Schillebeeckx joined the Dominican Order in 1934, embarking on a path that combined rigorous academic training with a deep commitment to the Church's mission. His intellectual formation took place against the backdrop of a rapidly changing theological landscape. The neo-scholasticism that dominated Catholic theology at the time emphasized a rigid, systematic approach to doctrine, often disconnected from the lived experiences of the faithful. Yet, Schillebeeckx's own theological instincts drew him toward a more dynamic and human-centered approach, one that would eventually challenge and transcend the boundaries of neo-scholastic thought.
A pivotal influence on Schillebeeckx's theological development was the broader ressourcement movement, spearheaded by figures such as Henri de Lubac, Yves Congar, and Jean Daniélou. These theologians sought to "return to the sources" of Christian traditionScripture, the Church Fathers, and the liturgical heritage of the Churchwhile simultaneously engaging with contemporary philosophical and cultural developments. This movement laid the groundwork for the Second Vatican Council (19621965), which would serve as a defining moment for Schillebeeckx's career. The Council's emphasis on aggiornamento, or bringing the Church up to date, resonated deeply with his own theological priorities.
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