As a contemporary of Arnold Schönberg and Kurt Weill, Max Brand was a figure shaped by late romanticism, futurism, and the early electronic age. The cultural upheaval caused by the Nazis, from whom he fled from Vienna to Rio de Janeiro in 1937, put an end to a very promising career as an opera composer. In 1940 he settled in New York, where he worked to realize his visions of an electronic music machine for the stage. There were many attempts, which all fell short, one of these was an optical synthesizer with waveforms he drew himself, and finally the Moogtonium, a synthesizer based on Oskar Sala's Mixtur-Trautonium and engineered by Robert A. Moog. But development took much too long, and Brand was never able to fulfill his dream of an electronic one-man-orchestra for the opera stage. In 1975 he returned to Austria, where he lived in Langenzersdorf until his death in 1980.
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