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Mass Spectrometry in Drug Metabolism (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

When a dose of drug is administered, three main phases of drug action may be distingushed. In the "pharmaceutical" phase the dosage form disintegrates, the active substance dissolves and becomes available for absorption. The second phase ("pharmaco kinetic" phase) includes absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. That fraction of the dose which finally reaches the circulation after absorption will be available for biological action in the third, or "pharmacodynamic" phase when the drug reaches the target tissues and a drug-receptor interaction takes place. The objectives in studies of drug metabolism are: (a) to identify the pathways by which drugs are transformed in the body; (b) to ascertain quantitatively the importance of each pathway and intermediate; (c) to identify and quantify endogenous constituents influenced by the drug or its metabolites which may interfere with common metabolic processes. Since metabolites usually differ from their precursors by only a single chemical group, the resulting metabolic pathways generally consist of a series of closely related compounds. Mass spectrometry is uniquely suited for the analysis of drugs and metabolites for several reasons: only a minimal amount of sample preparation is needed, closely related compounds can be analyzed in a single step, structures can often be deduced directly from the mass spectra without the need for pure reference spectra, and constituents can be quantified with relative ease even when present in fractional nanogram quantity.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer US
• Seitenzahl: 532
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781461341512
• Artikelnr.: 43993321

Inhaltsangabe

Identification of Drugs and Drug Metabolites.- A study on the metabolism of feprazone utilizing mass spectrometry.- Identification of some urinary metabolites of iopronic acid in human, rat and dog.- Metabolite identification by GC-MS: species differences in the metabolic patterns of isopropylbiphenyl.- Structural elucidation of an S-oxidized metabolite of trithiozine in rat and dog.- Some metabolites of 9-hydroxy-19,20-bis-nor-prostanoic acid.- Formation of a new amino acid as a metabolic intermediate of sodium dipropylacetate.- Identification of the N-acetyl-ß-aryloxyalanines from rats treated with 3-(p-tolyloxy)-1,2-propanediol and 3-phenoxy-1,2-propanediol.- Metabolism in rat, dog and man of difenpiramide, a new anti-inflammatory drug.- Potential drugs from propolis.- Quantitation of Drugs and Drug Metabolites.- Mass fragmentography (single and multiple ion monitoring) in drug research.- Mass spectrometric identification and quantification of compounds involved in the metabolism of pyrazofurin.- Mass spectrometry applied to metabolism studies of Org GC 94, a new anti-migraine drug.- The identification and measurement in urine of dihydrodigoxin, a cardioinactive metabolite of digoxin.- Determination of dimethylnitrosamine in extracts from cultures of Trichomonas vaginalis, using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.- Blood concentrations of monoacylcadaverines in schizophrenia.- MHPG, amitriptyline and depression: a collaborative study.- Drugs and drug metabolites as environmental contaminants: detection of chlorophenoxyisobutyrate and salicylic acid by GC-MS.- Intermediates in the Metabolism of Drugs.- Application of chemical ionization MS and the twin-ion intermediates in technique in the analysis of reactive drug metabolism.- Relationship between structureand metabolism of tricyclic drugs: stable epoxide-diol pathway.- Stable Isotope Labelling.- A study of protein metabolism in chronic-enterocolitis patients and the effect of pharmacological agents using mass spectrometry.- Biochemical applications of high precision isotope analysis by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.- Developments in Methodology.- Chemical ionization mass spectrometry in the identification of drugs and drug metabolites.- Field desorption mass spectrometry of pharmacologically active salts.- Role of computers in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: detection, identification, and quantification in drug metabolism research.- A real time gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer minicomputer system for selected ion analysis.- Drug Abuse.- Can gas chromatography - mass spectrometry influence trends in drugs abuse?.- Characterization of in vivo liver metabolites of ?1--tetrahydrocannabinol by EI and CI mass spectrometry.- Detection and quantification of cannabinoids in human blood plasma.- Identification of a major metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol in plasma and urine from cannabis smokers.- Analysis of impurities in illicit heroin by mass spectrometry.- Screening by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for metabolites of five commonly used anabolic steroid drugs.- Mass spectrometry in acute intoxication diagnostics: aspects and experiences.- Participants.