Adrian Kitai

Fundamentals of Semiconductor Materials and Devices (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Gain an introduction to the concepts behind semiconductor materials and devices in this advanced textbook Semiconductors are the foundation of the electronics industry, and are therefore embedded in virtually all modern technology. No engineer or materials scientist can be without an understanding of this essential field. Since semiconductors are also the foundation of solar cells, they play an increasingly critical role in the transition to sustainable technology and promise, as a result, to become even more central in global technological progress. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Materials and Devices is a textbook that presents the advanced principles underlying semiconductors in an accessible and comprehensive way. Combining material from both engineering and physics, it remains grounded throughout in practical applications of semiconductors. Its approach makes it ideal for readers looking to gain a thorough understanding of this ubiquitous technology. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Materials and Devices readers will also find: * Questions and exercises to stimulate learning and increase comprehension * Introductory chapters detailing the fundamentals of quantum and solid state physics, as well as the foundational principles of semiconductor tech * Detailed analysis of topics including flash memory, the quantum dot, two-dimensional semiconductor materials, and more Fundamentals of Semiconductor Materials and Devices is a valuable guide for students and researchers in any area of engineering, physics, or materials science.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Wiley
• Seitenzahl: 528
• Erscheinungstermin: 16. Oktober 2023
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119891420
• Artikelnr.: 69183598

Autorenporträt

Adrian Kitai, PhD, is Professor in the Departments of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Physics at McMaster University, Ontario, Canada. He has researched and published widely on semiconductor materials and devices for optoelectronics, and has industry experience as founder of two companies in the fields of electronics and optical materials.

Inhaltsangabe

Acknowledgments x

Preface xi

About the Companion Website xiv

Chapter 1 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 1

1.1 Introduction 2

1.2 The Classical Electron 2

1.3 Two-Slit Electron Experiment 4

1.4 The Photoelectric Effect 8

1.5 Wave-Packets and Uncertainty 11

1.6 The Wavefunction 13

1.7 The Schrödinger Equation 15

1.8 The Electron in a One-Dimensional Well 19

1.9 The Hydrogen Atom 25

1.10 Electron Transmission and Reflection at Potential Energy Step 30

1.11 Spin 32

1.12 The Pauli Exclusion Principle 35

1.13 Operators and the Postulates of Quantum Mechanics 36

1.14 Expectation Values and Hermitian Operators 38

1.15 Summary 40

Problems 42

Note 45

Suggestions for Further Reading 45

Chapter 2 Semiconductor Physics 46

2.1 Introduction 47

2.2 The Band Theory of Solids 48

2.3 Bloch Functions 49

2.4 The Kronig-Penney Model 52

2.5 The Bragg Model 57

2.6 Effective Mass in Three Dimensions 59

2.7 Number of States in a Band 61

2.8 Band Filling 63

2.9 Fermi Energy and Holes 65

2.10 Carrier Concentration 66

2.11 Semiconductor Materials 78

2.12 Semiconductor Band Diagrams 80

2.13 Direct Gap and Indirect Gap Semiconductors 82

2.14 Extrinsic Semiconductors 86

2.15 Carrier Transport in Semiconductors 91

2.16 Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Dynamics 95

2.17 Carrier Diffusion and the Einstein Relation 98

2.18 Quasi-Fermi Energies 101

2.19 The Diffusion Equation 104

2.20 Traps and Carrier Lifetimes 107

2.21 Alloy Semiconductors 111

2.23 Summary 114

Problems 116

Suggestions for Further Reading 122

Chapter 3 The p-n Junction Diode 123

3.1 Introduction 124

3.2 Diode Current 125

3.3 Contact Potential 130

3.4 The Depletion Approximation 132

3.5 The Diode Equation 141

3.6 Reverse Breakdown and the Zener Diode 153

3.7 Tunnel Diodes 156

3.8 Generation/Recombination Currents 158

3.9 Metal-Semiconductor Junctions 161

3.10 Heterojunctions 172

3.11 Alternating Current (AC) and Transient Behavior 173

3.12 Summary 176

Problems 177

Note 181

Suggestions for Further Reading 181

Chapter 4 Photon Emission and Absorption 182

4.1 Introduction to Luminescence and Absorption 183

4.2 Physics of Light Emission 184

4.3 Simple Harmonic Radiator 187

4.4 Quantum Description 188

4.5 The Exciton 192

4.6 Two-Electron Atoms and the Exchange Interaction 195

4.7 Molecular Excitons 202

4.8 Band-to-Band Transitions 205

4.9 Photometric Units 210

4.10 Summary 214

Problems 215

Note 219

Suggestions for Further Reading 219

Chapter 5 Semiconductor Devices Based on the p-n Junction 220

5.1 Introduction 221

5.2 The p-n Junction Solar Cell 222

5.3 Light Absorption 224

5.4 Solar Radiation 226

5.5 Solar Cell Design and Analysis 227

5.6 Solar Cell Efficiency Limits and Tandem Cells 234

5.7 The Light Emitting Diode 236

5.8 Emission Spectrum 239

5.9 Non-Radiative Recombination 240

5.10 Optical Outcoupling 241

5.11 GaAs LEDs 244

5.12 GaP:N LEDs 245

5.13 D