Immanuel Kant

Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone (eBook, ePUB)

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Immanuel Kant is considered to be one of the most important and influential figures in Western philosophy for his work in the areas of metaphysics, anthropology, theoretical physics, logic, and moral philosophy. Remarkably, Kant never left the town of Königsberg, Germany, where he had been born, received schooling, and served as lecturer at the University for many years. In his "Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals" Kant introduced his concept of the categorical imperative, the moral law by which he based his entire ethical philosophy. This includes his philosophy of religion, which he expounds on in his "Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone". The work is divided into four parts, the first of which discusses the inherent evil, or selfishness, in human nature. The second part casts god and the devil as true personifications of good and evil in conflict. The third part deals with morality within the church, and the final part attacks those religious figures and church members who base their belief in miracles and supernatural elements, as opposed to moral law. This edition includes a biographical afterword.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Neeland Media LLC
• Erscheinungstermin: 8. Mai 2024
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781420982220
• Artikelnr.: 70631942

Autorenporträt

Immanuel Kant ( 22 April 1724 - 12 February 1804) was an influential German philosopher[23] in the Age of Enlightenment. In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, he argued that space, time, and causation are mere sensibilities; "things-in-themselves" exist, but their nature is unknowable.[24][25] In his view, the mind shapes and structures experience, with all human experience sharing certain structural features. In one of his major works, the Critique of Pure Reason (1781; second edition 1787),[26] he drew a parallel to the Copernican revolution in his proposition that worldly objects can be intuited a priori ('beforehand'), and that intuition is therefore independent from objective reality.[b] Kant believed that reason is also the source of morality, and that aesthetics arise from a faculty of disinterested judgment. Kant's views continue to have a major influence on contemporary philosophy, especially the fields of epistemology, ethics, political theory, and post-modern aesthetics. He attempted to explain the relationship between reason and human experience and to move beyond the failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He wanted to put an end to what he saw as an era of futile and speculative theories of human experience, while resisting the skepticism of thinkers such as David Hume. He regarded himself as showing the way past the impasse between rationalists and empiricists,[28] and is widely held to have synthesized both traditions in his thought.[29] Kant was an exponent of the idea that perpetual peace could be secured through universal democracy and international cooperation. He believed that this would be the eventual outcome of universal history, although it is not rationally planned.[30] The nature of Kant's religious ideas continues to be the subject of philosophical dispute, with viewpoints ranging from the impression that he was an initial advocate of atheism who at some point developed an ontological argument for God, to more critical treatments epitomized by Schopenhauer, who criticized the imperative form of Kantian ethics as "theological morals" and the "Mosaic Decalogue in disguise",[31] and Nietzsche, who claimed that Kant had "theologian blood"[32] and was merely a sophisticated apologist for traditional Christian faith