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John Duns Scotus is arguably one of the most significant philosopher theologians of the middle ages who has often been overlooked. This book serves to recover his rightful place in the history of Western philosophy revealing that he is in fact one of the great masters of our philosophical heritage. Among the fields to which Scotus has made an immense contribution are logic, metaphysics, philosophy of mind and action, and ethical theory.The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus provides a formidable yet comprehensive overview of the life and works of this Scottish-born philosopher. Vos has…mehr
John Duns Scotus is arguably one of the most significant philosopher theologians of the middle ages who has often been overlooked. This book serves to recover his rightful place in the history of Western philosophy revealing that he is in fact one of the great masters of our philosophical heritage. Among the fields to which Scotus has made an immense contribution are logic, metaphysics, philosophy of mind and action, and ethical theory.The Philosophy of John Duns Scotus provides a formidable yet comprehensive overview of the life and works of this Scottish-born philosopher. Vos has successfully combined his lifetime of dedicated study with the significant body of biographical literature, resulting in a unique look at the life and works of this philosopher theologian. This book will be a valuable addition to any collection on the History of Philosophy.
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Autorenporträt
Antonie Vos is Lecturer in Systematic Theology, Church History and Medieval Thought for the Netherlands Reformed Church, at the University of Utrecht. He is editor of Duns Scotus on Divine Love: Texts and Commentary on Goodness and Freedom, God and Humans (Ashgate, 2003) and Contingency and Freedom: John Duns Scotus Lectura 139 (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994).
Inhaltsangabe
INDEX FOREWORD INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction 2. Philosophy versus theology 3. The duality of a history of what is a-historical 4. Later medieval versus early modern centuries 5. The topicality of philosophical legacies 6. Overview I LIFE I. DUNS AND OXFORD 1.1 Introduction 1.2 A Scottish boy 1.3 Student of divinity at Oxford 1.4 A senior theological student 1.5 Bachelor of divinity 1.6 Lectura I-II 1.7 Baccalaureus biblicus and baccalaureus formatus 1.8 Oxford and Paris II LIFE II. PARIS, OXFORD, CAMBRIDGE, AND COLOGNE 2.1 Introduction 2.2 At Paris I: 1301-1303 2.3 Oxford: again at home and baccalaureus sententiarius at Cambridge 2.4 At Paris II: baccalaureus 1304-1306 2.5 At last: magister at Paris 2.6 A problem historical interlude 2.7 Professor at Paris (1306-1307) and Cologne (1307-1308) 2.8 Epilogue III TWO CRITICAL TEXT REVOLUTIONS 3.1 The fate of an oeuvre 3.2 From the history of Duns Scotus' oeuvre 3.3 The first revolution in textual criticism: the spurious works 3.4 The second revolution in textual criticism during the 1920s 3.5 Tragedy and perspective 3.6 The authentic works 3.7 The moral IV LOGIC MATTERS 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The significance of John Duns' logical writings 4.3 The subject-matter of logic 4.4 Meaning 4.5 The problem of meaning and the problem of knowledge 4.6 Concept 4.7 Proposition 4.8 Negation 4.9 Truth 4.10 Logical impossibility and logical possibility 4.11 Elements of the theory of relation 4.12 The impact of John Duns' early development V ARS OBLIGATORIA 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The identity of the textbook on the ars obligatoria referred to by Duns 5.3 The identity of the magister artis obligatoriae in Lectura I 39,59 5.4 Sherwood's Obligationes and Duns' Lectura 5.5 Impossibilis positio 5.6 Consequentia naturalis and consequentia innaturalis 5.7 Perspective VI CONCEPTUAL DEVICES 6.1 Introduction 6.2 In sensu composito and in sensu diviso 6.3 Ante and post 6.4 The nature of 'nature': prioritas naturâ (structural priority) 6.5 Instantia (structural moments) 6.6 Real and rational relations and identity 6.7 The formal distinction 6.8 A little epilogue VII ONTOLOGY 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The subject-matter of ontology 7.3 The ontology of contingency 7.4 The neutral proposition 7.5 Essence and existence 7.6 Real and rationa relations 7.7 Universals 7.8 Conceptual univocity 7.9 Transcendent terms VIII EPISTEMOLOGY 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Methodological parsimony: the razor Scoti 8.3 The theoretical background of Lectura I 3,172-181 8.4 Deductive knowledge 8.5 Experiential and inductive knowledge 8.6 Knowledge of personal acts 8.7 Intuitive knowledge 8.8 Memory 8.9 The perspective of an epistemological revolution IX ARGUMENT, PROOF AND SCIENCE 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Kinds of arguments 9.4 Theory of science 9.5 The dilemma of provability 9.6 Gilson on Duns Scotus' theory of proof 9.7 Conclusion X PHYSICS 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Matter 10.3 Unity 10.4 The plurality of forms 10.5 Accidents 10.6 Astronomical themes 10.7 Theology and the scientific revolution XI INDIVIDUALITY, INDIVIDUALS, WILL AND FREEDOM 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The matter theory of individuality 11.3 A nominalist theory of individuality 11.4 Individuality 11.5 Will 11.6 Paris versus Oxford? 11.7 Freewill and freedom 11.8 Perspective XII ETHICAL STRUCTURES AND ISSUES 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Duns' ethical paradox 12.3 Scotian ethical language 12.4 Ethical structures 12.5 Love of God and love of neighbor 12.6 Slavery 12.7 The Quintonian and Harrisian fallacies 12.8 Ethical revocation 12.9 The structure of the ethics of virtue 12.10 The unity of virtue 12.11 Perspective XIII THE PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY OF GOD 13.1 Introduction 13.2 The existence of God 13.3 God's knowledge 13.4 The contingent nature of God's immutable and perfect knowledge 13.5 God's will 13.6 Perspective XIV JOHN DUNS, ARISTOTLE AND PHILOSOPHY 14.1 Introduction 14.2 The 'philosophers' and philosophy 14.3 Henry of Ghent/Duns Scotus versus Aristotle/Avicenna 14.4 Lectura I 8: the 'philosophical' way of ideas 14.5 Theologia against the philosophers 14.6 Proof theoretical comments 14.7 'Theology' and 'philosophy' 14.8 An auctoritates culture 14.9 The perspective of a dilemma XV IDEA HISTORICAL DILEMMAS CONCERNING DUNS SCOTUS' THOUGHT 15.1 Introduction 15.2 The dilemma of modern studies in the history of medieval philosophy 15.3 The rebound of the 'historiens croyants' 15.4 Étienne Henri Gilson (1884-1978) 15.5 Lambertus Marie de Rijk (* 1924) 15.6 On the paradox of Western philosophy XVI PHILOSOPHY IN A NEW KEY - EXTRAPOLATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 16.1 Introduction 16.2 The dilemma of the history of medieval philosophy 16.3 Some characteristics of Duns Scotus' oeuvre 16.4 The philosophical dilemma of two philosophies: immutability in a new key 16.5 The depth structure of Duns Scotus' way of thinking 16.6 Logic and semantics 16.7 Knowledge and proof 16.8 The ontology of reality 16.9 An ethics of dignity and love 16.10 God 16.11 A perspective: philosophia christiana ABBREVIATIONS Reference devices BIBLIOGRAPHY OPERA OMNIA CRITICAL EDITIONS BIBLIOGRAPHIES STUDIA SCOTISTICA LATIN BIBLIOGRAPHY.
INDEX FOREWORD INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction 2. Philosophy versus theology 3. The duality of a history of what is a-historical 4. Later medieval versus early modern centuries 5. The topicality of philosophical legacies 6. Overview I LIFE I. DUNS AND OXFORD 1.1 Introduction 1.2 A Scottish boy 1.3 Student of divinity at Oxford 1.4 A senior theological student 1.5 Bachelor of divinity 1.6 Lectura I-II 1.7 Baccalaureus biblicus and baccalaureus formatus 1.8 Oxford and Paris II LIFE II. PARIS, OXFORD, CAMBRIDGE, AND COLOGNE 2.1 Introduction 2.2 At Paris I: 1301-1303 2.3 Oxford: again at home and baccalaureus sententiarius at Cambridge 2.4 At Paris II: baccalaureus 1304-1306 2.5 At last: magister at Paris 2.6 A problem historical interlude 2.7 Professor at Paris (1306-1307) and Cologne (1307-1308) 2.8 Epilogue III TWO CRITICAL TEXT REVOLUTIONS 3.1 The fate of an oeuvre 3.2 From the history of Duns Scotus' oeuvre 3.3 The first revolution in textual criticism: the spurious works 3.4 The second revolution in textual criticism during the 1920s 3.5 Tragedy and perspective 3.6 The authentic works 3.7 The moral IV LOGIC MATTERS 4.1 Introduction 4.2 The significance of John Duns' logical writings 4.3 The subject-matter of logic 4.4 Meaning 4.5 The problem of meaning and the problem of knowledge 4.6 Concept 4.7 Proposition 4.8 Negation 4.9 Truth 4.10 Logical impossibility and logical possibility 4.11 Elements of the theory of relation 4.12 The impact of John Duns' early development V ARS OBLIGATORIA 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The identity of the textbook on the ars obligatoria referred to by Duns 5.3 The identity of the magister artis obligatoriae in Lectura I 39,59 5.4 Sherwood's Obligationes and Duns' Lectura 5.5 Impossibilis positio 5.6 Consequentia naturalis and consequentia innaturalis 5.7 Perspective VI CONCEPTUAL DEVICES 6.1 Introduction 6.2 In sensu composito and in sensu diviso 6.3 Ante and post 6.4 The nature of 'nature': prioritas naturâ (structural priority) 6.5 Instantia (structural moments) 6.6 Real and rational relations and identity 6.7 The formal distinction 6.8 A little epilogue VII ONTOLOGY 7.1 Introduction 7.2 The subject-matter of ontology 7.3 The ontology of contingency 7.4 The neutral proposition 7.5 Essence and existence 7.6 Real and rationa relations 7.7 Universals 7.8 Conceptual univocity 7.9 Transcendent terms VIII EPISTEMOLOGY 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Methodological parsimony: the razor Scoti 8.3 The theoretical background of Lectura I 3,172-181 8.4 Deductive knowledge 8.5 Experiential and inductive knowledge 8.6 Knowledge of personal acts 8.7 Intuitive knowledge 8.8 Memory 8.9 The perspective of an epistemological revolution IX ARGUMENT, PROOF AND SCIENCE 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Kinds of arguments 9.4 Theory of science 9.5 The dilemma of provability 9.6 Gilson on Duns Scotus' theory of proof 9.7 Conclusion X PHYSICS 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Matter 10.3 Unity 10.4 The plurality of forms 10.5 Accidents 10.6 Astronomical themes 10.7 Theology and the scientific revolution XI INDIVIDUALITY, INDIVIDUALS, WILL AND FREEDOM 11.1 Introduction 11.2 The matter theory of individuality 11.3 A nominalist theory of individuality 11.4 Individuality 11.5 Will 11.6 Paris versus Oxford? 11.7 Freewill and freedom 11.8 Perspective XII ETHICAL STRUCTURES AND ISSUES 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Duns' ethical paradox 12.3 Scotian ethical language 12.4 Ethical structures 12.5 Love of God and love of neighbor 12.6 Slavery 12.7 The Quintonian and Harrisian fallacies 12.8 Ethical revocation 12.9 The structure of the ethics of virtue 12.10 The unity of virtue 12.11 Perspective XIII THE PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY OF GOD 13.1 Introduction 13.2 The existence of God 13.3 God's knowledge 13.4 The contingent nature of God's immutable and perfect knowledge 13.5 God's will 13.6 Perspective XIV JOHN DUNS, ARISTOTLE AND PHILOSOPHY 14.1 Introduction 14.2 The 'philosophers' and philosophy 14.3 Henry of Ghent/Duns Scotus versus Aristotle/Avicenna 14.4 Lectura I 8: the 'philosophical' way of ideas 14.5 Theologia against the philosophers 14.6 Proof theoretical comments 14.7 'Theology' and 'philosophy' 14.8 An auctoritates culture 14.9 The perspective of a dilemma XV IDEA HISTORICAL DILEMMAS CONCERNING DUNS SCOTUS' THOUGHT 15.1 Introduction 15.2 The dilemma of modern studies in the history of medieval philosophy 15.3 The rebound of the 'historiens croyants' 15.4 Étienne Henri Gilson (1884-1978) 15.5 Lambertus Marie de Rijk (* 1924) 15.6 On the paradox of Western philosophy XVI PHILOSOPHY IN A NEW KEY - EXTRAPOLATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES 16.1 Introduction 16.2 The dilemma of the history of medieval philosophy 16.3 Some characteristics of Duns Scotus' oeuvre 16.4 The philosophical dilemma of two philosophies: immutability in a new key 16.5 The depth structure of Duns Scotus' way of thinking 16.6 Logic and semantics 16.7 Knowledge and proof 16.8 The ontology of reality 16.9 An ethics of dignity and love 16.10 God 16.11 A perspective: philosophia christiana ABBREVIATIONS Reference devices BIBLIOGRAPHY OPERA OMNIA CRITICAL EDITIONS BIBLIOGRAPHIES STUDIA SCOTISTICA LATIN BIBLIOGRAPHY.
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