James R. Augustine

Human Neuroanatomy (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Human Neuroanatomy provides a thorough and comprehensive overview of the human brain and spinal cord for medical and graduate students as well as residents in the clinical neurosciences. Standing on the shoulders of training from outstanding scientist-teacher mentors and based on more than 30 years of experience teaching about the brain and spinal cord to medical and graduate students, this single authored text presents everything the reader would need as they begin their study of the nervous system. At the same time the experienced neuroscientist will find much useful and valuable information in these pages that is based almost exclusively on studies in experimental primates and observations in humans. Every effort has been made to present the complexities of the nervous system as simply and clearly as possible. The careful reader will discover a clarity and depth of coverage that makes the reading both instructional and enjoyable. Topics are presented logically and the text in an easy-to-read style. The accompanying line drawings emphasize important concepts in a clear and uncluttered manner.

Topics presented:

• Neurons, glial cells, degeneration, regeneration, axonal transport
• Review of the development of the human nervous system
• Overview of the anatomy of the spinal cord, brain stem and forebrain
• General sensory paths (pain, temperature, touch, pressure, proprioception)
• Special sensory systems (auditory, vestibular, visual, olfactory and gustatory)
• Eye movements and visual reflexes
• Comprehensive presentation of the regions involved in motor activity including the clinical manifestation of injuries to these motor areas
• Limbic system, hypothalamus and the autonomic nervous system
• Lobes of the brain, clinically important cortical areas and the results of lesions in these areas
• Blood supply to the spinal cord, brain stem, and brain including classical brain stem syndromes
• The meninges and the ventricular system
• Numerous helpful clinical correlations that emphasize the practical application of basic anatomical information

• Presents the complexities of the nervous system as simply and clearly as possible
• Written with a clarity and depth of coverage that makes the reading both instructional and enjoyable
• Includes numerous illustrations emphasizing important concepts

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
• Seitenzahl: 512
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. November 2007
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9780080554181
• Artikelnr.: 68017936

Autorenporträt

James R. Augustine is Professor Emeritus in the School of Medicine at University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xiii

About the companion website xv

Chapter 1 Introduction to the Nervous System 1

1.1 Neurons 1

1.2 Classification of Neurons 4

1.3 The Synapse 5

1.4 Neuroglial Cells 6

1.5 Axonal Transport 9

1.6 Degeneration and Regeneration 10

1.7 Neural Transplantation 14

Further Reading 14

Chapter 2 Development of the Nervous System 17

2.1 First Week 19

2.2 Second Week 20

2.3 Third Week 20

2.4 Fourth Week 21

2.5 Fifth Week 24

2.6 Vulnerability of the Developing Nervous System 26

2.7 Congenital Malformations of the Nervous System 27

Further Reading 29

Chapter 3 The Spinal Cord 31

3.1 Embryological Considerations 31

3.2 Gross Anatomy 34

3.3 Nuclear Groups - Gray Matter 37

3.4 Functional Classes of Neurons 39

3.5 Funiculi/Fasciculi/Tracts - White Matter 40

3.6 Spinal Reflexes 41

3.7 Spinal Meninges and Related Spaces 42

3.8 Spinal Cord Injury 43

3.9 Blood Supply to the Spinal Cord 44

Further Reading 44

Chapter 4 The Brain Stem 47

4.1 External Features 47

4.2 Cerebellum and Fourth Ventricle 50

4.3 Organization of Brain Stem Neuronal Columns 52

4.4 Internal Features 54

Further Reading 65

Chapter 5 The Forebrain 67

5.1 Telencephalon 67

5.2 Diencephalon 77

5.3 Cerebral White Matter 78

Further Reading 79

Chapter 6 Introduction to Ascending Sensory Paths 81

6.1 Receptors 81

6.2 Classification of Receptors by Modality 81

6.3 Classification of Receptors by Distribution and Function 84

6.4 Structural Classification of Receptors 84

6.5 Reflex Circuits 88

6.6 General Sensory Paths 89

6.7 Organization of General Sensory Paths 89

Further Reading 92

Chapter 7 Paths for Pain and Temperature 95

7.1 Path for Superficial Pain and Temperature from the Body 95

7.2 Path for Visceral Pain from the Body 102

7.3 The Trigeminal Nuclear Complex 107

7.4 Path for Superficial Pain and Thermal Extremes from the Head 108

7.5 Path for Thermal Discrimination from the Head 111

7.6 Somatic Afferent Components of VII, IX, and X 113

7.7 Trigeminal Neuralgia 113

7.8 Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia 114

Further Reading 114

Chapter 8 Paths for Touch, Pressure, Proprioception, and Vibration 117

8.1 Path for General Tactile Sensation from the Body 117

8.2 Path for Tactile Discrimination, Pressure, Proprioception, and Vibration from the Body 120

8.3 Path for Tactile Discrimination from the Head 130

8.4 Path for General Tactile Sensation from the Head 131

8.5 Path for Proprioception, Pressure, and Vibration from the Head 133

8.6 Trigeminal Motor Component 135

8.7 Certain Trigeminal Reflexes 136

Further Reading 138

Chapter 9 The Reticular Formation 141

9.1 Structural Aspects 141

9.2 Ascending Reticular System 146

9.3 Descending Reticular System 149

9.4 Functional Aspects of the Reticular Formation 149

Further Reading 153

Chapter 10 The Auditory System 155

10.1 Gross Anatomy 155

10.2 The Ascending Auditory Path 158

10.3 Descending Auditory Connections 164

10.4 Injury to the Auditory Path 165

10.5 Cochlear Implants 167

10.6 Auditory Brain S