Anna Krämling

Tyranny of the Majority? (eBook, PDF)

Implications of Direct Democracy for Oppressed Groups in Europe

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Resultiert direkte Demokratie in einer Tyrannei der Mehrheit über Minderheiten? Diese erstmalige Untersuchung von über 500 Volksabstimmungen zeigt, dass Minderheiten im Gegenteil oft von direkter Demokratie profitieren konnten. Gefährdet sind aber die Interessen der queeren Community, Menschen mit niedrigem sozioökonomischem Status und Ausländer*innen. Zu ihrem Schutz werden Wege zur Gestaltung minderheitenfreundlicher Abstimmungen aufgezeigt.

Produktdetails

• Verlag: Budrich Academic Press
• Seitenzahl: 207
• Erscheinungstermin: 29. April 2024
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9783966659130
• Artikelnr.: 70529593

Autorenporträt

Anna Krämling earned her PhD at Goethe University Frankfurt and is now a public servant at the Hessian Ministry of Economic Affairs, Energy, Transportation and Rural Areas.

Inhaltsangabe

Contents Acknowledgements Tables Figures Abbreviations 1 Introduction 1.1 Approach of this Dissertation 1.2 Research Questions 1.3 Roadmap of the Dissertation 2 Conceptual Frame and Definitions 2.1 The Concept of Oppressed Groups 2.1.1 Criticism and Use in the Social Sciences 2.1.2 Application in this Dissertation 2.2 The Definition of Direct Democracy 2.2.1 Pro- and Contra-Bills and -Outputs and Direct Democratic Instruments 2.2.2 Other Stages of the Direct Democratic Process 2.3 Direct Democracy and the Tyranny of the Majority 2.3.1 Reasons to Expect a Tyranny of the Majority 2.3.2 Reasons to Expect Empowerment 2.3.3 Different Implications for Different Oppressed Groups 2.3.4 Explaining Variables for the Probability of Pro- and Contra-Bills and –Outputs: Institutions 2.3.5 Explaining Variables for the Probability of Pro- and Contra-Bills and -Outputs: Socio-Economic Variables 2.4 Summary 3 State of the Art: Findings on Direct Democracy and Oppressed Groups 3.1 Negative Implications of Direct Democracy for Oppressed Groups 3.2 Positive Implications of Direct Democracy for Oppressed Groups 3.3 Explaining Variables 3.3.1 Institutional Effects 3.3.2 Attitudinal Effects 3.3.3 Socio-Economic Effects 3.4 Gaps in Existing Research 4 Hypotheses 4.1 Different Impacts for Different Groups 4.2 Explaining Variables: Institutional Effects 4.2.1 Direct Democratic Instruments 4.2.2 Quora 4.3 Explaining Variables: Attitudinal Effects 4.3.1 Negative Attitudes towards Outgroups 4.3.2 Support for Equality 4.4 Explaining Variables: Socio-Economic Effects 4.4.1 Education 4.4.2 Economic Growth 4.4.3 Ethnic Fractionalization 5 Methods and Data 5.1 Data 5.2 Methods 6 Descriptive Results 6.1 Oppressed Groups and Direct Democratic Bills 6.2 Oppressed Groups and Direct Democratic Outputs 6.3 Explaining Variables 6.3.1 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland 6.3.2 Attitudinal and Socio-Economic Explaining Variables 6.4 Summary: Descriptive Results on Hypotheses 7 Bivariate Statistics 7.1 Explaining Variables and Pro- and Contra-Bills 7.2 Explaining Variables and Pro-Outputs 7.3 Explaining Variables and Contra-Outputs 7.4 Correlations between Explaining Variables 7.5 Summary: Bivariate Results on Hypotheses 8 Multivariate Statistics 8.1 The Probability of Pro-Bills 8.1.1 Variation between Countries and Years 8.1.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland 8.1.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable 8.1.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables 8.2 The Probability of Pro-Outputs 8.2.1 Variation between Countries and Years 8.2.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland 8.2.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable 8.2.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables 8.3 The Probability of Contra-Outputs 8.3.1 Variation between Countries and Years 8.3.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland 8.3.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable 8.3.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables 8.4 Diagnostics 8.5 Summary: What Determines the Fate of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy? 9 Discussion 9.1 Overview: Hypotheses and Results 9.2 Hypotheses 1a-c: Low SES Groups 9.3 Explaining Variables: Institutional Effects 9.3.1 Hypotheses 2a-c: Direct Democratic Instruments 9.3.2 Hypotheses 3a and b: Quora 9.3.3 Explorative Analyses: Binding Vote Results and Switzerland 9.4 Explaining Variables: Attitudinal Effects 9.4.1 Hypotheses 4a-c: Negative Attitudes 9.4.2 Hypotheses 5a-c: Support for Equality 9.5 Explaining Variables: Socio-Economic Effects 9.5.1 Hypotheses 6a-c: Education 9.5.2 Hypotheses 7a-c: Economic Growth 9.5.3 Hypotheses 8a-c: Ethnic Fractionalization 9.6 Summary: What Works Best for Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy? 9.7 The Concept of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy 10 Conclusions 10.1 Oppressed Groups can Benefit from Direct Democracy 10.1.1 Addressing the Gap: A Quantitative, Comparative Analysis of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy 10.1.2 Results: Pro-Bills and –Outputs Outnumber Contra-Bills and -Outputs 10.1.

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ContentsAcknowledgementsTablesFiguresAbbreviations1 Introduction1.1 Approach of this Dissertation1.2 Research Questions1.3 Roadmap of the Dissertation2 Conceptual Frame and Definitions2.1 The Concept of Oppressed Groups2.1.1 Criticism and Use in the Social Sciences2.1.2 Application in this Dissertation2.2 The Definition of Direct Democracy2.2.1 Pro- and Contra-Bills and -Outputs and Direct Democratic Instruments2.2.2 Other Stages of the Direct Democratic Process2.3 Direct Democracy and the Tyranny of the Majority2.3.1 Reasons to Expect a Tyranny of the Majority2.3.2 Reasons to Expect Empowerment2.3.3 Different Implications for Different Oppressed Groups2.3.4 Explaining Variables for the Probability of Pro- and Contra-Bills and -Outputs: Institutions2.3.5 Explaining Variables for the Probability of Pro- and Contra-Bills and -Outputs: Socio-Economic Variables2.4 Summary3 State of the Art: Findings on Direct Democracy and Oppressed Groups3.1 Negative Implications of Direct Democracy for Oppressed Groups3.2 Positive Implications of Direct Democracy for Oppressed Groups3.3 Explaining Variables3.3.1 Institutional Effects3.3.2 Attitudinal Effects3.3.3 Socio-Economic Effects3.4 Gaps in Existing Research4 Hypotheses4.1 Different Impacts for Different Groups4.2 Explaining Variables: Institutional Effects4.2.1 Direct Democratic Instruments4.2.2 Quora4.3 Explaining Variables: Attitudinal Effects4.3.1 Negative Attitudes towards Outgroups4.3.2 Support for Equality4.4 Explaining Variables: Socio-Economic Effects4.4.1 Education4.4.2 Economic Growth4.4.3 Ethnic Fractionalization5 Methods and Data5.1 Data5.2 Methods6 Descriptive Results6.1 Oppressed Groups and Direct Democratic Bills6.2 Oppressed Groups and Direct Democratic Outputs6.3 Explaining Variables6.3.1 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland6.3.2 Attitudinal and Socio-Economic Explaining Variables6.4 Summary: Descriptive Results on Hypotheses7 Bivariate Statistics7.1 Explaining Variables and Pro- and Contra-Bills7.2 Explaining Variables and Pro-Outputs7.3 Explaining Variables and Contra-Outputs7.4 Correlations between Explaining Variables7.5 Summary: Bivariate Results on Hypotheses8 Multivariate Statistics8.1 The Probability of Pro-Bills8.1.1 Variation between Countries and Years8.1.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland8.1.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable8.1.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables8.2 The Probability of Pro-Outputs8.2.1 Variation between Countries and Years8.2.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland8.2.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable8.2.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables8.3 The Probability of Contra-Outputs8.3.1 Variation between Countries and Years8.3.2 Institutional Explaining Variables, Switzerland8.3.3 Attitudinal Explaining Variable8.3.4 Socio-Economic Explaining Variables8.4 Diagnostics8.5 Summary: What Determines the Fate of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy?9 Discussion9.1 Overview: Hypotheses and Results9.2 Hypotheses 1a-c: Low SES Groups9.3 Explaining Variables: Institutional Effects9.3.1 Hypotheses 2a-c: Direct Democratic Instruments9.3.2 Hypotheses 3a and b: Quora9.3.3 Explorative Analyses: Binding Vote Results and Switzerland9.4 Explaining Variables: Attitudinal Effects9.4.1 Hypotheses 4a-c: Negative Attitudes9.4.2 Hypotheses 5a-c: Support for Equality9.5 Explaining Variables: Socio-Economic Effects9.5.1 Hypotheses 6a-c: Education9.5.2 Hypotheses 7a-c: Economic Growth9.5.3 Hypotheses 8a-c: Ethnic Fractionalization9.6 Summary: What Works Best for Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy?9.7 The Concept of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy10 Conclusions10.1 Oppressed Groups can Benefit from Direct Democracy 10.1.1 Addressing the Gap: A Quantitative, Comparative Analysis of Oppressed Groups in Direct Democracy10.1.2 Results: Pro-Bills and -Outputs Outnumber Contra-Bills and -Outputs10.1.3 Limitations and Avenues for Future Resear