According to a recent study, 566 federally recognized American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and villages in the United Stateseach with their own culture, language, and history. Every tribe has unique traditions and styles of housing, dress, religious beliefs, values, and ceremonies. Throughout the passing generations, however, Native Americans have battled to maintain their cultural identity.
The racialization of Native Americans has distorted their individual and collective identities. As a mechanism of Western imperialism, "race" has contributed to their dispossession, disintegration, and decentralization. Racialized oppression continues at federal and tribal levels through racial terminology and blood quantum policies, leading to the fragmentation, marginalization, stigmatization, and alienation of Native individuals. As such, race and blood quantum pose a threat to the survival of tribes. Tribes have within their means indigenous alternatives to race and blood quantum and will need to revitalize these indigenous practices and principles if they are to safeguard their survival as autonomous cultural and political entities
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