John S. Torday, Virender K. Rehan

Evolutionary Biology (eBook, ePUB)

Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

An integrative view of the evolution of genetics and the natural world Even in this advanced age of genomics, the evolutionary process of unicellular and multicellular organisms is continually in debate. Evolutionary Biology, Cell-Cell Communication, and Complex Disease challenges current wisdom by using physiology to present an integrative view of the nature, origins, and evolution of fundamental biological systems. Providing a deeper understanding of the way genes relate to the traits of living organisms, this book offers useful information applying evolutionary biology, functional genomics, and cell communication studies to complex disease. Examining the 4.5 billion-year evolution process from environment adaptations to cell-cell communication to communication of genetic information for reproduction, Evolutionary Biology hones in on the "why and how" of evolution by uniquely focusing on the cell as the smallest unit of biologic structure and function. Based on empirically derived data rather than association studies, Evolutionary Biology covers: * A model for forming testable hypotheses in complex disease studies * The integrating role played by the evolution of metabolism, especially lipid metabolism * The evolutionary continuum from development to homeostasis * Regeneration and aging mediated by signaling molecules Ambitious and game-changing Evolutionary Biology suggests that biology began as a mechanism for reducing energy within the cell, defying the Second Law of Thermodynamics. An ideal text for those interested in forward thinking scientific study, the insights presented in Evolutionary Biology help practitioners effectively comprehend the evolutionary process.

---

Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, B, BG, CY, CZ, D, DK, EW, E, FIN, F, GR, HR, H, IRL, I, LT, L, LR, M, NL, PL, P, R, S, SLO, SK ausgeliefert werden.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 176
• Erscheinungstermin: 4. September 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118130445
• Artikelnr.: 37350874

Autorenporträt

John Torday, PhD, is Professor of Pediatrics and Ob/Gyn at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center where he is also Director of The Henry L. Guenther Laboratory for Cell/Molecular Research and Director of Laboratory for Evolutionary Preventive Medicine. He is the author of over 130 peer-reviewed articles, Dr. Torday specializes in pre and neo-natal lung development, particularly regarding cell-cell communication within this pathway. V.K. Rehan, MD, is Professor of Pediatrics and Director of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. The recipient of numerous teaching honors, Dr. Rehan is involved both in treating patients and continuing research on neo and peri-natal respiratory issues and lung development.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xi
About the Authors xiii
1 THE CELLULAR ORIGIN OF VERTEBRATES 1
The Origins of Unicellular Life on Earth 1
Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes 4
Coevolution of traits 5
Cholesterol Facilitates Lipid Rafts for Cell-Cell Communication 7
The Endomembrane System 9
The Cellular Mechanism of Evolution 10
Why Evolve? 11
Cell-Cell Communication and Aging 12
2 REDUCING LUNG PHYSIOLOGY TO ITS MOLECULAR PHENOTYPES 17
Hormonal Acceleration of Lung Development 17
Neutral Lipid Traffi cking and Lung Evolution 19
Other Examples of Cellular Cooperativity 23
Summary 24
3 A CELL-MOLECULAR STRATEGY FOR SOLVING THE EVOLUTIONARY PUZZLE 25
Rationale for Cell-Molecular Evolution 25
Mechanism of Mammalian Lung Development 28
Avian Lung Structure-Function Relationship: The Exception that Proves the
Rule 32
Does Ontogeny Recapitulate Phylogeny? The Role of PTHrP in Lung Development
32
Interrelationship between PTHrP, Development, Physiology, and Repair: Is
Repair a Recapitulation of Ontogeny and Phylogeny? 33
4 THE EVOLUTION OF CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION 35
Cell-Cell Communication as the Mechanistic Basis for Evolutionary Biology
36
The Darwinian Biologic Spacetime Continuum and Einstein's Vision of the
Universe 37
Reverse Engineering of Physiologic Traits as a Portal for Viewing Evolution
38
Cell-Cell Communication as the Basis for the Evolution of Metazoans 41
Understanding Lung Evolution from the Middle Out 42
The Cell-Cell Communication Model of Lung Evolution Traces Contemporary
Phenotypes Back to Ancestral Phenotypes 43
Predictive Value of the Lung Cell-Cell Communication Model for
Understanding the Evolution of Physiologic Systems 44
Sexual Dimorphism of Lung Development: A Case Study in Cell-Cell
Communication and Evolutionary Plasticity 46
Androgen Affects the Expression of Growth Factors Involved in Lung
Development 48
Evidence for an Association between Steroid-Resistant/Responsive Phenotypes
and Human Lymphocyte Antigen (HLA) Haplotypes 49
5 HOW TO INTEGRATE CELL-MOLECULAR DEVELOPMENT, HOMEOSTASIS, ECOLOGY, AND
EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY: THE MISSING LINKS 53
Neutral Theory versus Intelligent Design 54
Internal Selection Theory 54
The Counterintuitive Nature of Physiology and Solution to the Dead Sea
Scrolls Puzzle 57
The Continuum from Microevolution to Macroevolution 58
cis Regulation and Adaptive Evolution 69
Evolution of cis Regulatory Mechanisms 70
6 FROM CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION TO THE EVOLUTION OF INTEGRATED PHYSIOLOGY 75
Cell-cell Signaling and Alveolar Development: A Reductionist Approach to
the Evolution of Physiologic Traits 77
An Integrated, Empiric, Middle-Out Approach to Physiology 79
A Molecular Evolutionary Link between the Lung and the Kidney? 82
The Berner Hypothesis and Emergence of the Adipocyte: The Evolutionary
Origins of the Lipofi broblast 83
Lung Biology as a Cipher for Evolution 85
Do Stretch Effects on PTHrP Expression Reflect Its Role in Adapting to
Gravity? 85
Wolff's Law Works for Both Bone and Lung 88
Functional Relationship between the External and Internal Environments 89
An Evolutionary Vertical Integration of the Phylogeny and Ontogeny of the
Thyroid 91
7 EXPLOITING CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION ACROSS SPACETIME TO DECONSTRUCT
EVOLUTION 95
Somewhere between the Gene and the Phenotype Lies the Process of Evolution
98
A Functional Genomic Approach to Evolution as an Example of Terminal
Addition 100
Seeking Deep Homologies in Lung Evolution 102
Systems Biology Based on Cell-Cell Communication 105
Vertical Integration of Leptin Signaling, Human Evolution, and the Trojan
Horse Effect 108
Leptin and Human Evolution: Food for Thought 109
8 THE PERIODIC TABLE OF BIOLOGY 115
The Prospect of a Periodic Table of Biology 115
Cellular Cooperation Is Key 116
Elemental Biology 118
PTHrP as an Archetype 118
Evolution as the Solution 119
Ramping Up a Mathematical Model of Evolution 121
The Anthropic Principle Results from the Evolution of Cell-Cell
Interactions 124
9 VALUE ADDED BY THINKING IN TERMS OF THE CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION MODEL FOR
EVOLUTION 125
This is Not a Just-So Story 126
Beyond Genomics 128
From Fat Cells to Integrated Physiology 128
Molecular Homologies Distinguish between the Evolutionary Forest and Trees
129
The Oxygen-Cholesterol-Surfactant-Membrane Connection 130
Cholesterol Metabolism as the Data Operating System for Vertebrate Biology?
131
Translation of Genomics into the Periodic Table for Biology 132
Deep Homologies 134
Selection Pressure for Cell-Cell Communication: The Key to Understanding
Evolution 135
10 CELL-CELL COMMUNICATION AS THE BASIS FOR PRACTICING CLINICAL MEDICINE
139
Cell-Cell Communication Maintenance and Breakdown Represent Heath and
Disease, Respectively 140
Cell-Cell Communications as a Framework for Human Evolution 140
Canalization, Decanalization, and the Holistic Approach to the Practice of
Medicine 141
Exploiting Lung Evolution to Prevent and Treat Chronic Lung Disease 141
Lung Evolution Explains the Magic of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
142
The Paradox of Infecting the Lung in Order to Treat Lung Disease Caused by
Infection 143
Exploiting Lung Evolution to Prevent and Treat Smoking-Related Lung Damage
144
The Trojan Horse Effect of Canalization 145
Impetus for Evolutionary Science as an Integral Part of the Clinical
Curriculum 146
Application of Evolutionary Science to Bioethics 147
Evolutionary Science, a Biologic Periodic Table, and a Unifi ed Theory of
Biology 148
Summary 149
Name Index 151
Subject Index 153