Robert Bruce Thompson

Illustrated Guide to Home Forensic Science Experiments (eBook, ePUB)

All Lab, No Lecture

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Have you ever wondered whether the forensic science youve seen on TV is anything like the real thing? Theres no better way to find out than to roll up your sleeves and do it yourself. This full-color book offers advice for setting up an inexpensive home lab, and includes more than 50 hands-on lab sessions that deal with forensic science experiments in biology, chemistry, and physics. Youll learn the practical skills and fundamental knowledge needed to pursue forensics as a lifelong hobbyor even a career.The forensic science procedures in this book are not merely educational, theyre the real deal. Each chapter includes one or more lab sessions devoted to a particular topic. Youll find a complete list of equipment and chemicals you need for each session.Analyze soil, hair, and fibersMatch glass and plastic specimensDevelop latent fingerprints and reveal blood tracesConduct drug and toxicology testsAnalyze gunshot and explosives residuesDetect forgeries and fakesAnalyze impressions, such as tool marks and footprintsMatch pollen and diatom samplesExtract, isolate, and visualize DNA samplesThrough their company, The Home Scientist, LLC (thehomescientist.com/forensics), the authors also offer inexpensive custom kits that provide specialized equipment and supplies youll need to complete the experiments. Add a microscope and some common household items and youre good to go.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Make Community, LLC
• Seitenzahl: 446
• Erscheinungstermin: 7. August 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781449334475
• Artikelnr.: 42124074

Autorenporträt

Robert Bruce Thompson is a coauthor of Building the Perfect PC, Astronomy Hacks, and the Illustrated Guide to Astronomical Wonders. Thompson built his first computer in 1976 from discrete chips. It had 256 bytes of memory, used toggle switches and LEDs for I/O, ran at less than 1MHz, and had no operating system. Since then, he has bought, built, upgraded, and repaired hundreds of PCs for himself, employers, customers, friends, and clients. Robert spends most clear, moonless nights outdoors with his 10-inch Dobsonian reflector telescope, and is currently designing a larger, computerized, truss-tube Dobsonian that he plans to build. Barbara Fritchman Thompson is, with her husband Robert, the co-author of numerous books about computers, science, and technology. With her Masters in Library Science and twenty years' experience as a public librarian, Barbara is the research half of our writing team.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface
Who this Book is For
How this Book is Organized
Acknowledgments
How to Contact Us
Thank You
Author Bios
Chapter 1: Laboratory Safety
Chapter 2: Equipping Your Forensics Laboratory
2.1 Optical Equipment
2.2 Laboratory Equipment
2.3 Chemicals and Reagents
2.4 Specimens
Soil Analysis
Chapter 3: Lab I-1 Gather and Prepare Soil Samples
3.1 Equipment and Materials
3.2 Background
3.3 Procedure I-1-1: Gather Soil Specimens
3.4 Procedure I-1-2: Dry Soil Specimens
3.5 Review Questions
Chapter 4: Lab I-2 Examine the Physical Characteristics of Soil
4.1 Equipment and Materials
4.2 Background
4.3 Procedure I-2-1: Observe and Categorize Soil Color
4.4 Procedure I-2-2: Determine Soil Density
4.5 Procedure I-2-3: Determine Soil Settling Time
4.6 Procedure I-2-4: Determine Soil Particle Size Distribution
4.7 Review Questions
Chapter 5: Lab I-3 Examine the Microscopic Characteristics of Soil
5.1 Equipment and Materials
5.2 Background
5.3 Procedure I-3-1: Examine Soil Specimens Under Magnification
5.4 Review Questions
Chapter 6: Lab I-4 Assay Phosphate Concentrations in Soil Specimens
6.1 Equipment and Materials
6.2 Background
6.3 Procedure I-4-1: Extract Soil Specimens
6.4 Procedure I-4-2: Assay Soil Phosphate Concentrations
6.5 Review Questions
Chapter 7: Lab I-5 Examine the Spectroscopic Characteristics of Soil
7.1 Equipment and Materials
7.2 Background
7.3 Procedure I-5-1: Extract Ion Species from Soil Specimens
7.4 Procedure I-5-2: Test Soil Specimen Extracts with the Spectrometer
7.5 Procedure I-5-3: Identify Ions Present in Exemplar
7.6 Review Questions
Hair and Fiber Analysis
Chapter 8: Lab II-1 Gathering Hair Specimens
8.1 Equipment and Materials
8.2 Background
8.3 Procedure II-1-1: Obtain Hair Specimens with Forceps
8.4 Procedure II-1-2: Obtain Hair Specimens with Lift Tape
8.5 Review Questions
Chapter 9: Lab II-2 Study the Morphology of Human Scalp Hair
9.1 Equipment and Materials
9.2 Background
9.3 Procedure II-2-1: Macroscopic Examination of Human Scalp Hair
9.4 Procedure II-2-2: Wet-Mount Hair Specimens
9.5 Procedure II-2-3: Microscopic Examination of Human Scalp Hair
9.6 Review Questions
Chapter 10: Lab II-3 Make Scale Casts of Hair Specimens
10.1 Equipment and Materials
10.2 Background
10.3 Procedure II-3-1: Make and Observe Scale Casts of Human Hair
10.4 Review Questions
Chapter 11: Lab II-4 Study the Morphology of Animal Hair
11.1 Equipment and Materials
11.2 Background
11.3 Procedure II-4-1: Observe Animal Hair
11.4 Review Question
Chapter 12: Lab II-5 Individualize Human Hair Specimens
12.1 Equipment and Materials
12.2 Background
12.3 Procedure II-5-1: Obtain Hair Specimens
12.4 Procedure II-5-2: Observe and Characterize Hair Specimens
12.5 Review Questions
Chapter 13: Lab II-6 Physical and Chemical Tests of Fibers
13.1 Equipment and Materials
13.2 Background
13.3 Procedure II-6-1: Test Fiber Specimens by Burning
13.4 Procedure II-6-2: Test Fiber Specimens by Solubility
13.5 Procedure II-6-3: Test Fiber Specimens by Dye Stripping
13.6 Procedure II-6-4: Test Fiber Specimens by Dyeing
13.7 Review Questions
Chapter 14: Lab II-7 Study the Morphology of Fibers and Fabrics
14.1 Equipment and Materials
14.2 Background
14.3 Procedure II-7-1: Macroscopic Examination of Fabrics
14.4 Procedure II-7-2: Microscopic Examination of Fibers and Fabrics
14.5 Procedure II-7-3: Cross-Sectional Examination of Fiber Specimens
14.6 Procedure II-7-4: Determine the Refractive Index of Fibers with RI Matching Liquids
14.7 Procedure II-7-5: Examining Fibers by Polarized Light
14.8 Review Questions
Glass and Plastic Analysis
Chapter 15: Lab III-1 Determine Densities of Glass and Plastic Specimens
15.1 Equipment and Materials
15.2 Background
15.3 Procedure III-1-1: Determine Density by Displacement
15.4 Procedure III-1-2: Determine Density by Flotation
15.5 Review Questions
Chapter 16: Lab III-2 Compare Refractive Indices of Glass and Plastic Specimens
16.1 Equipment and Materials
16.2 Background
16.3 Procedure III-2-1: Compare RI of Questioned and Known Specimens
16.4 Review Question
Chapter 17: Lab III-3 Observe Shatter Patterns
17.1 Equipment and Materials
17.2 Background
17.3 Procedure III-3-1: Produce Glass Shards
17.4 Procedure III-3-2: Observe and Compare Glass Shards
17.5 Review Questions
Revealing Latent Fingerprints
Chapter 18: Lab IV-1 Dusting and Lifting Latent Fingerprints
18.1 Equipment and Materials
18.2 Background
18.3 Procedure IV-1-1: Dusting Latent Fingerprints
18.4 Procedure IV-1-2: Lifting Developed Fingerprints
18.5 Review Questions
Chapter 19: Lab IV-2 Revealing Latent Fingerprints Using Iodine Fuming
19.1 Equipment and Materials
19.2 Background
19.3 Procedure IV-2-1: Fuming Latent Fingerprints with Iodine
19.4 Review Questions
Chapter 20: Lab IV-3 Revealing Latent Fingerprints Using Ninhydrin
20.1 Equipment and Materials
20.2 Background
20.3 Procedure IV-3-1: Developing Latent Fingerprints with Ninhydrin
20.4 Procedure IV-3-2: Ninhydrin After-Treatments
20.5 Review Questions
Chapter 21: Lab IV-4 Revealing Latent Fingerprints Using Superglue Fuming
21.1 Equipment and Materials
21.2 Background
21.3 Procedure IV-4-1: Preparing for Superglue Fuming
21.4 Procedure IV-4-2: Fuming Latent Fingerprints with Superglue
21.5 Procedure IV-4-3: Dusting and Lifting Superglue-fumed Fingerprints
21.6 Review Questions
Chapter 22: Lab IV-5 Revealing Latent Fingerprints On Sticky Surfaces
22.1 Equipment and Materials
22.2 Background
22.3 Procedure IV-5-1: Preparing Specimens for Gentian Violet Development
22.4 Procedure IV-5-2: Developing Specimens with Gentian Violet
22.5 Review Questions
Chapter 23: Lab IV-6 Revealing Latent Fingerprints On Brass Cartridge Cases
23.1 Equipment and Materials
23.2 Background
23.3 Procedure IV-6-1: Treat Specimens with Acidified Hydrogen Peroxide
23.4 Review Question
Detecting Blood
Chapter 24: Lab V-1 Testing the Sensitivity and Selectivity of Kastle-Meyer Reagent
24.1 Equipment and Materials
24.2 Background
24.3 Procedure V-1-1: Prepare Known Dilutions of Blood
24.4 Procedure V-1-2: Spot Known Dilutions of Blood
24.5 Procedure V-1-3: Test Sensitivity of Kastle-Meyer Reagent
24.6 Procedure V-1-4: Test Selectivity of Kastle-Meyer Reagent
24.7 Procedure V-1-5: Field Testing with Kastle-Meyer Reagent
24.8 Review Questions
Impression Analysis
Chapter 25: Lab VI-1 Tool Mark Analysis
25.1 Equipment and Materials
25.2 Background
25.3 Procedure VI-1-1: Produce and Compare Compression Specimens
25.4 Procedure VI-1-2: Produce and Compare Scoring Specimens
25.5 Review Questions
Chapter 26: Lab VI-2 Matching Images to Cameras
26.1 Equipment and Materials
26.2 Background
26.3 Procedure VI-2-1: Matching Films to Cameras
26.4 Procedure VI-2-1: Forensic Examination of Digital Image Files
26.5 Review Questions
Chapter 27: Lab VI-3 Perforation and Tear Analysis
27.1 Equipment and Materials
27.2 Background
27.3 Procedure VI-3-1: Produce and Examine Tape Specimens
27.4 Review Question
Forensic Drug Testing
Chapter 28: Lab VII-1 Presumptive Drug Testing
28.1 Equipment and Materials
28.2 Background
28.3 Procedure VII-1-1: Testing Specimens Against Presumptive Reagents
28.4 Procedure VII-1-2: Verifying Test Results
28.5 Review Questions
Chapter 29: Lab VII-2 Detect Cocaine and Methamphetamine on Paper Currency
29.1 Equipment and Materials
29.2 Background
29.3 Procedure VII-2-1: Testing a Control Specimen
29.4 Procedure VII-2-2: Testing Currency for Cocaine
29.5 Procedure VII-2-3: Testing Currency for Methamphetamine
29.6 Review Questions
Chapter 30: Lab VII-3 Analysis of Drugs by Chromatography
30.1 Equipment and Materials
30.2 Background
30.3 Procedure VII-3-1: Prepare Chromatography Jars and Strips
30.4 Procedure VII-3-2: Prepare Solutions of Known and Questioned Specimens
30.5 Procedure VII-3-3: Spot and Develop the Chromatograms
30.6 Procedure VII-3-4: Visualize the Chromatograms
30.7 Review Questions
Chapter 31: Lab VII-4 Observation of Drug Microcrystalline Structures and Precipitation Reactions
31.1 Equipment and Materials
31.2 Background
31.3 Procedure VII-4-1: Preparing Solutions of Known and Questioned Specimens
31.4 Procedure VII-4-2: Observing Microcrystalline Structures
31.5 Procedure VII-4-3: Analysis of Drugs by Precipitation
31.6 Review Questions
Chapter 32: Lab VII-5 Assay Vitamin C in Urine by Iodometric Titration
32.1 Equipment and Materials
32.2 Background
32.3 Procedure VII-5-1: Prepare a Standard Vitamin C Solution
32.4 Procedure VII-5-2: Titrate the Standard Vitamin C Solution
32.5 Procedure VII-5-3: Titrate the Questioned Urine Specimen
32.6 Review Questions
Forensic Toxicology
Chapter 33: Lab VIII-1 Salicylate Determination by Visual Colorimetry
33.1 Equipment and Materials
33.2 Background
33.3 Procedure VIII-1-1: Prepare an Array of Salicylate Concentrations
33.4 Procedure VIII-1-2: Test the Reagent
33.5 Procedure VIII-1-3: Test the Questioned Specimen(S)
33.6 Review Questions
Chapter 34: Lab VIII-2 Detect Alkaloid Poisons with Dragendorff's Reagent
34.1 Equipment and Materials
34.2 Background
34.3 Procedure VIII-2-1: Prepare Questioned Alkaloid Specimens
34.4 Procedure VIII-2-2: Test Specimens for the Presence of Alkaloids
34.5 Procedure VIII-2-3: Analyze Alkaloids Using Paper Chromatography
34.6 Review Questions
Gunshot and Explosive Residues Analysis
Chapter 35: Lab IX-1 Presumptive Color Tests for Gunshot Residue
35.1 Equipment and Materials
35.2 Background
35.3 Procedure IX-1-1: Produce Gunshot Residue (GSR) Specimens
35.4 Procedure IX-1-2: Make up Modified Griess Reagent Test Paper
35.5 Procedure IX-1-3: Test for Nitrite Residue in GSR Specimens
35.6 Procedure IX-1-4: Test White GSR Specimens for Lead Residue
35.7 Procedure IX-1-5: Test Colored or Patterned GSR Specimens for Lead Residue
35.8 Review Questions
Chapter 36: Lab IX-2 Presumptive Color Tests for Explosives Residues
36.1 Equipment and Materials
36.2 Background
36.3 Procedure IX-2-1: Test Known Specimens
36.4 Procedure IX-2-2: Extract Explosives Residues
36.5 Procedure IX-2-3: Test Swabs for Explosives Residues
36.6 Review Questions
Detecting Altered and Forged Documents
Chapter 37: Lab X-1 Revealing Alterations in Documents
37.1 Equipment and Materials
37.2 Background
37.3 Procedure X-1-1: Test Ink Solvents
37.4 Procedure X-1-2: Produce Questioned Document Specimens
37.5 Procedure X-1-3: Examine Questioned Documents by Visible and Ultraviolet Light
37.6 Procedure X-1-4: Examine Questioned Documents Microscopically
37.7 Procedure X-1-5: Examine Questioned Documents by Iodine Fuming
37.8 Procedure X-1-6: Examine Questioned Documents by Chemical Treatment
37.9 Review Questions
Chapter 38: Lab X-2 Analysis of Inks by Chromatography
38.1 Equipment and Materials
38.2 Background
38.3 Procedure X-1-1: Prepare Chromatography Jars
38.4 Procedure X-1-2: Prepare the Questioned Ink Specimen
38.5 Procedure X-1-3: Prepare and Spot Chromatograms
38.6 Procedure X-1-4: Develop Chromatograms
38.7 Review Questions
Chapter 39: Lab X-3 Forensic Analysis of Paper
39.1 Equipment and Materials
39.2 Background
39.3 Procedure X-3-1: Examine Paper Specimens Visually
39.4 Procedure X-3-2: Examine Paper Specimens Microscopically
39.5 Procedure X-3-3: Examine Paper Specimens by Differential Staining
39.6 Review Questions
Forensic Biology
Chapter 40: Lab XI-1 Pollen Analysis
40.1 Equipment and Materials
40.2 Background
40.3 Procedure XI-1-1: Examining Known and Questioned Pollen Grains
40.4 Review Questions
Chapter 41: Lab XI-2 Diatom Analysis
41.1 Equipment and Materials
41.2 Background
41.3 Procedure XI-2-1: Digest Diatom Specimens
41.4 Procedure XI-2-2: Mount and Observe Diatoms
41.5 Review Questions
Chapter 42: Lab XI-3 Extract, Isolate, and Visualize DNA
42.1 Equipment and Materials
42.2 Background
42.3 Procedure XI-3-1: Extract DNA
42.4 Procedure XI-3-2: Isolate DNA
42.5 Procedure XI-3-1: Visualize DNA
42.6 Review Questions
Chapter 43: Lab XI-4 DNA Analysis by Gel Electrophoresis
43.1 Equipment and Materials
43.2 Background
43.3 Procedure XI-3-1: Build a Gel Electrophoresis Apparatus
43.4 Procedure XI-3-2: Prepare DNA Specimens
43.5 Procedure XI-3-3: Prepare and Cast Gel(s)
43.6 Procedure XI-3-4: Load and Run the DNA Specimens
43.7 Procedure XI-3-5: Stain and Visualize the Gel(s)
43.8 Review Questions