George Lucas

Ethics and Cyber Warfare (eBook, PDF)

The Quest for Responsible Security in the Age of Digital Warfare

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

From North Korea's recent attacks on Sony to perpetual news reports of successful hackings and criminal theft, cyber conflict has emerged as a major topic of public concern. Yet even as attacks on military, civilian, and commercial targets have escalated, there is not yet a clear set of ethical guidelines that apply to cyber warfare. Indeed, like terrorism, cyber warfare is commonly believed to be a war without rules. Given the prevalence cyber warfare, developing a practical moral code for this new form of conflict is more important than ever. In Ethics and Cyber Warfare, internationally-respected ethicist George Lucas delves into the confounding realm of cyber conflict. Comparing "state-sponsored hacktivism" to the transformative impact of "irregular warfare" in conventional armed conflict, Lucas offers a critique of legal approaches to governance, and outlines a new approach to ethics and "just war" reasoning. Lucas draws upon the political philosophies of Alasdair MacIntyre, John Rawls, and J?rgen Habermas to provide a framework for understanding these newly-emerging standards for cyber conflict, and ultimately presents a professional code of ethics for a new generation of "cyber warriors." Lucas concludes with a discussion of whether preemptive self-defense efforts - such as the massive government surveillance programs revealed by Edward Snowden - can ever be justified, addressing controversial topics such as privacy, anonymity, and public trust. Well-reasoned and timely, Ethics and Cyber Warfare is a must-read for anyone with an interest in philosophy, ethics, or cybercrime.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Oxford University Press
• Seitenzahl: 256
• Erscheinungstermin: 16. November 2016
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9780190276539
• Artikelnr.: 48793492

Autorenporträt

Recently retired as the Distinguished Chair in Ethics in the Vice Admiral James B. Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership at the United States Naval Academy, and as Professor of Ethics and Public Policy at the Graduate School of Public Policy at the Naval Postgraduate School, George Lucas is currently a Visiting Distinguished Research Professor at the John J. Reilly Center for Science, Technology & Values at the University of Notre Dame. He is the author of Anthropologists in Arms (Alta Mira, 2009) and Military Ethics: What Everyone Needs to Know (Oxford University Press, 2015).

Inhaltsangabe

* CONTENTS * Preface ix * Acknowledgments xiii * Introduction: Crime or Warfare?
1 * 1. Cyber (In)security: Threat Assessment in the Cyber Domain
16 * What, When, and Where?
16 * How?
18 * Why?
19 * Three Ways of Being a Hacktivist
21 * Conventional Warfare
22 * Unrestricted Warfare
24 * State
Sponsored Hacktivism as a New Form of Warfare
27 * 2. Is There a Role for Ethics or Law in Cyber Conflict?
33 * Irregular War and Cyberwar
33 * Ethics and "Folk Morality"
35 * Ethics and the Law
40 * Ethics and Just War Theory
42 * Strategic Plan of the Book
45 * Applying Moral Theories in the Cyber Domain
48 * 3. The Tallinn Manual: International Law in the Aftermath of Estonia
57 * International Law Applicable to Stuxnet
58 * International Law and State
Sponsored Hacktivism
61 * The Tallinn Manual
64 * International Law and the Estonian Cyber attacks
68 * "There Oughta' Be a Law!"
73 * Why the Tallinn Manual Failed
76 * 4. Genuine Ethics versus "Folk Morality" in Cyberspace
85 * The Advantages of Taking "the Moral Point of View"
86 * The Challenge of Folk Morality for Authentic Ethics
88 * The Origins of Universal Moral Norms
91 * Thinking Ethically about Conflict in the Cyber Domain
96 * Just War Theory and the Morality of Exceptions
98 * Jus in Bello and Professional Military Ethics
101 * Jus in Silico: Ethics and Just War Theory in the Cyber Domain
102 * 5. If Aristotle Waged Cyberwar: How Norms Emerge from Practice
109 * Distinguishing between Laws and Norms
112 * The Methodology of Uncertainty: How Do Norms "Emerge?"
113 * Do Emergent Moral Norms Provide Effective Governance?
119 * 6. Privacy, Anonymity, and the Rise of State
Sponsored Hacktivism
125 * Emergent Norms and the Rise of State
Sponsored Hacktivism
126 * The Cunning of History
128 * Permissible Preemptive Cyber Self
Defense
129 * Privacy, Anonymity, and the Sectors of Vulnerability
130 * Cyber security Measures for Individuals
131 * Privacy versus Anonymity
133 * A Limited Justification for Anonymity
135 * Restricting Anonymity while Preserving Privacy
137 * New "Rules of the Road" for Cyber Navigation
138 * 7. NSA Management Directive #424: Anticipatory National Self
Defense
142 * Preventive War
143 * Initial Public Response
147 * The Dilemma of Edward Snowden
148 * Government Deception and Public Trust
150 * Defending National Boundaries And Personal Liberties
151 * State Norms for Respecting Sovereignty and Attaining Security
153 * Conclusion: Toward a Code of Ethics for Cyber Warriors
157 * References
167 * Index
175