Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments / Encyclopedia of Paleoclimatology and Ancient Environments (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

One of Springer’s Major Reference Works, this book gives the reader a truly global perspective. It is the first major reference work in its field. Paleoclimate topics covered in the encyclopedia give the reader the capability to place the observations of recent global warming in the context of longer-term natural climate fluctuations. Significant elements of the encyclopedia include recent developments in paleoclimate modeling, paleo-ocean circulation, as well as the influence of geological processes and biological feedbacks on global climate change. The encyclopedia gives the reader an entry point into the literature on these and many other groundbreaking topics.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer / Springer Netherland
• Erscheinungstermin: 30. Januar 2009
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781402044113
• Artikelnr.: 37355230

Autorenporträt

Vivien Gornitz, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Center for Climate Systems Research, Columbia University, New York, USA

Inhaltsangabe

List of Contributors.- Preface.- Acknowledgments.- Abrupt climate change.- Aerosols (mineral).- Albedo (feedbacks).- Alkenones.- Animal proxies, invertebrates.- Animal proxies, vertebrates.- Anoxic events.- Antarctica, glaciation history.- Antarctic Bottom Water and climate change.- Antarctic Cold Reversal.- Antarctic sea ice history, Late Quaternary.- Archean environments.- Archeological data and climate change.- Arctic sea ice.- Arid climates and indicators.- Astronomical theory of climate change.- Atmospheric circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum.- Atmospheric evolution, Earth.- Atmospheric evolution, Mars.- Atmospheric evolution, Venus.- Banded iron formations and the early atmosphere.- Basal ice.- Beachrock.- Beetles as Quaternary and Late Tertiary climate indicators.- Beryllium-10.- Binge/purge model of ice sheet dynamics.- Bolide impacts and climate.- Bølling-Allerød interstadial.- Borehole climatology: climate change from geothermal data.- Carbon cycle.- Carbon dioxide, dissolved (ocean).- Carbon dioxide and methane, Quaternary variations.- Carbon isotopes, stable.- Carbon isotope variations over geologic time.- Carbonate compensation depth.- Carbonates, cool water.- Carbonates, warm water.- Cenozoic climate and long-term cooling.- Cirques.- CLAMP (Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program).- CLIMAP.- Climate change, causes.- Climate forcing.- Climate variability, last 1000 years.- Coal beds, origin and climate.- Coastal environments.- Coccoliths.- COHMAP.- Continental sediments.- Corals and coral reefs.- Cordilleran ice sheet.- Cosmogenic radionuclides.- Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary.- Cretaceous warm climates.- Cryosphere.- Cyclic sedimentation (cyclothems).- Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles.- Dating, amino acid geochronology.- Dating, biostratigraphic methods.- Dating, dendrochronology.- Dating, fission tracks.- Dating, luminescence techniques.- Dating, magnetostratigraphy.- Dating, radiometric methods.- Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP).- Deltaic sediments, climate records.- Dendroclimatology.- Desert varnish as climate proxy.- Deuterium, deuterium excess.- Diamicton.- Diatoms.- Dinoflagellates.- Dole effect.- Drumlins.- Duricrusts.- Dust transport, Quaternary.- Earth laws and climatology.- Early Paleozoic climates (Cambrian-Devonian).- Eccentricity, earth’s orbit.- Eemian (Sangamonian) interglacial.- Electrical conductivity.- Eolian dust, marine sediments.- Eolian sediments and processes.- Eolianite.- Eskers.- Evaporites.- Evolution and climate change.- Faint Young Sun Paradox.- Flood basalts, climatic implications.- Foraminifera.- Geochemical proxies (non-isotopic).- Glacial erratic.- Glacial eustasy.- Glacial geomorphology.- Glacial isostasy.- Glacial.- megalakes.- Glacial sediments.- Glaciations, pre-Quaternary.- Glaciations, Quaternary.- Glaciofluvial sediments.- Glaciomarine sediments.- Glendonite/ikaite.- "Greenhouse" (warm) climates.- Heat transports, oceanic and atmospheric.- Heinrich events.- History of Paleoclimatology.- Holocene climates.- Holocene treeline fluctuations.- Hypsithermal.- Human evolution and climate change.- Ice cores, Antarctica and Greenland.- Ice cores, mountain glaciers.- "Icehouse" (cold) climates.- Ice-rafted debris (IRD).- Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP).- Interstadials.- Iron and climate change.- Isotopic fractionation.- Kames.- Kettles.- Lacustrine sediments.- Lake level variations.- Late Glacial Maximum.- Last Glacial Termination.- Laterite.- Late Paleozoic climates.- Late Quaternary-Holocene vegetation modeling.- Late Quaternary megafloods.- Laurentide ice sheet.- Little Ice Age.- Loess deposits.- Marine biogenic sediments.- Marine carbon geochemistry.- Marine clay minerals.- Marine non-biogenic (inorganic) sediments.- Mars: water and past climates.- Mass extinctions: role of Climate.- Maunder minimum.- Medieval warm period.- Mesozoic climates.- Messinian salinity crisis.- Methane hydrates, carbon cycling, and environmental change.- Mid-Pliocene warming.- Millennial climate variability.- Mineral indicators of past climates.- Monsoons, Pre-Quaternary.- Monsoons, Quaternary.- Moraines.- Mountain.- glaciers,.- Mountain uplift and climate change.- Nearest-living-relative method.- Neogene climates.- Nitrogen isotopes.- North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) records.- North Atlantic Deep Water and climate change.- Obliquity, earth’s orbit.- Ocean Drilling Program (ODP).- Ocean paleocirculation.- Ocean paleoproductivity.- Ocean paleotemperatures.- Organic geochemical proxies.- Ostracodes.- Outwash plains.- Oxygen isotopes.- PAGES.- aleobotany.- Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.- Paleoclimate modeling, Quaternary.- Paleoclimate modeling, pre-Quaternary.- Paleoclimate proxies, an introduction.- Paleo-El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) records.- Paleogene climates.- Paleohydrology.- Paleo-ocean modeling.- Paleo-ocean pH.- Paleoceanography.- Paleolimnology.- Paleo-precipitation indicators.- Paleosols–pre-Quaternary.- Paleosols–Quaternary.- Paleotemperatures, proxy reconstructions.- Paleotempestology–sedimentary record of intense hurricanes.- Palynology.- Patterned ground.- Periglacial geomorphology.- Phosphorite.- Phosphorus cycle.- Pingo.- Plate tectonics and climate change.- Pleistocene climates.- Pliocene climates.- Pollen analysis.- Potassium-Argon/argon-argon dating.- Precession, earth’s orbit.- Pre-Quaternary Milankovitch cycles and climate.- Proglacial lacustrine sediments.- Proterozoic climates.- Quaternary climate transitions and cycles.- Quaternary vegetation distribution.- Radiocarbon dating.- Radiolaria.- Red beds.- Roche moutonnée.- Sapropels (organic-rich muds).- Scandinavian ice sheet.- Sea level change, Holocene.- Sea level change, Quaternary.- Sea level change, last 250 million years.- Sea level indicators.- Sedimentary indicators of climate change.- Snowball Earth hypothesis.- SPECMAP.- Speleothems.- Stable isotope analysis.- Strontium isotopes.- Sulfur isotopes.- Sun-climate connections.- Tephrochronology.- The 8200 year BP cold event.- Thermohaline circulation.- Time series analysis.- Till and Tillites.- Transfer functions.- Triassic-Jurassic climates.- Uranium-series dating.- Varved sediments.- Volcanic eruptions and climate change.- Weathering and climate.- Wisconsinan (Weichselian, Wurm) glaciation.- Younger Dryas.- Author index.- Subject index.

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List of Contributors.
Preface.
Acknowledgments.
Abrupt climate change.
Aerosols (mineral).
Albedo (feedbacks).
Alkenones.
Animal proxies, invertebrates.
Animal proxies, vertebrates.
Anoxic events.
Antarctica, glaciation history.
Antarctic Bottom Water and climate change.
Antarctic Cold Reversal.
Antarctic sea ice history, Late Quaternary.
Archean environments.
Archeological data and climate change.
Arctic sea ice.
Arid climates and indicators.
Astronomical theory of climate change.
Atmospheric circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum.
Atmospheric evolution, Earth.
Atmospheric evolution, Mars.
Atmospheric evolution, Venus.
Banded iron formations and the early atmosphere.
Basal ice.
Beachrock.
Beetles as Quaternary and Late Tertiary climate indicators.
Beryllium
10.
Binge/purge model of ice sheet dynamics.
Bolide impacts and climate.
Bølling
Allerød interstadial.
Borehole climatology: climate change from geothermal data.
Carbon cycle.
Carbon dioxide, dissolved (ocean).
Carbon dioxide and methane, Quaternary variations.
Carbon isotopes, stable.
Carbon isotope variations over geologic time .
Carbonate compensation depth.
Carbonates, cool water.
Carbonates, warm water.
Cenozoic climate and long
term cooling.
Cirques.
CLAMP (Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program).
CLIMAP.
Climate change, causes.
Climate forcing.
Climate variability, last 1000 years.
Coal beds, origin and climate.
Coastal environments.
Coccoliths.
COHMAP.
Continental sediments.
Corals and coral reefs.
Cordilleran ice sheet.
Cosmogenic radionuclides.
Cretaceous
Tertiary (K
T) boundary.
Cretaceous warm climates.
Cryosphere.
Cyclic sedimentation (cyclothems).
Dansgaard
Oeschger cycles.
Dating, amino acid geochronology.
Dating, biostratigraphic methods.
Dating, dendrochronology.
Dating, fission tracks.
Dating, luminescence techniques.
Dating, magnetostratigraphy.
Dating, radiometric methods.
Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP).
Deltaic sediments, climate records.
Dendroclimatology.
Desert varnish as climate proxy.
Deuterium, deuterium excess.
Diamicton.
Diatoms.
Dinoflagellates.
Dole effect .
Drumlins.
Duricrusts.
Dust transport, Quaternary.
Earth laws and climatology.
Early Paleozoic climates (Cambrian
Devonian).
Eccentricity, earth's orbit.
Eemian (Sangamonian) interglacial.
Electrical conductivity.
Eolian dust, marine sediments.
Eolian sediments and processes.
Eolianite.
Eskers.
Evaporites.
Evolution and climate change.
Faint Young Sun Paradox.
Flood basalts, climatic implications.
Foraminifera.
Geochemical proxies (non
isotopic).
Glacial erratic.
Glacial eustasy.
Glacial geomorphology.
Glacial isostasy.
Glacial.
megalakes .
Glacial sediments.
Glaciations, pre
Quaternary.
Glaciations, Quaternary.
Glaciofluvial sediments.
Glaciomarine sediments.
Glendonite/ikaite.
"Greenhouse" (warm) climates.
Heat transports, oceanic and atmospheric.
Heinrich events.
History of Paleoclimatology.
Holocene climates.
Holocene treeline fluctuations.
Hypsithermal.
Human evolution and climate change.
Ice cores, Antarctica and Greenland.
Ice cores, mountain glaciers.
"Icehouse" (cold) climates.
Ice
rafted debris (IRD).
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP).
Interstadials.
Iron and climate change.
Isotopic fractionation.
Kames.
Kettles.
Lacustrine sediments.
Lake level variations.
Late Glacial Maximum .
Last Glacial Termination.
Laterite.
Late Paleozoic climates.
Late Quaternary
Holocene vegetation modeling.
Late Quaternary megafloods .
Laurentide ice sheet.
Little Ice Age.
Loess deposits.
Marine biogenic sediments.
Marine carbon geochemistry.
Marine clay minerals.
Marine non
biogenic (inorganic) sediments.
Mars: water and past climates .
Mass extinctions: role of Climate.
Maunder minimum.
Medieval warm period.
Mesozoic climates.
Messinian salinity crisis.
Methane hydrates, carbon cycling, and environmental change.
Mid
Pliocene warming.
Millennial climate variability.
Mineral indicators of past climates.
Monsoons, Pre
Quaternary.
Monsoons, Quaternary.
Moraines.
Mountain.
glaciers,.
Mountain uplift and climate change.
Nearest
living
relative method.
Neogene climates.
Nitrogen isotopes.
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) records.
North Atlantic Deep Water and climate change.
Obliquity, earth's orbit.
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP).
Ocean paleocirculation.
Ocean paleoproductivity.
Ocean paleotemperatures.
Organic geochemical proxies.
Ostracodes.
Outwash plains.
Oxygen isotopes.
PAGES.
aleobotany.
Paleocene
Eocene Thermal Maximum.
Paleoclimate modeling, Quaternary.
Paleoclimate modeling, pre
Quaternary .
Paleoclimate proxies, an introduction.
Paleo
El Nino
Southern Oscillation (ENSO) records.
Paleogene climates.
Paleohydrology.
Paleo
ocean modeling.
Paleo
ocean pH.
Paleoceanography.
Paleolimnology.
Paleo
precipitation indicators.
Paleosols
pre
Quaternary.
Paleosols
Quaternary.
Paleotemperatures, proxy reconstructions.
Paleotempestology
sedimentary record of intense hurricanes.
Palynology.
Patterned ground.
Periglacial geomorphology.
Phosphorite.
Phosphorus cycle.
Pingo.
Plate tectonics and climate change.
Pleistocene climates.
Pliocene climates.
Pollen analysis.
Potassium
Argon/argon
argon dating.
Precession, earth's orbit.
Pre
Quaternary Milankovitch cycles and climate.
Proglacial lacustrine sediments.
Proterozoic climates.
Quaternary climate transitions and cycles.
Quaternary vegetation distribution.
Radiocarbon dating.
Radiolaria.
Red beds.
Roche moutonnée.
Sapropels (organic
rich muds).
Scandinavian ice sheet.
Sea level change, Holocene.
Sea level change, Quaternary.
Sea level change, last 250 million years.
Sea level indicators.
Sedimentary indicators of climate change.
Snowball Earth hypothesis.
SPECMAP.
Speleothems.
Stable isotope analysis.
Strontium isotopes.
Sulfur isotopes.
Sun
climate  connections.
Tephrochronology.
The 8200 year BP cold event.
Thermohaline circulation.
Time series analysis.
Till and Tillites.
Transfer functions.
Triassic
Jurassic climates.
Uranium
series dating.
Varved sediments.
Volcanic eruptions and climate change.
Weathering and climate.
Wisconsinan (Weichselian, Wurm) glaciation.
Younger Dryas.
Author index.
Subject index.

Rezensionen

From the reviews:

"This book is an A-Z series of entries on paleoclimatology and ancient environments. ... offers a good overview of its subject matter and would be a suitable reference for any academic library that supports research in paleoclimatology and ancient environments or related fields. It would also be of interest to the general public who were interested in this subject area. ... here is a chronological list of the geological time-periods as an appendix. This makes the text more accessible to the non-specialist ... ." -- Clari Hunt, Reference Reviews, Vol. 23 (8), 2009

"I was very impressed by the sedimentology encyclopedia ... and I had therefore great expectations of this new title. ... seems to be more interesting for Quaternary geologists and climatologists ... . I must conclude that the volume comprises a wealth of valuable information, and that most chapters are truly useful. ... the book is well printed, most figures are instructive and well-readable, and the binding has the quality that is required for such a huge work." -- A. J. Tom van Loon, Journal of Sedimentary Research, February, 2010

"This companion volume focuses on paleoclimatology and spans Earth's climate history from the early Precambrian to the Little Ice Age, which ran from the 16th to the mid-19th centuries. ... All articles contain excellent bibliographies leading to additional information. The work is well indexed, entries are cross-referenced, and the text is profusely illustrated with maps, graphs, and charts. Summing Up: Essential. Reference collections supporting programs in climate studies, lower-level undergraduates through professionals/practitioners, and general readers." -- J. C. Stachacz, Choice, Vol. 47 (6), February, 2010

"The chapters of the encyclopaedia are informative ... . Palaeoclimatology, palaeogeography, geomorphology, geochemistry, and several more disciplines that are important for the climatological reconstruction of the geological past form a wide spectrum, and the encyclopaedia is, therefore, truly comprehensive. ... easy to use. ... Each chapter ends with cross-references, which indicate relevant chapters on related topics. ... very useful for all geoscientists. It belongs in each geoscience library." -- Dmitry A. Ruban, Geologos, Vol. 16 (2), 2010