This book describes the latest advances at the Helmholtz "Earth System Science Research School" where scientists from the Alfred Wegener Institute in Bremerhaven, the University of Bremen, and the Jacobs University are involved in research. One of the greatest challenges is understanding ongoing environmental changes. The longer the time scale the more components of the Earth system are involved, e.g. interannual and decadal variations are related to the coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice system, whereas longer variations like glacial-interglacial or Cenozoic transitions involve the carbon cycle, ice sheets and gateways. In order to get deep insights into Earth system science, observations, remote sensing, past environmental data, as well as modeling need to be integrated. These different approaches are traditionally taught in separated disciplines at bachelor and master levels. It is, therefore, necessary to bring these disciplines together in PhD programs.
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"The book is aimed at those graduate students who are interested in pursuing doctoral researches in earth science with an aim to deliver a simple perspective for complex interactions. ... the entire book provides a unique, brief and relevant perspective on multiple aspects of earth science, which seems to be more suitable for advanced users, while may be of use for graduate education essentially supplementing with more physically based earth science text books." (Tirthankar Banerjee and Manish Kumar, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 22, 2015)