Ion Channels (eBook, PDF)

Volume 1
Redaktion: Narahashi, T.

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

A wealth of information has been accumulated about the function of ion channels of excitable cells since the extensive and pioneering voltage clamp studies by Hodgkin, Huxley, and Katz 36 years ago. The study of ion chan nels has now reached a stage at which a quantum jump in progress is antici pated. There are many good reasons for this. Patch clamp techniques origi nally developed by Neher and Sakmann 12 years ago have made it possible to study the function of ion channels in a variety of cells. Membrane ionic currents can now be recorded practically from many types of cells using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. The opening and closing of individual ion channels can be analyzed using the single-channel patch clamp method. Techniques have also been developed to incorporate purified ion channels into lipid bilayers to reconstitute an "excitable membrane. " Advanced tech niques developed in molecular biology, genetics, and immunology, such as gene cloning and the use of monoclonal antibodies, are now being applied to the study of ion channels. A variety of drugs have now been found or are suspected to interact with ion channels to exert therapeutic effects. In addition to the classical exam ples, as represented by local anesthetics, many other drugs, including cal cium antagonists, psychoactive drugs, cardiac drugs, and anticonvulsants, shown to alter ion channel function. For certain pesticides such as have been pyrethroids and DDT, sodium channels are clearly the major target site.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer New York
• Seitenzahl: 334
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781461573029
• Artikelnr.: 44179055

Inhaltsangabe

1 Fluorescence Spectroscopy to Probe the Structure and Cellular Dynamics of Ion Channels.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Methods, Principles, and Utility of Fluorescence Spectroscopy.- 3. Selection, Design, and Utilization of Ion Channel Probes.- 4. Fluorescence Spectroscopy of the Voltage-Dependent Na + Channel.- 5. Cellular Mapping of Na+ Channels in Excitable Tissues.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- 2 M Currents.- 1. Prologue.- 2. M Current.- 3. M-Current Kinetics.- 4. Physiological Function.- 5. Pharmacology of M Current.- 6. Synaptic Inhibition of M Current.- 7. Future Work.- 8. References.- 3 Macromolecular Sites for Specific Neurotoxins and Drugs on Chemosensitive Synapses and Electrical Excitation in Biological Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Voltage and Patch Clamping.- 3. Impact of Neurotoxins in Molecular Pharmacology.- 4. The Histrionicotoxins.- 5. Summary.- 6. References.- 4 Developmental Changes in Acetylcholine Receptor Channel Properties of Vertebrate Skeletal Muscle.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Materials and Methods.- 3. Results.- 4. Discussion.- 5. Postscript.- 6. References.- 5 Intracellular ATP and Cardiac Membrane Currents.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Techniques for the Single Cardiac Cell.- 3. Whole-Cell Current and Intracellular ATP Level.- 4. ATP-Sensitive K Channel.- 5. Effects of ATP on Other K Channels.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- 6 Calcium Antagonist Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Radioreceptor Binding Studies.- 3. Atypical Actions of Calcium Antagonists.- 4. The Relation of Calcium Antagonist Receptors to Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channels.- 5. Future Developments in Calcium Antagonist Receptors.- 6. References.- 7 The Amiloride-Blockable Sodium Channel of Epithelial Tissue.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Na+ Uptake at the Apical Membrane.- 3. A6 Cells as a Model for Kidney Distal Tubule.- 4. Single Na + Channel Activity.- 5. A Model for the Regulation of Apical Na+ Permeability.- 6. Future Work.- 7. References.- 8 Ionic Channels in Ocular Epithelia.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Low-Noise Methods and Glass Considerations.- 3. General Approach to Channel Identification.- 4. Selectivity.- 5. Current-Voltage Relations.- 6. Kinetics of Gating.- 7. Characterization of Blockers.- 8. Channel Types Observed in Ocular Epithelia.- 9. References.