"Marketing is a battle of perceptions,'' they suggest. Marketers must persuade their customers that their product is the best for them. There is no substitute for being first (in the customer's mind, that is, which is different from being first in the marketplace), even if you have to invent a new category, because changing someone's opinion is astonishingly tricky. Ultimately, successful marketing is achieved when a product is associated in the customer's mind with a positive word, which must be "owned", not shared with another company.
The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing is a book that encourages realism. If your business is fourth on the ladder, rather than first, acknowledge that to yourself and plan accordingly: you can stop trying to be better, because you will have more success being different. Ries and Trout offer a convincing marketing manifesto that's fascinating reading for all in the field.
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