Wylie Poag, Christian Koeberl, Wolf Uwe Reimold

The Chesapeake Bay Crater (eBook, PDF)

Geology and Geophysics of a Late Eocene Submarine Impact Structure

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

This volume synthesizes 16 years of geological and geophysical studies that document an 85-km-wide impact crater buried 500 m beneath Chesapeake Bay in southeastern Virginia, USA. The authors integrate extensive seismic reflection profiling and deep core drilling to analyze the structure, morphology, gravimetrics, sedimentology, petrology, geochemistry, and paleontology of this submarine structure. Of special interest are a detailed comparison with other terrestrial and extraterrestrial craters, plus a conceptual model and computer simulation of the impact. The extensive illustrations include more than 150 line drawings and core photographs.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• Seitenzahl: 523
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Dezember 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783642189005
• Artikelnr.: 52970060

Autorenporträt

Wylie Poag, U.S. Geological Survey, USA / Christian Koeberl, University of Vienna, Austria / Wolf Uwe Reimold, University of Witwatersaand, South Africa

Inhaltsangabe

1 Introduction.- 2 Geological Framework of Impact Site.- 2.1 Crystalline Basement Rocks.- 2.2 Coastal Plain Sedimentary Rocks.- 2.3 Sequence Stratigraphy.- 2.4 Paleogeography of Impact Site.- 2.5 Subsidence of Virginia Continental Margin.- 2.6 Initial Evidence of East Coast Impact.- 2.7 Onshore Borehole Evidence.- 3 Geophysical Framework of Impact Site.- 3.1 Seismic Investigations of Virginia Coastal Plain.- 3.2 Seismic Signature of Crystalline Basement Rocks.- 3.3 Chesapeake Bay Seismic Reflection Profiles.- 3.4 Depth Conversion of Seismic Two-way Traveltimes.- 3.5 Gravity Evidence.- 4 The Primary Crater.- 4.1 Crater Structure and Morphology.- 5 Secondary Craters.- 5.1 Location and Identification.- 5.2 Secondary Craters on Profile T-1-CB.- 5.3 Secondary Craters on Profile T-11-PR.- 5.4 Implications of Secondary Crater Record.- 6 Synimpact Crater-Fill Deposits.- 6.1 Oldest Breccia Unit.- 6.2 Displaced Megablocks.- 6.3 The Exmore Breccia.- 7 Initial Postimpact Deposits.- 7.1 Depositional Setting.- 7.2 Dead Zone.- 7.3 Chickahominy Formation.- 8 Age of Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater.- 8.1 Biochronology.- 8.2 Radiometric Chronology.- 8.3 Magnetochronology.- 8.4 Correlation with Other Craters and Impactites.- 9 Geological Consequences of Chesapeake Bay Impact.- 9.1 General Nature of Consequences.- 9.2 Reconfigured Basement Structure and Morphology.- 9.3 Disruption of Preimpact Sedimentary Column.- 9.4 Source of North AmericanTektite Strewn Field.- 9.5 Far-Field Seismic Effects.- 10 Comparisons with Other Impact Craters.- 10.1 Terrestrial Craters.- 10.2 Extraterrestrial Craters.- 10.3 Comparison with Chicxulub Multiring Impact Basin.- 11 Comparisons Between Impactites.- 11.1 Terrestrial Impactites.- 11.2 Flowin, Fallout, and Dead Zone.- 11.3 Other Intrabreccia Bodies.- 11.4 Continuous Ejecta Blankets.- 11.5 Secondary Breccias.- 11.6 Strewn Fields.- 11.7 Impact Melt Rocks.- 12 Implications for Impact Models.- 12.1 General Conceptual Models and Scaling Relations.- 12.2 Conceptual Model for Chesapeake Bay Crater.- 12.4 General Conceptual Model of Crater-Fill Deposition.- 12.4 Differentiating Crater-Fill Lithofacies at Chesapeake Bay.- 12.5 Comparison of Models.- 13 Biospheric Effects of Chesapeake Bay Impact.- 13.1 Local Paleoenvironmental Effects.- 13.2 Possible Global Paleoenvironmental Effects.- 14 Residual Effects of Chesapeake Bay Impact..- 14.1 Hypersaline Groundwater.- 14.2 Near-Surface Compaction Faults.- 14.3 Surface Expression of Crater.- 14.4 Altered River Courses.- 14.5 Relative Change of Sea Level.- 15 Summary and Conclusions.- 453.- 461.- 489.