The term "panentheism" was first coined in the early 19th century by the German philosopher Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (17811832). Krause sought to reconcile the growing tension between the mechanistic worldview emerging from Enlightenment science and the spiritual dimensions of existence upheld by religious traditions. His work, particularly in Vorlesungen über das System der Philosophie (Lectures on the System of Philosophy, 1828), introduced the idea that God is the animating essence of the universe, but not reducible to it. Krause's vision was deeply influenced by German Idealism, particularly the works of Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Schelling, who had wrestled with questions of the divine's relationship to the finite world.
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