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Scientific Essay from the year 2016 in the subject Biology - Genetics / Gene Technology, grade: 1, Egerton University, language: English, abstract: This essay will provide an overview on the most important discoveries, which have occurred in the past 50 years and describe their significance to society, health and the culture of modern life. Biology appears to have undergone a series of evolution since its inception and it has matured into modern biology, which is characterized with an unprecedented sophistication owing to the numerous scientific discoveries that have occurred in the past 200 years. This remarkable growth of the discipline of biology has led to the emergence of new disciplines, and discoveries in DNA, evolution, cell biology and biotechnology are believed to be the principal drivers of scientific progress, especially with regard to biological systems. However, it is worth noting that the pace of scientific discoveries increased significantly from the mid 20th Century and, it has advanced extensively leading to an appreciable breakthrough in agricultural production, industrial biochemistry, health and medicine. It is also worth noting that some of the discoveries, which have occurred since 1950, formed suitable foundations for advanced discoveries such as the genetic engineering, vaccine development and environmental control.