Modern literature in every nation is one of the standards of its awareness and development in the world of thought and feeling. Indeed, it is almost an accurate standard for the civilization of every contemporary nation. Most often, those who judge the literature of a people approach it, starting with the conversation from this literature before its antiquity, due to the proximity of its treatment in Current life, and its depiction of the circumstances and incidents that a person lives with and in. Studying ancient or medieval literature in its time does not always give the reader or researcher the assistance in judging it decisively as if it were in the time of its existence, no matter how much help he finds from the sources of research and knowledge, and he may wish that he were contemporary with it to see it in its immediate reality. Accordingly, modern literature is considered a means close to the critic and inquirer who lives in the time of that literature, so he can know its effects, and discern its direction and features. It is the last form of the nation's brilliance in its cultural field, or the reflection of its livelihood on its methods of expression. Moreover, literature is true mirrors that reflect to the onlookers the nation's thought and art, show the qualities of feeling within it, and reveal the colors of its national and social life.
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