Arthur E. Morris, Gordon H. Geiger, H. Alan Fine

Handbook on Material and Energy Balance Calculations in Material Processing (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Lately, there has been a renewed push to minimize the waste of materials and energy that accompany the production and processing of various materials. This third edition of this reference emphasizes the fundamental principles of the conservation of mass and energy, and their consequences as they relate to materials and energy. New to this edition are numerous worked examples, illustrating conventional and novel problem-solving techniques in applications such as semiconductor processing, environmental engineering, the production and processing of advanced and exotic materials for aerospace, electronic, and structural applications.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 640
• Erscheinungstermin: 3. Januar 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118237809
• Artikelnr.: 37350640

Autorenporträt

Arthur E. Morris is Professor Emeritus of MetallurgicalEngineering in the Department of Metallurgical Engineering at theMissouri University of Science and Technology--Rolla, where hetaught for thirty years. A consultant to several industrialcorporations, he was asked by the U.S. Bureau of Mines to organizea new department-wide research group--the Generic MineralTechnology Center for Pyrometallurgy, where he was principalinvestigator until his retirement in 1996. He has prepared CDs forother texts and developed short courses on materials processing, aswell as publishing nearly seventy papers on various aspects of thesubject.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface to the First Edition xiv Preface to the Third Edition xvii
Acknowledgements xix Chapter 1. Dimensions, Units, and Conversion Factors 1
1.1 The SI System of Units 1 1.2 The American Engineering System (AES) of
Units 4 1.3 Conversion of Units 6 1.4 Unit Conversions Using the
U-Converter Program 11 1.5 Amount of Substance - the Mole Unit 11 1.6
Density and Concentration 13 1.7 Electrical Units 20 1.8 Calculation
Guidelines 21 1.9 Summary 22 Chapter 2. Thermophysical and Related
Properties of Materials 26 2.1 State of a System and Properties of a
Substance 26 2.2 The Gibbs Physical Rule 27 2.3 The Gas Phase 30 2.4
Condensed Phases 34 2.5 Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) 35 2.6 Effect of
Pressure on Phase Transformation Temperatures 42 2.7 Stream and Air
Property Calculators 44 2.8 Properties of Solutions 44 2.9 Summary 50
Chapter 3. Statistical Concepts Applied to Measurement and Sampling 54 3.1
Basic Statistical Concepts and Descriptive Tools 55 3.2 Distributions of
Random Variables 62 3.3 Basic Applications of Inferential Statistics to
Measurement 75 3.4 Curve Fitting 95 3.5 Experimental Design 119 3.6 Summary
137 Chapter 4. Fundamentals of Materials Balances with Applications to
Non-Reacting Systems 144 4.1 System Characteristics 144 4.2 Process
Classifications 145 4.3 Flowsheets 146 4.4 The General Balance Equation 150
4.5 Material Balances on Simple Non-Reactive Systems 151 4.6 Strategy for
Making Material Balance Calculations 154 4.7 Degree-of-Freedom Analysis 158
4.8 Using Excel-based Calculations Tools to Solve Equations 174 4.9
Balances on Systems with Multiple Devices 179 4.10 Extension of Excel's
Calculational Tools for Repetitive Solving 194 4.11 Special Multiple-Device
Configurations I - Recycle and Bypass 197 4.12 Special Multiple-Device
Configurations II - Counter-Current Flow 205 4.13 Using FlowBal for
Material Balance Calculations 216 4.14 Continuous-Mixing Devices 223 4.15
Graphical Representation of Material Balances 232 4.16 Measures of
Performance 232 4.17 Controllers 234 4.18 Summary 239 Chapter 5.
Stoichiometry and the Chemical Equation 248 5.1 Atomic and Molecular Mass
248 5.2 Composition of Compounds and the Gravimetric Factor 249 5.3 Writing
and Balancing Chemical Equations 251 5.4 Calculations Involving Excess and
Limiting Reactants 256 5.5 Progress of a Reaction 258 5.6 Practical
Indicators of the Progress of Reactions and Processes 269 5.7 Parallel,
Sequential and Mixed Reactions 273 5.8 Independence of Chemical Reactions
274 5.9 Practical Examples of Reaction Writing and Stoichiometry 274 5.10
Use of Chemical Reactions in FlowBal 279 5.11 Balancing Aqueous (Ionic)
Reactions 283 5.12 Summary 286 Chapter 6. Reactive Material Balances 294
6.1 The General Material Balance Procedure for a Reactive System 294 6.2
The Use of Excel-based Computational Tools in Reactive System Balances 306
6.3 Combustion Material Balances 321 6.4 The Production of a Reducing Gas
340 6.5 Gas-Solid Oxidation-Reduction Processes 345 6.6 The Production of
Gases with Controlled Oxygen and Carbon Potential 370 6.7 Processes
Controlled by Chemical Reaction Kinetics 371 6.8 The Reconciliation of an
Existing Materials Balance 372 6.9 The Use of Distribution Coefficients in
Material Balance Calculations 377 6.10 Time-Varying Processes 384 6.11
Systems Containing Aqueous Electrolytes 389 6.12 Summary 402 Chapter 7.
Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics 410 7.1 Principles and
Definitions 410 7.2 General Statement of the First Law of Thermodynamics
413 7.3 First Law for an Open System 415 7.4 Enthalpy, Heat Capacity, and
Heat Content 416 7.5 Enthalpy Change of Phase Transformations 418 7.6
Enthalpy Change of Chemical Reactions 420 7.7 Thermodynamic Databases for
Pure Substances 421 7.8 Effect of Temperature on Heat of Reaction 426 7.9
The Properties of Steam and Compressed Air 431 7.10 The Use of FREED in
Making Heat Balances 437 7.11 Heat of Solution 441 7.12 Summary 445 Chapter
8. Enthalpy Balances in Non-Reactive Systems 450 8.1 Combined Material and
Heat (System) Balances 450 8.2 Heat Balances for Adiabatic Processes 458
8.3 Psychometric Calculations 462 8.4 Energy Efficiency 468 8.5 Recovery
and Recycling of Heat 469 8.6 Multiple-Device System Balances 483 8.7 Use
of FlowBal for System Balances 488 8.8 Heat Balances Involving Solution
Phases 494 8.9 Enthalpy Change During Dissolution of an Electrolyte 496
8.10 Graphical Representation of a Heat Balance 499 8.11 Summary 500
Chapter 9. System Balances on Reactive Processes 505 9.1 Thermal
Constraints on a Material Balance 505 9.2 Combustion of Fuels 511 9.3
Adiabatic Processes 517 9.4 System Balances Using FlowBal 533 9.5 Quality
of Heat and Thermal Efficiency 542 9.6 System Balances with Heat Exchangers
548 9.7 Aqueous Processes 565 9.8 Electrolytic Processes 571 9.9 Summary
573 Chapter 10. Case Studies 577 10.1 Material Balance for an H-Iron
Reduction Process with Gas Tempering and Recycle 577 10.2 Mass and Heat
Balance Simulation for the Use of DRI in EAF Steelmaking 581 10.3 Natural
Gas Combustion Control and the Wobbe Index 588 10.4 Reduction of Hematite
to Magnetite 592 10.5 Conversion of Quartz to Cristobalite in a Fluidized
Bed 598 Appendix. Computational Tools for Making Material and Heat Balance
Calculations 601 General References 605 Index 606

Rezensionen

"Authored by Arthur E. Morris, Gordon Geiger, and H. Alan Fine, this completely revised third edition provides a clear, comprehensive treatment of the use of mass balance and stoichiometry techniques, and the application of the First Law of Thermodynamics, to the production and processing of mineral, metallic, and ceramic materials. The text comes with a CD containing an extensive thermodynamic database, specially-developed software to carry out more complex calculations, and a bonus set of flowsheeting notes by Dr. Eric Grimsey of Curtin University, Australia." -- TMS News, 1 August 2011