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Das Vertrauen in die Institutionen des demokratischen Staates sinkt. Die Nachrichtenmedien werden von dieser Entwicklung nicht verschont. In einer länderübergreifenden Analyse kommt Jan Müller zu dem überraschenden Ergebnis, dass zwar in westlichen Demokratien ein ausgeprägter Vertrauensverlust in die Medien zu verzeichnen ist, Nachrichtenmedien in autoritären Regimen dagegen von der Bevölkerung als wesentlich glaubwürdiger eingeschätzt werden. Dieser Befund erklärt sich mit dem sogenannten emanzipativen Wertewandel: Je höher die Bildungsressourcen eines Volkes sind, desto ausgeprägter ist das…mehr
Das Vertrauen in die Institutionen des demokratischen Staates sinkt. Die Nachrichtenmedien werden von dieser Entwicklung nicht verschont. In einer länderübergreifenden Analyse kommt Jan Müller zu dem überraschenden Ergebnis, dass zwar in westlichen Demokratien ein ausgeprägter Vertrauensverlust in die Medien zu verzeichnen ist, Nachrichtenmedien in autoritären Regimen dagegen von der Bevölkerung als wesentlich glaubwürdiger eingeschätzt werden. Dieser Befund erklärt sich mit dem sogenannten emanzipativen Wertewandel: Je höher die Bildungsressourcen eines Volkes sind, desto ausgeprägter ist das Maß der kritischen Distanzierung von staatlichen und politischen Institutionen.
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Autorenporträt
Jan Müller arbeitet am Zentrum für Demokratieforschung an der Universität Lüneburg.
Inhaltsangabe
Table of Content1. Introduction91.1 Trust in Democratic Institutions121.2 Trust in the News Media211.3 Summary32Part I: Theoretical Framework2. Trust392.1 Defining Trust402.2 Reducing Complexity412.3 A Rational-Choice Notion of Trust452.4 Cues for Trustworthiness512.5 Trust and Modernity532.6 A Decrease in Familiarity583. Trust in the News Media623.1 Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere643.2 Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere713.3 Critical Theory of the Public Sphere844. Summary and Hypotheses914.1 Trust and the Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere934.2 Trust and the Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere954.3 Trust and the Critical Theory of the Public Sphere96Part II: Analysis and Findings5. Measuring Trust in the News Media1015.1 Operationalizing Trust in the News Media1025.2 Assessing Trust1035.3 Is the Loss of Trust in Democratic Countries a Result of Survey Research Bias?1105.4 Summary1116. Trust in the News Media over Time and across Countries1126.1 Trust in the Printed Press in Western Europe, Canada and the USA1136.2 Trust in the Printed Press, Television and Radio in Western Europe1176.3 Trust in the News Media in the USA1236.4 Trust in the News Media in Countries with Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes1276.5 Summary1307. Trust and Emancipative Values1347.1 Individual-Level Predictors of Trust in the News Media1347.2 The Operationalization of Emancipative Value Change1367.3 Emancipative Values and Trust in the News Media1457.4 Trust in Commercial-, Public Service-, and User-Generated News Media1537.5 Summary1598. Trust and the Processing of Information1608.1 The Elaborative Processing of Political Information1638.2 Need-for-Cognition and Surveillance Gratification1678.3 Trust and Diversity of the News Media1748.4 Summary1759. Consequences of Trust1799.1 Political Knowledge and Political Action1799.2 Knowledge of the European Union and the Frequency of Discussing Political Matters1919.3 Summary19410. Conclusions19610.1 Summary of the Findings19610.2 Dynamics of Trust in the News Media19910.3 Trust and Institutions20110.4 Public Sphere and Democracy20310.5 The (Ir)relevance of Trust in the News Media203References205Index223Table of Content
1. Introduction9 1.1 Trust in Democratic Institutions12 1.2 Trust in the News Media21 1.3 Summary32
Part I: Theoretical Framework
2. Trust39 2.1 Defining Trust40 2.2 Reducing Complexity41 2.3 A Rational-Choice Notion of Trust45 2.4 Cues for Trustworthiness51 2.5 Trust and Modernity53 2.6 A Decrease in Familiarity58
3. Trust in the News Media62 3.1 Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere64 3.2 Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere71 3.3 Critical Theory of the Public Sphere84
4. Summary and Hypotheses91 4.1 Trust and the Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere93 4.2 Trust and the Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere95 4.3 Trust and the Critical Theory of the Public Sphere96
Part II: Analysis and Findings
5. Measuring Trust in the News Media101 5.1 Operationalizing Trust in the News Media102 5.2 Assessing Trust103 5.3 Is the Loss of Trust in Democratic Countries a Result of Survey Research Bias?110 5.4 Summary111
6. Trust in the News Media over Time and across Countries112 6.1 Trust in the Printed Press in Western Europe, Canada and the USA113 6.2 Trust in the Printed Press, Television and Radio in Western Europe117 6.3 Trust in the News Media in the USA123 6.4 Trust in the News Media in Countries with Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes127 6.5 Summary130
7. Trust and Emancipative Values134 7.1 Individual-Level Predictors of Trust in the News Media134 7.2 The Operationalization of Emancipative Value Change136 7.3 Emancipative Values and Trust in the News Media145 7.4 Trust in Commercial-, Public Service-, and User-Generated News Media153 7.5 Summary159
8. Trust and the Processing of Information160 8.1 The Elaborative Processing of Political Information163 8.2 Need-for-Cognition and Surveillance Gratification167 8.3 Trust and Diversity of the News Media174 8.4 Summary175
9. Consequences of Trust179 9.1 Political Knowledge and Political Action179 9.2 Knowledge of the European Union and the Frequency of Discussing Political Matters191 9.3 Summary194
10. Conclusions196 10.1 Summary of the Findings196 10.2 Dynamics of Trust in the News Media199 10.3 Trust and Institutions201 10.4 Public Sphere and Democracy203 10.5 The (Ir)relevance of Trust in the News Media203
Table of Content1. Introduction91.1 Trust in Democratic Institutions121.2 Trust in the News Media211.3 Summary32Part I: Theoretical Framework2. Trust392.1 Defining Trust402.2 Reducing Complexity412.3 A Rational-Choice Notion of Trust452.4 Cues for Trustworthiness512.5 Trust and Modernity532.6 A Decrease in Familiarity583. Trust in the News Media623.1 Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere643.2 Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere713.3 Critical Theory of the Public Sphere844. Summary and Hypotheses914.1 Trust and the Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere934.2 Trust and the Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere954.3 Trust and the Critical Theory of the Public Sphere96Part II: Analysis and Findings5. Measuring Trust in the News Media1015.1 Operationalizing Trust in the News Media1025.2 Assessing Trust1035.3 Is the Loss of Trust in Democratic Countries a Result of Survey Research Bias?1105.4 Summary1116. Trust in the News Media over Time and across Countries1126.1 Trust in the Printed Press in Western Europe, Canada and the USA1136.2 Trust in the Printed Press, Television and Radio in Western Europe1176.3 Trust in the News Media in the USA1236.4 Trust in the News Media in Countries with Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes1276.5 Summary1307. Trust and Emancipative Values1347.1 Individual-Level Predictors of Trust in the News Media1347.2 The Operationalization of Emancipative Value Change1367.3 Emancipative Values and Trust in the News Media1457.4 Trust in Commercial-, Public Service-, and User-Generated News Media1537.5 Summary1598. Trust and the Processing of Information1608.1 The Elaborative Processing of Political Information1638.2 Need-for-Cognition and Surveillance Gratification1678.3 Trust and Diversity of the News Media1748.4 Summary1759. Consequences of Trust1799.1 Political Knowledge and Political Action1799.2 Knowledge of the European Union and the Frequency of Discussing Political Matters1919.3 Summary19410. Conclusions19610.1 Summary of the Findings19610.2 Dynamics of Trust in the News Media19910.3 Trust and Institutions20110.4 Public Sphere and Democracy20310.5 The (Ir)relevance of Trust in the News Media203References205Index223Table of Content
1. Introduction9 1.1 Trust in Democratic Institutions12 1.2 Trust in the News Media21 1.3 Summary32
Part I: Theoretical Framework
2. Trust39 2.1 Defining Trust40 2.2 Reducing Complexity41 2.3 A Rational-Choice Notion of Trust45 2.4 Cues for Trustworthiness51 2.5 Trust and Modernity53 2.6 A Decrease in Familiarity58
3. Trust in the News Media62 3.1 Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere64 3.2 Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere71 3.3 Critical Theory of the Public Sphere84
4. Summary and Hypotheses91 4.1 Trust and the Market-Oriented Theory of the Public Sphere93 4.2 Trust and the Deliberative Theory of the Public Sphere95 4.3 Trust and the Critical Theory of the Public Sphere96
Part II: Analysis and Findings
5. Measuring Trust in the News Media101 5.1 Operationalizing Trust in the News Media102 5.2 Assessing Trust103 5.3 Is the Loss of Trust in Democratic Countries a Result of Survey Research Bias?110 5.4 Summary111
6. Trust in the News Media over Time and across Countries112 6.1 Trust in the Printed Press in Western Europe, Canada and the USA113 6.2 Trust in the Printed Press, Television and Radio in Western Europe117 6.3 Trust in the News Media in the USA123 6.4 Trust in the News Media in Countries with Democratic and Authoritarian Regimes127 6.5 Summary130
7. Trust and Emancipative Values134 7.1 Individual-Level Predictors of Trust in the News Media134 7.2 The Operationalization of Emancipative Value Change136 7.3 Emancipative Values and Trust in the News Media145 7.4 Trust in Commercial-, Public Service-, and User-Generated News Media153 7.5 Summary159
8. Trust and the Processing of Information160 8.1 The Elaborative Processing of Political Information163 8.2 Need-for-Cognition and Surveillance Gratification167 8.3 Trust and Diversity of the News Media174 8.4 Summary175
9. Consequences of Trust179 9.1 Political Knowledge and Political Action179 9.2 Knowledge of the European Union and the Frequency of Discussing Political Matters191 9.3 Summary194
10. Conclusions196 10.1 Summary of the Findings196 10.2 Dynamics of Trust in the News Media199 10.3 Trust and Institutions201 10.4 Public Sphere and Democracy203 10.5 The (Ir)relevance of Trust in the News Media203
References205 Index223
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