. The book presents guidance on how to get more information on current regulations, consider the risks and benefits, develop formulations, and more. Drug Compounding for Veterinary Professionals readers will also find: * Figures and line drawings illustrating effective compounding techniques and concepts * An emphasis on practical knowledge for clinical use * Answers to frequently asked questions about drug compounding Drug Compounding for Veterinary Professionals is essential for any veterinary practitioner, veterinary pharmacologist, or student looking to understand this crucial component of patient care.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 176
• Erscheinungstermin: 14. Juni 2023
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119764984
• Artikelnr.: 68539096

Autorenporträt

The authors Lauren R. Eichstadt Forsythe, PharmD, DICVP, is a Clinical Assistant Professor and the Pharmacy Service Head at the University of Illinois Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Urbana, Illinois, USA. Alexandria E. Gochenauer, PharmD, DICVP, is a clinical staff pharmacist at the University of Illinois Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Inhaltsangabe

Foreword xi

Preface xiii

List of Acronyms xiv

About the Companion Website xvi

Introduction xvii

1 Compounding Regulations 1

Organizations and Regulatory Agencies Involved with Compounding 3

Food and Drug Administration 3

United States Pharmacopeia 3

Drug Enforcement Administration 5

State Boards of Pharmacy 6

State Veterinary Boards 6

Compliance Policy Guides and Guidance for Industry Documents 6

What Is Compounding? 7

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 9

Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act 9

Preparing Compounds from an Approved Product or a Pure Drug Powder 10

Federal Versus State Law 11

Office Use Compounding 12

Drug Quality and Security Act 13

Finding Additional Information 13

2 Risk-Benefit Analysis of Compounded Medications 17

Benefits of Compounded Products 17

Dosage Form 17

Flavoring 20

Dosage Strength 20

Eliminating Ingredients 21

Availability Issues 22

Appropriate Use of Compounded Medications 22

FDA-Approved Drugs 23

Compounded Medication Risks 25

Compounded (USP) Versus Manufactured (cGMP) 26

Risks Associated with Compounded Medications - A Look at the Literature 28

Studies Showing Incorrect Potency 28

Studies Showing Lack of Stability 31

Studies Showing Lack of Efficacy 31

Risks Associated with Specific Types of Compounds 32

Active Ingredient Source Decisions 34

Patient-Specific Compounding Versus Office Use Compounding 35

Adverse Event Reporting 36

Identifying Potential Formulation Issues 37

Drug Recalls 38

Selecting a Compounding Pharmacy 39

Client Education 40

Reducing Risk in Practice 40

Conclusion 41

3 Beyond-Use Dating 45

Factors Considered When Assigning BUDs and Expiration Dates 45

USP Default BUDs 48

Stability Studies 49

Evaluating Stability Studies 50

Determining BUDs for In-House Formulations 51

BUD Considerations When Prescribing Compounded Medications 52

Conclusion 53

4 Identifying High-Quality Compounding Pharmacies 55

Case Study 1 55

Case Study 2 58

What to Evaluate 59

General Practices 59

Staff Skill Level 61

Familiarity with Veterinary Medicine 61

Pharmacy Culture 61

Ways to Evaluate Compounding Pharmacies 62

Looking Beyond the Pharmacy's Website 63

What to Look for on a Tour 65

Questions to Ask the Pharmacist in Charge 65

Conclusion 67

5 Formulation Development 69

Dosage Forms 69

Oral Administration 69

Oral Solutions 69

Oral Suspensions 70

Oral Syrups 70

Oral Capsules 71

Oral Tablets 72

Oral Treats 73

Oral Emulsions 73

Oral Pastes 74

Oral Powders 74

Transdermal Administration 74

Topical Administration 75

Topical Solutions 75

Topical Ointments 76

Topical Shampoos 76

Topical Mousses 76

Topical Emulsions 76

Topical Creams 77

Topical Gels 77

Otic Administration 77

Otic Solutions 77

Otic Suspensions 77

Otic Ointments 78

Other Routes of Administration 78

Rectal Solutions 78

Intranasal Solutions 78