Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism / Encyclopedia of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

This reference encompasses the fields of Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism in a single volume. Both sciences have applications in navigation, in the search for minerals and hydrocarbons, in dating rock sequences, and in unraveling past geologic movements such as plate motions they have contributed to a better understanding of the Earth. The book describes in fine detail the current state of knowledge and provides an up-to-date synthesis of the most basic concepts. It is an indispensable working tool not only for geophysicists and geophysics students but also for geologists, physicists, atmospheric and environmental scientists, and engineers.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer / Springer Netherland
• Erscheinungstermin: 19. Juli 2007
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781402044236
• Artikelnr.: 37357389

Autorenporträt

David Gubbins is Research Professor of Earth Sciences in the School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, UK. He did his PhD on geomagnetic dynamos in Cambridge, supervised by Sir Edward Bullard (qv.) and has worked in the USA and in Cambridge before moving to Leeds in 1989. His work has included dynamo theory and its connection with the Earth's thermal history, modelling the Earth's magnetic field from historical measurements, and recently the interpretation of paleomagnetic data. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society and has been awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society and the John Adam Fleming (qv.) Medal of the American Geophysical Union for original research and leadership in geomagnetism. Emilio Herrero-Bervera is Research Professor of Geophysics at the School of Ocean Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) within the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) of the University of Hawaii at Manoa, where he is the head of the Paleomagnetics and Petrofabrics Laboratory. During his career he has published over 90 papers in professional journals including Nature, JGR, EPSL, JVGR. He has worked in such diverse fields as volcanology, sedimentology, plate tectonics and has done field work on 5 continents

Inhaltsangabe

Aeromagnetic surveying Agricola, Georgius (1494–1555) Alfvén waves Alfvén, Hannes Olof Gösta (1908–1995) Alfvén's theorem and the frozen flux approximation Anelastic and Boussinesq approximations Anisotropy, electrical Anti-dynamo and bounding theorems Archaeology, magnetic methods Archaeomagnetism Auroral oval Baked contact test Bangui anomaly Barlow, Peter (1776–1862) Bartels, Julius (1899–1964) Bauer, Louis Agricola (1865–1932) Bemmelen, Willem van (1868–1941) Benton, Edward R. (1934–1992) Bingham statistics Biomagnetism Blackett, Patrick Maynard Stuart, Baron of Chelsea (1897–1974) Bullard, Edward Crisp (1907–1980) Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism Carnegie, research vessel CHAMP Chapman, Sydney (1888–1970) Coast effect of induced currents Compass Conductivity geothermometer Conductivity, ocean floor measurements Convection, chemical Convection, non-magnetic rotating Core composition Core convection Core density Core motions Core origin Core properties, physical Core properties, theoretical determination Core temperature Core turbulence Core viscosity Core, adiabatic gradient Core, boundary layers Core, electrical conductivity Core, magnetic instabilities Core, thermal conduction Core-based inversions for the main geomagnetic field Core-mantle boundary topography, implications for dynamics Core-mantle boundary topography, seismology Core-mantle boundary, heat flow across Core-mantle coupling, electromagnetic Core-mantle coupling, thermal Core-mantle coupling, topographic Cowling, Thomas George (1906–1990) Cowling's Theorem Cox, Allan V. (1926–1987) Crustal magnetic field D'' and F Layers of the Earth D'' as a boundary layer D'', anisotropy D'', composition D'', seismic properties Della Porta, Giambattista (1535–1615) Demagnetization Depth to Curie temperature Dipole moment variation Dynamo waves Dynamo, Backus Dynamo, Braginsky Dynamo, Bullard-Gellman Dynamo, disk Dynamo, Gailitis Dynamo, Herzenberg Dynamo, Lowes-Wilkinson Dynamo, Model-Z Dynamo, Ponomarenko Dynamo, solar Dynamos, experimental Dynamos, fast Dynamos, kinematic Dynamos, mean field Dynamos, periodic Dynamos, planetary and satellite Earth structure, major divisions Elsasser, Walter M. (?–1991) EM modeling, forward EM modeling, inverse EM, industrial uses EM, lake bottom measurements EM, land uses EM, regional studies EM, tectonic interpretations Environmental magnetism Environmental magnetism, paleomagnetic applications Equilibration of magnetic field, weak and strong field dynamos Euler deconvolution First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams Fisher statistics Fleming, John Adam (1877–1855) Fluid dynamics experiments Galvanic distortion Gauss' determination of absolute intensity Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777–1855) Gellibrand, Henry (1597–1636) Geocentric axial dipole hypothesis Geodynamo Geodynamo, dimensional analysis and timescales Geodynamo, energy sources Geodynamo, numerical simulations Geodynamo, symmetry properties Geomagnetic deep sounding Geomagnetic dipole field Geomagnetic excursion Geomagnetic field, asymmetries Geomagnetic hazards Geomagnetic jerks Geomagnetic polarity reversals Geomagnetic polarity reversals, observations Geomagnetic polarity timescales Geomagnetic pulsations Geomagnetic reversal sequence, statistical structure Geomagnetic reversals, archives Geomagnetic secular variation Geomagnetic spectrum, spatial Geomagnetic spectrum, temporal Geomagnetism, history of Gilbert William (1544–1603) Gravitational torque Gravity-inertio waves and inertial oscillations Grüneisen's parameter for iron and Earth's core Halley, Edmond (1656–1742) Hansteen, Christopher (1784–1873) Harmonics, spherical Harmonics, spherical cap Hartmann, Georg (1489–1564) Helioseismology Higgins-Kennedy paradox Humboldt, Alexander von (1759–1859) Humboldt, Alexander von and magnetic storms IAGA, International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Ideal solution theory IGRF, International Geomagnetic Reference Field Induction arrows Induction from satellite data Inhomogeneous boundary conditions and the dynamo Inner core anisotropy Inner core composition Inner core oscillation Inner core rotation Inner core rotational dynamics Inner core seismic velocities Inner core tangent cylinder Inner core, PKJKP Instrumentation, history of Interiors of planets and satellites Internal external field separation Ionosphere Iron sulphides Jesuits, role in geomagnetism Kircher, Athanasius (1602–1680) Langel, Robert A. (1937–2000) Laplace's equation, uniqueness of solutions Larmor, Joseph (1857–1942) Lehmann, Inge (1888–1993) Length of day variations, decadal Length of day variations, long term Lloyd, Humphrey (1808–1881) Magnetic anisotropy, sedimentary rocks and strain alteration Magnetic anomalies for geology and resources Magnetic anomalies, long wavelength Magnetic anomalies, marine Magnetic anomalies, modeling Magnetic domain Magnetic field of Mars Magnetic field of Sun Magnetic indices Magnetic mineralogy, changes due to heating Magnetic properties, low-temperature Magnetic proxy parameters Magnetic remanence, anisotropy Magnetic shielding Magnetic surveys, marine Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy, effects of heating Magnetic susceptibility, anisotropy, rock fabric Magnetic susceptibility, low-field Magnetization, anhysteretic remanent (ARM) Magnetization, chemical remanent (CRM) Magnetization, depositional remanent (DRM) Magnetization, isothermal remanent (IRM) Magnetization, natural remanent (NRM) Magnetization, oceanic crust Magnetization, piezo-remanent Magnetization, remanent, application Magnetization, remanent, fold test Magnetization, thermoremanent (TRM) Magnetization, thermoremanent, in minerals Magnetization, viscous remanent (VRM) Magnetoconvection Magnetohydrodynamic waves Magnetohydrodynamics Magnetometers, laboratory Magnetosphere of the Earth Magnetostratigraphy Magnetotellurics Magsat Main field maps Main field modelling Main field, ellipticity correction Mantle, electrical conductivity, mineralogy Mantle, thermal conductivity Marine controlled source EM Matuyama, Motonori (1884–1958) Melting temperature of iron in the core, experimental Melting temperature of iron in the core, theory Microwave palaeomagnetic technique Nagata, Takesi (1913–1991) Natural sources for EM induction studies Neél, Louis (1904–2000) Non-dipole field Non-dynamo theories Norman, Robert (1560–1585) Observatories, overview Observatories instrumentation Observatories automation Observatories, intermagnet Observatories programme in Australia Observatories programme in the British Isles Observatories programme in France Observatories programme in USA Observatories in Antarctica Observatories in Benelux countries Observatories in Canada Observatories in China Observatories in East and Central Europe Observatories in Germany Observatories in India Observatories in Italy Observatories in Japan and Asia Observatories in Latin America Observatories in New Zealand and the South Pacific Observatories in Nordic countries Observatories in Russia Observatories in southern Africa Observatories in Spain Ocean, electromagnetic effects Oldham, Richard Dixon (1858–1936) Ørsted, Hans Christian (1777–1851) Oscillations, torsional Paleointensity, absolute, determination Paleointensity, absolute, techniques Paleointensity, relative, in sediments Paleomagnetic field collection methods Paleomagnetic secular variation Paleomagnetism Paleomagnetism, deep-sea sediments Paleomagnetism, extraterrestrial Paleomagnetism, orogenic belts Parkinson, Wilfred Dudley (1919–2001) Peregrinus, Petrus (c. 1220–?) Periodic external fields Plate tectonics, China POGO (OGO-2, -4 and -6 spacecraft) Polarity transition, paleomagnetic record Polarity transitions Pole, paleomagnetic Potential vorticity and potential magnetic field theorems Precession and core dynamics Price, Albert Thomas (1903–1978) Principal component analysis in paleomagnetism Project MAGNET Proudman-Taylor theorem Radioactive isotopes, their decay in mantle and core Reduction to pole Repeat stations Reversals, theory Rikitake, Tsuneji (1921–?) Ring current Robust electromagnetic transfer functions estimates Rock magnetism Rock magnetism, hysteresis measurements Rock magnetometer, superconducting Runcorn, S. Keith (1922–1995) Runcorn's theorem Sabine, Edward (1788–1883) Seamount magnetism Secular variation model SEDI Seismic phases Seismo-electromagnetic effects Shaw and microwave methods, absolute paleointensity determination Shock wave experiments Spinner magnetometer Statistical methods for paleovector analysis Storms and substorms, magnetic Stress demagnetization Superchrons, changes in reversal frequency Susceptibility Susceptibility, measurements of solids Susceptibility, parameters, anisotropy Taylor's condition Thellier, Émile (1904–1987) Thermal wind Time-averaged paleomagnetic field Time-dependent models of the geomagnetic field Transfer functions Transient EM induction True polar wander ULVZ, ultra-low velocity zone Units Upward and downward continuation Variable field translation balance Verhoogen, John (1912–1993) Vine-Matthews-Morley hypothesis Volcano-electromagnetic effects Voyages making geomagnetic measurements Watkins, Norman David (1934–1977) Westward drift