Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion (eBook, ePUB)

Redaktion: Pandikumar, Alagarsamy; Ramaraj, Ramasamy

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

An interdisciplinary guide to the newest solar cell technology for efficient renewable energy Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion explores the development of the most recent solar technology and materials used to manufacture solar cells in order to achieve higher solar energy conversion efficiency. The text offers an interdisciplinary approach and combines information on dye-sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, polymer solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and quantum dot solar cells. The text contains contributions from noted experts in the fields of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. The authors review the development of components such as photoanodes, sensitizers, electrolytes, and photocathodes for high performance dye-sensitized solar cells. In addition, the text puts the focus on the design of material assemblies to achieve higher solar energy conversion. This important resource: * Offers a comprehensive review of recent developments in solar cell technology * Includes information on a variety of solar cell materials and devices, focusing on dye-sensitized solar cells * Contains a thorough approach beginning with the fundamental material characterization and concluding with real-world device application. * Presents content from researchers in multiple fields of study such as physicists, engineers, and material scientists Written for researchers, scientists, and engineers in university and industry laboratories, Rational Design of Solar Cells for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion offers a comprehensive review of the newest developments and applications of solar cells with contributions from a range of experts in various disciplines.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Jossey-Bass
• Seitenzahl: 400
• Erscheinungstermin: 5. September 2018
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119437451
• Artikelnr.: 53998919

Autorenporträt

Alagarsamy Pandikumar, Ph.D., is a Scientist at the Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, and leads the Solar Energy Materials Research Group. Ramasamy Ramaraj, Ph.D., is a CSIR-Emeritus Scientist in the School of Chemistry, at Madurai Kamaraj University, where he continues his research work on photoelectrochemistry.

Inhaltsangabe

Biographies xiii

List of Contributors xv

Preface xix

1 Metal Nanoparticle Decorated ZnO Nanostructure Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 1
Gregory Thien Soon How, Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam, Alagarsamy Pandikumar, and Nay Ming Huang

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Metal Dressed ZnO Nanostructures as Photoanodes 3

1.2.1 Metal Dressed ZnO Nanoparticles as Photoanodes 4

1.2.2 Metal Dressed ZnO Nanorods as Photoanodes 6

1.2.3 Metal Dressed ZnO Nanoflowers as Photoanodes 8

1.2.4 Metal Dressed ZnO Nanowires as Photoanodes 8

1.2.5 Less Common Metal Dressed ZnO Nanostructures as Photoanodes 10

1.2.6 Comparison of the Performance of Metal Dressed ZnO Nanostructures in DSSCs 10

1.3 Conclusions and Outlook 11

References 13

2 Cosensitization Strategies for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 15
Gachumale Saritha, Sambandam Anandan, and Muthupandian Ashokkumar

2.1 Introduction 15

2.2 Cosensitization 18

2.2.1 Cosensitization of Metal Complexes with Organic Dyes 19

2.2.1.1 Phthalocyanine-based Metal Complexes 19

2.2.1.2 Porphyrin-based Metal Complexes 21

2.2.1.3 Ruthenium-based Metal Complexes 27

2.2.2 Cosensitization of Organic-Organic Dyes 41

2.3 Conclusions 51

Acknowledgements 51

References 52

3 Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells - Strategies and Measures 61
N. Prabavathy, R. Balasundaraprabhu, and Dhayalan Velauthapillai

3.1 Introduction 61

3.1.1 Mechanism of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Compared with the Z-scheme of Photosynthesis 62

3.2 Components of Dye-sensitized Solar Cell 63

3.2.1 Photoelectrode 63

3.2.2 Dye 64

3.2.3 Liquid Electrolyte 64

3.2.4 Counterelectrode 65

3.3 Fabrication of Natural DSSCs 65

3.3.1 Preparation of TiO2 Nanorods by the Hydrothermal Method 65

3.3.2 Characterization of the Photoelectrode for DSSCs 66

3.3.3 Preparation of Natural Dye 67

3.3.4 Sensitization 68

3.3.5 Arrangement of the DSSC 68

3.4 Efficiency and Stability Enhancement in Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 68

3.4.1 Effect of Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Molecules on the Photostability of Natural Dyes 69

3.4.1.1 Important Points to be Considered for the Preparation of Photoelectrodes 70

3.4.2 Citric Acid - Best Solvent for Extracting Anthocyanins 70

3.4.3. Algal Buffer Layer to Improve Stability of Anthocyanins in DSSCs 72

3.4.3.1 Preparation of Buffer Layers - Sodium Alginate and Spirulina 73

3.4.4 Sodium-doped Nanorods for Enhancing the Natural DSSC Performance 75

3.4.4.1 Preparing Sodium-doped Nanorods as the Photoelectrode 75

3.4.5 Absorber Material for Liquid Electrolytes to Avoid Leakage 77

3.5 Other Strategies and Measures taken in DSSCs Using Natural Dyes 79

3.6 Conclusions 82

References 82

4 Advantages of Polymer Electrolytes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 85
L.P. Teo and A.K. Arof

4.1 Why Solar Cells? 85

4.2 Structure and Working Principle of DSSCs with Gel Polymer Electrolytes (GPEs) 86

4.3 Gel Polymer Electrolytes (GPEs) 87

4.3.1 Chitosan (Ch) and Blends 88

4.3.2 Phthaloylchitosan (PhCh) and Blends 91

4.3.3 Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) 98

4.3.4 Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) 105

4.3.5 Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVdF) 109

4.4 Summary and Outlook 110

Acknowledgements 111

References 111

5 Advantages of Polymer Electrolytes Towards Dye-sensitized Solar C