Ottavio Quirico

International 'Criminal' Responsibility (eBook, ePUB)

Antinomies

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

The book sheds light on the relationship between the responsibility of individuals and States for major offences, via a systemic investigation. The analysis provides a critical perspective on core mechanisms of the international legal system, addressing the regulation of crucial problems such as war, genocide and terrorism.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Taylor & Francis
• Seitenzahl: 296
• Erscheinungstermin: 12. Februar 2019
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781351597548
• Artikelnr.: 55281617

Autorenporträt

Ottavio Quirico is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Law at the University of New England in Australia, an Honorary Lecturer at the Centre for European Studies of the Australian National University and an Alumnus of the European University Institute.

Inhaltsangabe

Cases
Documents
Abbreviations
Foreword
Introduction
Context
Analysis
Chapter 1 - From monism to dualism
1.1 Monism: coordinating individual and State responsibility prior to World
War II
1.1.1 The dawn of criminal responsibility in international law: proposals
for a universal criminal code (1860-1919)
1.1.2. Inter-war coordination (1920-1939)
1.1.2.1 Triggering initiatives within the League of Nations
1.1.2.2 Establishing the Fundamental Principles of an International Legal
Code for the Repression of International Crimes
1.1.2.3 Individual initiatives for a comprehensive International Criminal
Code
1.1.2.4 The ICLA's Draft Statute for a Criminal Chamber of the PCIJ and the
Global Repressive Code
1.2 Dualism: disjoining individual and State responsibility after World War
II
1.2.1 Between coordination and disjunction (1940-1960)
1.2.1.1 Peace through law? UN procedures and the critical role of the
Security Council
1.2.1.2 The IMT, IMTFE, Nuremberg Principles and Draft Code of Offences
against the Peace and Security of Mankind
1.2.1.3 The Genocide Convention and the proposals for an international
criminal jurisdiction
1.2.2 Defining aggression, State crimes and underlying concepts (1960-1980)
1.2.2.1 Non-institutional initiatives
1.2.2.2 Peremptory norms (jus cogens), erga omnes obligations and State
crimes
1.2.2.3 State crimes under Article 19 of the ILC's 1980 Draft Articles on
State Responsibility
1.2.3 Codifying dualism (1980-2001)
1.2.3.1 The ICLA's Project for a comprehensive International Criminal Code
1.2.3.2 Achieving the Draft Code of Crimes against the Peace and Security
of Mankind
1.2.3.3 Ad hoc international and hybrid tribunals
1.2.3.4 Achieving the Statute of the International Criminal Court
1.2.3.5 From 'State crimes' to 'serious breaches of peremptory norms' in
the ILC's Draft Articles on State Responsibility
1.2.4 Genocide, aggression and terrorism still in search of identity
(2001-2018)
1.2.4.1 Genocide in the jurisprudence of the ICJ: the 'second death' of
State crimes?
1.2.4.2 Aggression and terrorism: developments in the ICC Statute and
beyond
Chapter 2 - Breach of a primary norm: offence
2.1 Core substantive elements of the offence
2.1.1 The obligations breached by State aggravated offences
2.1.1.1 Serious breaches of peremptory norms (jus cogens): 2001 DASR 40
2.1.1.2 Linking jus cogens and erga omnes obligations: VCLT and VCLTIO
Article 53 and 2001 DASR 40, 42, 48 and 54
2.1.1.3 Serious breaches of erga omnes obligations: 1996 DASR 19 and 40
2.1.1.4 Fundamental obligations
2.1.1.5 Jus cogens, erga omnes obligations and State responsibility in
international case law
2.1.2 Individual criminal responsibility, jus cogens and erga omnes
obligations
2.1.2.1 From criminals to crimes: erga omnes responsibility in the ICC
Statute
2.1.2.2 Erga omnes responsibility in the case law
2.1.3 State aggravated responsibility, individual criminal responsibility,
jus cogens and (non-severable) erga omnes obligations
2.1.3.1 (Non-severable) erga omnes obligations as jus cogens
2.1.3.2 State aggravated offences and individual criminal offences as
breaches of (non-severable) erga omnes obligations
2.2 Attribution of responsibility
2.2.1 Dual conduct
2.2.1.1 Attributing aggravated responsibility to the State based on conduct
of its organs or agents: absolute identity?
2.2.1.2 Individual responsibility for international crimes: mens rea
2.2.2 Attributing individual criminal conduct to the State
2.2.2.1 Individual mens rea versus State objective responsibility?
2.2.2.2 Individual and State mens rea?
2.2.2.3 Assessing State fault on a case-by-case basis under the ILC's DASR
2.3 Dual erga omnes offences
2.3.1 Aggression
2.3.1.1 State conduct as a basis for individual conduct (and vice-versa)
2.3.1.2 Leadership and mens rea
2.3.1.3 Self-Defence as a dual excuse
2.3.2 Core war crimes
2.3.2.1 Individual conduct as a basis for collective responsibility
2.3.2.2 Systemically proving individual mens rea
2.3.3 Core crimes against humanity
2.3.3.1 Systemic conduct
2.3.3.2 Systemically proving individual mens rea
2.3.4 Genocide
2.3.4.1 Individual genocidal conduct without State responsibility?
2.3.4.2 Collective specific intent as a basis for individual intent (and
vice-versa)
2.3.5 Terrorism
2.3.5.1 Political or ideological purpose as a distinguishing material
element
2.3.5.2 Specific intent and collective responsibility
Chapter 3 - Secondary norms: dispute settlement, sanctions and enforcement
3.1 Secondary and tertiary implications of dual erga omnes offences
3.1.1 State aggravated responsibility
3.1.1.1 Institutionalised and non-institutionalised (compulsory) universal
invocation of responsibility: 2001 DASR 41(1), 42(b), 48(1)(b) and 59
3.1.1.2 Non-punitive erga omnes sanctions? 2001 DASR 28-39 and UN Charter
Articles 39-42
3.1.1.3 Institutionalised and non-institutionalised universal enforcement:
2001 DASR 41(1), 54 and 59
3.1.1.4 Rejecting compulsory jurisdiction
3.1.1.5 Punitive erga omnes sanctions? 1996 DASR 41-46 and 52
3.1.1.6 Universal punitive enforcement? 1996 DASR 53
3.1.2 Individual criminal responsibility
3.1.2.1 (Compulsory) universal jurisdiction and complementary international
adjudication
3.1.2.2 (Erga omnes) imprisonment, fines and forfeiture
3.1.2.3 Domestic enforcement
3.2 Procedural intersections
3.2.1 Systemic patterns and inter-temporality
3.2.2 The limits of UN procedures
3.2.2.1 Chapter VII procedures: political and enforcement action for State
aggravated responsibility?
3.2.2.2 The limited role of consensual jurisdiction, particularly the
International Court of Justice
3.2.2 Decentralised State action under general international law
3.2.3 A controversial practice
3.2.3.1 Bosnian genocide
3.2.3.2 Humanitarian crises in Kosovo, Libya and Syria
3.2.3.3 Iraq wars
3.2.3.4 Counter-terrorism in Afghanistan, Syria and Iraq
3.2.4 State and individual immunities as a bar to domestic jurisdiction?
3.2.4.1 State and individual immunities?
3.2.4.2 Intersections
3.2.5 Ad hoc criminal jurisdictions: victors' justice?
3.2.5.1 Power and organic dependence
3.2.5.2 Ex post jurisdictions
3.2.6 The independence of the International Criminal Court
3.2.6.1 Permanency as a guarantee of independence?
3.2.6.2 The UN Security Council and the International Criminal Court
3.2.6.3 Jurisdictional autonomy over aggression?
Conclusion
Antinomies
Ways forward
Bibliography
Index