Lignocellulose Conversion (eBook, PDF)

Enzymatic and Microbial Tools for Bioethanol Production
Redaktion: Faraco, Vincenza

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Lignocellulose conversion stands out as a key process for the sustainable production of renewable fuels and chemicals. The use of lignocellulosic materials for second generation ethanol production makes it possible to minimize the conflict between land use for food (and feed) and energy production. The lignocellulosic raw materials are less expensive and they present a more even geographical distribution than does conventional agricultural feedstock. Residual biomass such as agro-industrial wastes, agricultural and forest crop residues and the organic and paper fractions of municipal solid waste make up a large percentage of lignocelluloses. Moreover, second generation ethanol production and use show lower greenhouse gas emissions than the first generation fuels, reducing environmental impacts, particularly in terms of climate change.

Lignocellulose conversion into ethanol commonly involves a pretreatment to remove the barrier of lignin and expose plant cell wall polysaccharides, enzymatic saccharification of sugars with a cocktail of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes, and fermentation of the sugars with ethanologenic microorganisms. The commercialization of the process to produce cellulosic ethanol is still limited due to the high costs of current technologies, above all the (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes required to hydrolyze the polysaccharides. The enzymatic hydrolysis may take place in a separate step followed by fermentation called separate hydrolysis and fermentation, or it may take place together with the fermentation in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of hexoses process or simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of both hexoses and pentoses. The ultimate objective is one-step consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulose into bioethanol, in which all the steps take place in a single reactor where a single micro-organism or microbial consortium converts pre-treated biomass into ethanol.

This book presents the main tools, the current technological developments and future prospects in cellulosic ethanol production and research.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• Seitenzahl: 199
• Erscheinungstermin: 12. Juni 2013
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783642378614
• Artikelnr.: 43801699

Inhaltsangabe

Chapter 1. Introduction: potential of cellulosic ethanol Yoichi Honda Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Chapter 2. Lignocellulosic raw materials Yitzhak Hadar, Dep. of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
Chapter 3. The pretreatment step in lignocellulosic biomass conversion: current systems and new biological systems Carlo Ricardo Soccol Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná, Coronel Francisco H. dos Santos Avenue, 210, Zip Code 81531-990 Curitiba, Brazil
Chapter 4. The saccharification step: Thrichoderma reesei cellulase hyperproducer strains Venkatesh Balan Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory (BCRL), Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, University Corporate Research Complex, 3900 Collins Road, Lansing, MI 48910, USA.
Chapter 5. The saccharification step: the main enzymatic components Jean-Guy BERRIN and Bernard HENRISSAT, INRA BCF Biotechnologie des Champignons Filamenteux, UMR 1163 ESIL Faculté des Sciences de Luminy 13009 Marseille France
Chapter 6. The alcohol fermentation step: the most common ethanologenic (Yeasts and Bacteria) microrganisms Binod Parameswaran Biotechnology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
Chapter 7. Extremophilic (hemi)cellulolytic microorganisms and enzymesMarco Moracci Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Chapter 8. Other ethanologenic microrganisms Eulogio Castro Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Jaen, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaen, Spain
Chapter 9. I and II Category Consolidated bioprocessing Vincenza Faraco Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples "Federico II" Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia, 4 IT-80126 Napoli
Chapter 10. Lignocellulosic biorefineryGnansounou Edgard Bioenergy and Energy Planning Research Group (BPE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland