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This book describes various aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It begins with an introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnology and includes a historical prospective, nanotechnology working in nature, man -made nanomaterial and impact of nanotechnology illustrated with examples. It goes on to describes general synthetic approaches and strategies and also deals with the characterization of nanomaterial using modern tools and techniques to give basic understanding to those interested in learning this emerging area. It then deals with different kinds of nanomaterial such as…mehr
This book describes various aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It begins with an introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnology and includes a historical prospective, nanotechnology working in nature, man -made nanomaterial and impact of nanotechnology illustrated with examples.
It goes on to describes general synthetic approaches and strategies and also deals with the characterization of nanomaterial using modern tools and techniques to give basic understanding to those interested in learning this emerging area.
It then deals with different kinds of nanomaterial such as inorganics, carbon based-, nanocomposites and self-assembled/supramolecular nano structures in terms of their varieties, synthesis, properties etc. In addition, it contains chapters devoted to unique properties with mathematical treatment wherever applicable and the novel applications dealing with information technology, pollution control (environment, water), energy, nanomedicine, healthcare, consumer goods etc.
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Autorenporträt
Narendra Kumar, Ph.D., is Former Director, DRDO, of MoD, India; carried out pioneering research in the development of advanced materials including nanomaterials and products based on them for various defense applications; and has over 100 research papers, 12 patents, and a book, Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Life-Threatening Diseases, to his credit. He is recipient of several national awards including Best Scientist DRDO Award and MRSI- Annual Award, 2010. Dr. Kumar is associated with American Chemical Society and Materials Research Society of India.
Sunita Kumbhat, Ph.D., is Professor of Chemistry at J. N. V. University, Jodhpur, India, teaching graduate and postgraduate courses on Analytical Chemistry; research fields include electrochemistry, sensor/biosensor, SPR technology, and nanomaterials. She has been Commonwealth Academic Staff Fellow 1994¿1995, Oxford University; UGC-National Associate 1995¿1997, BARC, Mumbai; and INSA-JSPS Fellow 2005, Kyushu University, Japan. Dr. Kumbhat is associated with International Society Electrochemistry, Bioelectrochemical Society, Chemical Research Society of India, and National Assessment and Accreditation Council, India.
Inhaltsangabe
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
About the Authors xvii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Definitions of Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies 1
1.2 Uniqueness of the Nanoscale 3
1.3 Nanoscience in Nature 4
1.4 Historical Perspective 10
1.5 Nanomaterials 13
1.6 Strategies for Synthesis of Nanomaterials 18
1.7 Properties of Nanomaterials 18
1.8 Significance of Nanoscience 19
1.9 Commercial Applications 20
1.10 Potential Health Hazards and Environmental Risks 24
1.11 Futuristic Outlook 25
Review Questions 26
References 27
2 Nanomaterials: General Synthetic Approaches 29
2.1 Introduction 29
2.2 Top-Down Approach 30
2.3 Bottom-Up Approaches 49
Review Questions 73
References 74
3 Characterization Tools for Nanomaterials 77
3.1 Introduction 77
3.2 Imaging Through Electron Microscopy 79
3.3 Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) 97
3.4 Characterization Through Spectroscopy 107
3.5 Scattering Techniques 133
Review Questions 145
References 146
4 Nanomaterials 149
4.1 Introduction 149
4.2 Inorganic Nanomaterials 150
4.3 Organic Nanomaterials 161
4.4 Biological Nanomaterials 166
4.5 Nanoporous Materials 170
4.6 Quantum Dots 173
4.7 Nanoclusters 175
4.8 Nanomaterials in Different Configurations 178
Review Questions 185
References 186
5 Carbon-Based Nanomaterials 189
5.1 General Introduction 189
5.2 Fullerene 192
5.3 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) 196
5.4 Graphene 208
5.5 Carbon Nano-Onions 222
5.6 Carbon Nanofibers 224
5.7 Carbon Black 225
5.8 Nanodiamond 227
Review Questions 233
References 234
6 Self-Assembled and Supramolecular Nanomaterials 237
6.1 Introduction: Self-Assembly 237
6.1.1 Supramolecular Chemistry 238
6.2 Historical Perspective of Supramolecular and Self-Assembled Structures 239
6.3 Fundamental Aspects of Supramolecular Chemistry 240
6.4 Self-Assembly Via Non-Covalent Interaction 244
6.5 Synthetic Strategies for Molecular Self-Assembly 252
