The intellectual backdrop to asceticism was shaped by a diverse range of influences, including Stoicism, Neoplatonism, and the scriptural traditions of Judaism and Christianity. Philosophers such as Plotinus, though not explicitly ascetic in their aims, emphasized the need to transcend the material world and purify the soul, a theme that resonated deeply with Christian thinkers. In parallel, early Christian communities inherited from Jewish tradition the concept of fasting, prayer, and moral purification as central acts of devotion. However, Christian asceticism would soon develop its own distinctive character, grounded in the imitation of Christ's suffering and the emulation of his withdrawal into solitude for prayer and reflection.
The ascetic movement gained significant momentum in the Egyptian deserts during the third century, where figures such as Antony the Great (c. 251356 CE) became emblematic of the solitary, contemplative life. The Vita Antonii, attributed to Athanasius of Alexandria, serves as one of the earliest and most influential texts in ascetic literature, blending biography with theological instruction. In this work, Antony is portrayed as a heroic figure who, having renounced his earthly inheritance, battled not only physical hardship but also the relentless assaults of demonic forces. Athanasius' narrative was as much a theological defense of orthodoxy as it was a portrait of spiritual fortitude, written amidst the turbulent theological disputes of the Arian controversy.
Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, B, CY, CZ, D, DK, EW, E, FIN, F, GR, H, IRL, I, LT, L, LR, M, NL, PL, P, R, S, SLO, SK ausgeliefert werden.