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El Salvador's civil war between the Salvadoran government and Marxist guerrillas erupted into full force in early 1981 and endured for eleven bloody years. Unwilling to tolerate an advance of Soviet and Cuban-backed communism in its geopolitical backyard, the US provided over six billion dollars in military and economic aid to the Salvadoran government. El Salvador was a deeply controversial issue in American society and divided Congress and the public into left and right. Relying on thousands of archival documents as well as interviews with participants on both sides of the war, The Salvador…mehr
El Salvador's civil war between the Salvadoran government and Marxist guerrillas erupted into full force in early 1981 and endured for eleven bloody years. Unwilling to tolerate an advance of Soviet and Cuban-backed communism in its geopolitical backyard, the US provided over six billion dollars in military and economic aid to the Salvadoran government. El Salvador was a deeply controversial issue in American society and divided Congress and the public into left and right. Relying on thousands of archival documents as well as interviews with participants on both sides of the war, The Salvador Option offers a thorough and fair-minded interpretation of the available evidence. If success is defined narrowly, there is little question that the Salvador Option achieved its Cold War strategic objectives of checking communism. Much more difficult, however, is to determine what human price this 'success' entailed - a toll suffered almost entirely by Salvadorans in this brutal civil war.
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Autorenporträt
Russell Crandall is a Professor of American foreign policy at Davidson College. His previous books include America's Dirty Wars: Irregular Warfare from 1776 to the War on Terror (2014), The United States and Latin America after the Cold War (2008), Gunboat Democracy: US Interventions in the Dominican Republic, Grenada, and Panama, and Driven by Drugs: US Policy toward Colombia (2006). Interwoven with his academic career, Crandall has held foreign policy appointments within several sectors of the US government, including the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Office of the Secretary of Defense at the Pentagon, and the National Security Council at the White House. He is also a writer at American Interest magazine, a member of the editorial board at America's Quarterly magazine, and a contributing editor and book reviewer at the journal Survival: Global Policy and Strategy.
Inhaltsangabe
1. Introduction Part I. El Salvador in the Cold War: 2. Farabundo Martí, la matanza, and a stolen election 3. The United States in Latin America 4. American military mission in El Salvador 5. A divided nation: military traditions, democratic third way, and liberation theology 6. Guerrillas are born Part II. Jimmy Carter: 7. Revolution and counterinsurgency in Guatemala 8. Mass organizations 9. Carter arrives 10. Carter and the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua, 1979 11. An October coup 12. Carter engages Salvador 13. Archbishop Romero 14. Land 15. The American churchwomen 16. Arming the rebels 17. Guerrilla final offensive, January 1981 18. Death squads Part III. Ronald Reagan: 19. Reagan arrives 20. Reagan and Salvador 21. El Mozote 22. Another Vietnam 23. Solidarity 24. Troop cap and certifying human rights 25. Reagan gambles on elections, 1982 26. The Shultz doctrine 27. Human rights 28. Henry Kissinger 29. Contras 30. 'Elections yes, dialogue no', 1984 presidential election 31. La Palma 32. Esquipulas 33. Counterinsurgency I 34. Counterinsurgency II 35. Zona rosa 36. Air war 37. José Napoleón Duarte 38. Iran-Contra Part IV. George H. W. Bush: 39. Elusive justice 40. Pessimism 41. Bush arrives 42. Bush, Cristiani, and the 1989 vote 43. Guerrilla 'second' final offensive, 1989 44. Jesuit killings 45. SAMs 46. United Nations and peace 47. Demobilization Part V. Post-war: 48. Post-war Salvador 49. Concluding thoughts Bibliography.
1. Introduction Part I. El Salvador in the Cold War: 2. Farabundo Martí, la matanza, and a stolen election 3. The United States in Latin America 4. American military mission in El Salvador 5. A divided nation: military traditions, democratic third way, and liberation theology 6. Guerrillas are born Part II. Jimmy Carter: 7. Revolution and counterinsurgency in Guatemala 8. Mass organizations 9. Carter arrives 10. Carter and the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua, 1979 11. An October coup 12. Carter engages Salvador 13. Archbishop Romero 14. Land 15. The American churchwomen 16. Arming the rebels 17. Guerrilla final offensive, January 1981 18. Death squads Part III. Ronald Reagan: 19. Reagan arrives 20. Reagan and Salvador 21. El Mozote 22. Another Vietnam 23. Solidarity 24. Troop cap and certifying human rights 25. Reagan gambles on elections, 1982 26. The Shultz doctrine 27. Human rights 28. Henry Kissinger 29. Contras 30. 'Elections yes, dialogue no', 1984 presidential election 31. La Palma 32. Esquipulas 33. Counterinsurgency I 34. Counterinsurgency II 35. Zona rosa 36. Air war 37. José Napoleón Duarte 38. Iran-Contra Part IV. George H. W. Bush: 39. Elusive justice 40. Pessimism 41. Bush arrives 42. Bush, Cristiani, and the 1989 vote 43. Guerrilla 'second' final offensive, 1989 44. Jesuit killings 45. SAMs 46. United Nations and peace 47. Demobilization Part V. Post-war: 48. Post-war Salvador 49. Concluding thoughts Bibliography.
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