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This updated bestseller from Linux guru Chris Negus is packed with an array of new and revised material As a longstanding bestseller, Ubuntu Linux Toolbox has taught you how to get the most out Ubuntu, the world's most popular Linux distribution. With this anticipated new edition, Christopher Negus returns with a host of new and expanded coverage on tools for managing file systems, ways to connect to networks, techniques for securing Ubuntu systems, and a look at the latest Long Term Support (LTS) release of Ubuntu, all aimed at getting you up and running with Ubuntu Linux quickly. * Covers…mehr
- Geräte: PC
- eBook Hilfe
This updated bestseller from Linux guru Chris Negus is packed with an array of new and revised material As a longstanding bestseller, Ubuntu Linux Toolbox has taught you how to get the most out Ubuntu, the world's most popular Linux distribution. With this anticipated new edition, Christopher Negus returns with a host of new and expanded coverage on tools for managing file systems, ways to connect to networks, techniques for securing Ubuntu systems, and a look at the latest Long Term Support (LTS) release of Ubuntu, all aimed at getting you up and running with Ubuntu Linux quickly. * Covers installation, configuration, shell primer, the desktop, administrations, servers, and security * Delves into coverage of popular applications for the web, productivity suites, and e-mail * Highlights setting up a server (Apache, Samba, CUPS) * Boasts a handy trim size so that you can take it with you on the go Ubuntu Linux Toolbox, Second Edition prepares you with a host of updated tools for today's environment, as well as expanded coverage on everything you know to confidently start using Ubuntu today.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 368
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. August 2013
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781118227992
- Artikelnr.: 39477713
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 368
- Erscheinungstermin: 1. August 2013
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781118227992
- Artikelnr.: 39477713
CHRISTOPHER NEGUS has more than 25 years of experience teaching and writing about Linux and UNIX. He has authored dozens of books on Linux, including the best-selling Red Hat Linux Bible, Linux Bible, the Linux Toys series, and the Linux Toolbox series.Awards for Christopher's writing include "Best Linux book of the year" for his Red Hat Linux 8 Bible, as voted by readers of Linux World magazine. For the Linux Journal 2009 Readers' Choice Awards, his Linux Bible was voted one of the top five "Favorite Linux Books of All Time."
Introduction xix Chapter 1: Starting with Ubuntu Linux 1 Ubuntu, Debian,
and Linux 2 Understanding Ubuntu Releases 3 Ubuntu Compared to Other Linux
Distributions 3 Finding Ubuntu Resources 5 Ubuntu Software 7 Focusing on
Linux Commands 7 Finding Commands 9 Reference Information in Ubuntu 11
Using help Messages 12 Using man Pages 12 Using info Documents 15 Summary
15 Chapter 2: Installing Ubuntu and Adding Software 17 Obtaining and
Installing Ubuntu 17 Preparing to Install 18 Choosing Installation Options
19 Answering Installation Questions 19 Working with Debian Software
Packages 20 Working with Software Packages 22 Enabling More Repositories
for apt 23 Adding Software Collections with tasksel 24 Managing Software
with APT 25 Finding Packages with APT 27 Installing Packages with APT 27
Upgrading Packages with APT 28 Upgrading a Single Package with APT 28
Removing Packages with APT 29 Cleaning Up Packages with APT 29 Downloading
Packages with APT 30 Managing Software with dpkg 30 Installing a Package
with dpkg 32 Removing a Package with dpkg 32 Extracting Files from a .deb
File with dpkg 32 Querying Information about .deb Packages 33 Managing
Software with aptitude 35 Updating and Upgrading Packages with aptitude 37
Querying Information about Packages with aptitude 37 Installing Packages
with aptitude 38 Removing Packages with aptitude 38 Cleaning Up Packages
with aptitude 39 Useful Combinations of Options with aptitude 39 Verifying
Installed Packages with debsums 41 Building deb Packages 44 Summary 47
Chapter 3: Using the Shell 49 Terminal Windows and Shell Access 49 Using
Terminal Windows 49 Using Virtual Consoles 51 Using the Shell 52 Using Bash
History 53 Using Command Line Completion 54 Redirecting stdin and stdout 54
Using alias 57 Watching Commands 58 Watching Files 58 Acquiring Super User
Power 58 Delegating Power with sudo 59 Using the su Command 61 Using
Environment Variables 62 Creating Simple Shell Scripts 64 Editing and
Running a Script 64 Adding Content to Your Script 65 Summary 68 Chapter 4:
Working with Files 69 Understanding File Types 69 Using Regular Files 69
Using Directories 71 Using Symbolic and Hard Links 71 Using Device Files 72
Using Named Pipes and Sockets 73 Setting File/Directory Permissions 73
Changing Permissions with chmod 74 Setting the umask 76 Changing Ownership
76 Traversing the Filesystem 77 Copying Files 79 Changing File Attributes
80 Searching for Files 82 Finding Files with locate 82 Locating Files with
find 83 Using Other Commands to Find Files 85 Finding Out More about Files
86 Listing Files 86 Verifying Files 86 Summary 88 Chapter 5: Manipulating
Text 89 Matching Text with Regular Expressions 89 Editing Text Files 90
Using the JOE Editor 91 Using the Pico and nano Editors 92 Graphical Text
Editors 94 Listing, Sorting, and Changing Text 94 Listing Text Files 94
Paging through Text 95 Paginating Text Files with pr 96 Searching for Text
with grep 97 Replacing Text with sed 99 Translating or Removing Characters
with tr 101 Checking Differences between Two Files with diff 101 Using awk
and cut to Process Columns 104 Converting Text Files to Different Formats
105 Summary 105 Chapter 6: Playing with Multimedia 107 Working with Audio
107 Playing Music 107 Adjusting Audio Levels 109 Ripping CD Music 110
Encoding Music 111 Streaming Music 114 Converting Audio Files 116
Transforming Images 117 Getting Information about Images 117 Converting
Images 118 Converting Images in Batches 119 Playing with Video 121 Playing
Video Files 121 Summary 123 Chapter 7: Administering Filesystems 125
Understanding Filesystem Basics 125 Creating and Managing Filesystems 127
Partitioning Hard Disks 127 Working with Filesystem Labels 131 Formatting a
Filesystem 132 Viewing and Changing Filesystem Attributes 133 Creating and
Using Swap Partitions 135 Mounting and Unmounting Filesystems 136 Mounting
Filesystems from the fstab File 136 Mounting Filesystems with the mount
Command 138 Unmounting Filesystems with umount 140 Checking Filesystems 141
Creating Encrypted Filesystems 143 Checking RAID Disks 146 Finding Out
about Filesystem Use 147 Logical Volume Manager 149 Creating LVM Volumes
149 Using LVM Volumes 151 Growing the LVM Volume 152 Shrinking an LVM
Volume 153 Removing LVM Logical Volumes and Groups 153 Summary 154 Chapter
8: Backups and Removable Media 155 Backing Up Data to Compressed Archives
155 Creating Backup Archives with tar 155 Using Compression Tools 157
Listing, Joining, and Adding Files to tar Archives 160 Deleting Files from
tar Archives 160 Backing Up over Networks 161 Backing Up tar Archives over
ssh 161 Backing Up Files with rsync 162 Backing Up with unison 164 Backing
Up to Removable Media 165 Creating Backup Images with mkisofs 165 Burning
Backup Images with cdrecord 168 Making and Burning DVDs with growisofs 170
Summary 170 Chapter 9: Checking and Managing Running Processes 171 Listing
Active Processes 172 Viewing Active Processes with ps 172 Watching Active
Processes with top 177 Finding and Controlling Processes 179 Using pgrep to
Find Processes 179 Using fuser to Find Processes 180 Changing Running
Processes 181 Scheduling Realtime Processes 188 Summary 189 Chapter 10:
Managing the System 191 Monitoring Resources 191 Monitoring Memory Use 192
Monitoring CPU Usage 196 Monitoring Storage Devices 198 Mastering Time 201
Changing Time/Date with Graphical Tools 201 Displaying and Setting Your
System Clock 202 Displaying and Setting Your Hardware Clock 203 Using
Network Time Protocol to Set Date/Time 204 Managing the Boot Process 205
Understanding the GRUB Boot Loader 205 Modifying the GRUB Boot Loader 206
Controlling Startup and Run Levels 207 Straight to the Kernel 209 Poking at
the Hardware 211 Summary 213 Chapter 11: Managing Network Connections 215
Configuring Networks from the GUI 215 Managing Network Interface Cards 216
Managing Network Connections 221 Starting and Stopping Ethernet Connections
221 Viewing Ethernet Connection Information 223 Using Wireless Connections
225 Checking Name Resolution 226 Troubleshooting Network Problems 228
Checking Connectivity to a Host 228 Checking Address Resolution Protocol
229 Tracing Routes to Hosts 231 Displaying netstat Connections and
Statistics 233 Other Useful Network Tools 234 Summary 235 Chapter 12:
Accessing Network Resources 237 Running Commands to Browse the Web 237
Transferring Files 239 Downloading Files with wget 239 Transferring Files
with cURL 241 Transferring Files with FTP Commands 241 Using SSH Tools to
Transfer Files 243 Using Windows File Transfer Tools 246 Sharing Remote
Directories 246 Sharing Remote Directories with NFS 246 Sharing Remote
Directories with Samba 248 Sharing Remote Directories with SSHFS 251
Chatting with Friends in IRC 252 Using Text-Based E-mail Clients 253
Managing E-mail with mail 254 Managing E-mail with mutt 256 Summary 257
Chapter 13: Doing Remote System Administration 259 Doing Remote Login and
Tunneling with SSH 259 Using Legacy Communications Tools 260 Configuring
SSH 261 Logging in Remotely with ssh 262 Using byobu and screen for Remote
Shells 267 Managing Remote Shells with Screen 268 Using byobu to Manage
Remote Shells 270 Using a Remote Windows Desktop 272 Connecting to a
Windows Desktop with Remmina 272 Connecting to a Windows Desktop with
rdesktop 274 Using Remote Linux Desktop and Applications 274 Sharing
Desktops Using VNC 275 Setting Up the VNC Server 276 Starting Up the VNC
Client 277 Using VNC on Untrusted Networks with SSH 277 Summary 278 Chapter
14: Locking Down Security 279 Working with Users and Groups 279 Managing
Users the GUI Way 280 Adding User Accounts 280 Changing useradd Defaults
281 Modifying User Accounts 282 Deleting User Accounts 283 Managing
Passwords 283 Adding Groups 286 Checking on Users 286 Configuring the
Built-In Firewall 288 Understanding iptables Firewalls 289 Listing iptables
Rules 291 Setting Other Firewall Rules 292 Saving and Reloading Firewall
Rules 294 Using Advanced Security Features 294 Summary 295 Chapter 15:
Setting Up a Virtualization Host and Virtual Machines 297 Can Your Computer
Support Virtualization? 298 Checking for CPU Virtualization Support 298
Enabling Virtualization Support in the BIOS 299 Is the Host Computer 32- or
64-Bit? 300 Checking Available RAM and Disk Space 300 Adding Virtualization
Software 301 Adding Your User Account to libvirtd 302 Managing Virtual
Machines with virt-manager 302 Creating a Virtual Machine in virt-manager
304 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virt-manager 305 Managing
Virtual Machines with Commands 306 Creating a Virtual Machine with
virt-install 306 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virsh 308
Summary 309 Appendix A: Using vi or Vim Editors 311 Starting and Quitting
the vi Editor 311 Moving Around in vi 313 Changing and Deleting Text in vi
314 Using Miscellaneous Commands 314 Modifying Commands with Numbers 315
Using ex Commands 315 Working in Visual Mode 316 Appendix B: Shell Special
Characters and Variables 317 Using Special Shell Characters 317 Using Shell
Variables 318 Appendix C: Getting Information from /proc 321 Viewing /proc
Information 321 Changing /proc Information 325 Index 327
and Linux 2 Understanding Ubuntu Releases 3 Ubuntu Compared to Other Linux
Distributions 3 Finding Ubuntu Resources 5 Ubuntu Software 7 Focusing on
Linux Commands 7 Finding Commands 9 Reference Information in Ubuntu 11
Using help Messages 12 Using man Pages 12 Using info Documents 15 Summary
15 Chapter 2: Installing Ubuntu and Adding Software 17 Obtaining and
Installing Ubuntu 17 Preparing to Install 18 Choosing Installation Options
19 Answering Installation Questions 19 Working with Debian Software
Packages 20 Working with Software Packages 22 Enabling More Repositories
for apt 23 Adding Software Collections with tasksel 24 Managing Software
with APT 25 Finding Packages with APT 27 Installing Packages with APT 27
Upgrading Packages with APT 28 Upgrading a Single Package with APT 28
Removing Packages with APT 29 Cleaning Up Packages with APT 29 Downloading
Packages with APT 30 Managing Software with dpkg 30 Installing a Package
with dpkg 32 Removing a Package with dpkg 32 Extracting Files from a .deb
File with dpkg 32 Querying Information about .deb Packages 33 Managing
Software with aptitude 35 Updating and Upgrading Packages with aptitude 37
Querying Information about Packages with aptitude 37 Installing Packages
with aptitude 38 Removing Packages with aptitude 38 Cleaning Up Packages
with aptitude 39 Useful Combinations of Options with aptitude 39 Verifying
Installed Packages with debsums 41 Building deb Packages 44 Summary 47
Chapter 3: Using the Shell 49 Terminal Windows and Shell Access 49 Using
Terminal Windows 49 Using Virtual Consoles 51 Using the Shell 52 Using Bash
History 53 Using Command Line Completion 54 Redirecting stdin and stdout 54
Using alias 57 Watching Commands 58 Watching Files 58 Acquiring Super User
Power 58 Delegating Power with sudo 59 Using the su Command 61 Using
Environment Variables 62 Creating Simple Shell Scripts 64 Editing and
Running a Script 64 Adding Content to Your Script 65 Summary 68 Chapter 4:
Working with Files 69 Understanding File Types 69 Using Regular Files 69
Using Directories 71 Using Symbolic and Hard Links 71 Using Device Files 72
Using Named Pipes and Sockets 73 Setting File/Directory Permissions 73
Changing Permissions with chmod 74 Setting the umask 76 Changing Ownership
76 Traversing the Filesystem 77 Copying Files 79 Changing File Attributes
80 Searching for Files 82 Finding Files with locate 82 Locating Files with
find 83 Using Other Commands to Find Files 85 Finding Out More about Files
86 Listing Files 86 Verifying Files 86 Summary 88 Chapter 5: Manipulating
Text 89 Matching Text with Regular Expressions 89 Editing Text Files 90
Using the JOE Editor 91 Using the Pico and nano Editors 92 Graphical Text
Editors 94 Listing, Sorting, and Changing Text 94 Listing Text Files 94
Paging through Text 95 Paginating Text Files with pr 96 Searching for Text
with grep 97 Replacing Text with sed 99 Translating or Removing Characters
with tr 101 Checking Differences between Two Files with diff 101 Using awk
and cut to Process Columns 104 Converting Text Files to Different Formats
105 Summary 105 Chapter 6: Playing with Multimedia 107 Working with Audio
107 Playing Music 107 Adjusting Audio Levels 109 Ripping CD Music 110
Encoding Music 111 Streaming Music 114 Converting Audio Files 116
Transforming Images 117 Getting Information about Images 117 Converting
Images 118 Converting Images in Batches 119 Playing with Video 121 Playing
Video Files 121 Summary 123 Chapter 7: Administering Filesystems 125
Understanding Filesystem Basics 125 Creating and Managing Filesystems 127
Partitioning Hard Disks 127 Working with Filesystem Labels 131 Formatting a
Filesystem 132 Viewing and Changing Filesystem Attributes 133 Creating and
Using Swap Partitions 135 Mounting and Unmounting Filesystems 136 Mounting
Filesystems from the fstab File 136 Mounting Filesystems with the mount
Command 138 Unmounting Filesystems with umount 140 Checking Filesystems 141
Creating Encrypted Filesystems 143 Checking RAID Disks 146 Finding Out
about Filesystem Use 147 Logical Volume Manager 149 Creating LVM Volumes
149 Using LVM Volumes 151 Growing the LVM Volume 152 Shrinking an LVM
Volume 153 Removing LVM Logical Volumes and Groups 153 Summary 154 Chapter
8: Backups and Removable Media 155 Backing Up Data to Compressed Archives
155 Creating Backup Archives with tar 155 Using Compression Tools 157
Listing, Joining, and Adding Files to tar Archives 160 Deleting Files from
tar Archives 160 Backing Up over Networks 161 Backing Up tar Archives over
ssh 161 Backing Up Files with rsync 162 Backing Up with unison 164 Backing
Up to Removable Media 165 Creating Backup Images with mkisofs 165 Burning
Backup Images with cdrecord 168 Making and Burning DVDs with growisofs 170
Summary 170 Chapter 9: Checking and Managing Running Processes 171 Listing
Active Processes 172 Viewing Active Processes with ps 172 Watching Active
Processes with top 177 Finding and Controlling Processes 179 Using pgrep to
Find Processes 179 Using fuser to Find Processes 180 Changing Running
Processes 181 Scheduling Realtime Processes 188 Summary 189 Chapter 10:
Managing the System 191 Monitoring Resources 191 Monitoring Memory Use 192
Monitoring CPU Usage 196 Monitoring Storage Devices 198 Mastering Time 201
Changing Time/Date with Graphical Tools 201 Displaying and Setting Your
System Clock 202 Displaying and Setting Your Hardware Clock 203 Using
Network Time Protocol to Set Date/Time 204 Managing the Boot Process 205
Understanding the GRUB Boot Loader 205 Modifying the GRUB Boot Loader 206
Controlling Startup and Run Levels 207 Straight to the Kernel 209 Poking at
the Hardware 211 Summary 213 Chapter 11: Managing Network Connections 215
Configuring Networks from the GUI 215 Managing Network Interface Cards 216
Managing Network Connections 221 Starting and Stopping Ethernet Connections
221 Viewing Ethernet Connection Information 223 Using Wireless Connections
225 Checking Name Resolution 226 Troubleshooting Network Problems 228
Checking Connectivity to a Host 228 Checking Address Resolution Protocol
229 Tracing Routes to Hosts 231 Displaying netstat Connections and
Statistics 233 Other Useful Network Tools 234 Summary 235 Chapter 12:
Accessing Network Resources 237 Running Commands to Browse the Web 237
Transferring Files 239 Downloading Files with wget 239 Transferring Files
with cURL 241 Transferring Files with FTP Commands 241 Using SSH Tools to
Transfer Files 243 Using Windows File Transfer Tools 246 Sharing Remote
Directories 246 Sharing Remote Directories with NFS 246 Sharing Remote
Directories with Samba 248 Sharing Remote Directories with SSHFS 251
Chatting with Friends in IRC 252 Using Text-Based E-mail Clients 253
Managing E-mail with mail 254 Managing E-mail with mutt 256 Summary 257
Chapter 13: Doing Remote System Administration 259 Doing Remote Login and
Tunneling with SSH 259 Using Legacy Communications Tools 260 Configuring
SSH 261 Logging in Remotely with ssh 262 Using byobu and screen for Remote
Shells 267 Managing Remote Shells with Screen 268 Using byobu to Manage
Remote Shells 270 Using a Remote Windows Desktop 272 Connecting to a
Windows Desktop with Remmina 272 Connecting to a Windows Desktop with
rdesktop 274 Using Remote Linux Desktop and Applications 274 Sharing
Desktops Using VNC 275 Setting Up the VNC Server 276 Starting Up the VNC
Client 277 Using VNC on Untrusted Networks with SSH 277 Summary 278 Chapter
14: Locking Down Security 279 Working with Users and Groups 279 Managing
Users the GUI Way 280 Adding User Accounts 280 Changing useradd Defaults
281 Modifying User Accounts 282 Deleting User Accounts 283 Managing
Passwords 283 Adding Groups 286 Checking on Users 286 Configuring the
Built-In Firewall 288 Understanding iptables Firewalls 289 Listing iptables
Rules 291 Setting Other Firewall Rules 292 Saving and Reloading Firewall
Rules 294 Using Advanced Security Features 294 Summary 295 Chapter 15:
Setting Up a Virtualization Host and Virtual Machines 297 Can Your Computer
Support Virtualization? 298 Checking for CPU Virtualization Support 298
Enabling Virtualization Support in the BIOS 299 Is the Host Computer 32- or
64-Bit? 300 Checking Available RAM and Disk Space 300 Adding Virtualization
Software 301 Adding Your User Account to libvirtd 302 Managing Virtual
Machines with virt-manager 302 Creating a Virtual Machine in virt-manager
304 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virt-manager 305 Managing
Virtual Machines with Commands 306 Creating a Virtual Machine with
virt-install 306 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virsh 308
Summary 309 Appendix A: Using vi or Vim Editors 311 Starting and Quitting
the vi Editor 311 Moving Around in vi 313 Changing and Deleting Text in vi
314 Using Miscellaneous Commands 314 Modifying Commands with Numbers 315
Using ex Commands 315 Working in Visual Mode 316 Appendix B: Shell Special
Characters and Variables 317 Using Special Shell Characters 317 Using Shell
Variables 318 Appendix C: Getting Information from /proc 321 Viewing /proc
Information 321 Changing /proc Information 325 Index 327
Introduction xix Chapter 1: Starting with Ubuntu Linux 1 Ubuntu, Debian,
and Linux 2 Understanding Ubuntu Releases 3 Ubuntu Compared to Other Linux
Distributions 3 Finding Ubuntu Resources 5 Ubuntu Software 7 Focusing on
Linux Commands 7 Finding Commands 9 Reference Information in Ubuntu 11
Using help Messages 12 Using man Pages 12 Using info Documents 15 Summary
15 Chapter 2: Installing Ubuntu and Adding Software 17 Obtaining and
Installing Ubuntu 17 Preparing to Install 18 Choosing Installation Options
19 Answering Installation Questions 19 Working with Debian Software
Packages 20 Working with Software Packages 22 Enabling More Repositories
for apt 23 Adding Software Collections with tasksel 24 Managing Software
with APT 25 Finding Packages with APT 27 Installing Packages with APT 27
Upgrading Packages with APT 28 Upgrading a Single Package with APT 28
Removing Packages with APT 29 Cleaning Up Packages with APT 29 Downloading
Packages with APT 30 Managing Software with dpkg 30 Installing a Package
with dpkg 32 Removing a Package with dpkg 32 Extracting Files from a .deb
File with dpkg 32 Querying Information about .deb Packages 33 Managing
Software with aptitude 35 Updating and Upgrading Packages with aptitude 37
Querying Information about Packages with aptitude 37 Installing Packages
with aptitude 38 Removing Packages with aptitude 38 Cleaning Up Packages
with aptitude 39 Useful Combinations of Options with aptitude 39 Verifying
Installed Packages with debsums 41 Building deb Packages 44 Summary 47
Chapter 3: Using the Shell 49 Terminal Windows and Shell Access 49 Using
Terminal Windows 49 Using Virtual Consoles 51 Using the Shell 52 Using Bash
History 53 Using Command Line Completion 54 Redirecting stdin and stdout 54
Using alias 57 Watching Commands 58 Watching Files 58 Acquiring Super User
Power 58 Delegating Power with sudo 59 Using the su Command 61 Using
Environment Variables 62 Creating Simple Shell Scripts 64 Editing and
Running a Script 64 Adding Content to Your Script 65 Summary 68 Chapter 4:
Working with Files 69 Understanding File Types 69 Using Regular Files 69
Using Directories 71 Using Symbolic and Hard Links 71 Using Device Files 72
Using Named Pipes and Sockets 73 Setting File/Directory Permissions 73
Changing Permissions with chmod 74 Setting the umask 76 Changing Ownership
76 Traversing the Filesystem 77 Copying Files 79 Changing File Attributes
80 Searching for Files 82 Finding Files with locate 82 Locating Files with
find 83 Using Other Commands to Find Files 85 Finding Out More about Files
86 Listing Files 86 Verifying Files 86 Summary 88 Chapter 5: Manipulating
Text 89 Matching Text with Regular Expressions 89 Editing Text Files 90
Using the JOE Editor 91 Using the Pico and nano Editors 92 Graphical Text
Editors 94 Listing, Sorting, and Changing Text 94 Listing Text Files 94
Paging through Text 95 Paginating Text Files with pr 96 Searching for Text
with grep 97 Replacing Text with sed 99 Translating or Removing Characters
with tr 101 Checking Differences between Two Files with diff 101 Using awk
and cut to Process Columns 104 Converting Text Files to Different Formats
105 Summary 105 Chapter 6: Playing with Multimedia 107 Working with Audio
107 Playing Music 107 Adjusting Audio Levels 109 Ripping CD Music 110
Encoding Music 111 Streaming Music 114 Converting Audio Files 116
Transforming Images 117 Getting Information about Images 117 Converting
Images 118 Converting Images in Batches 119 Playing with Video 121 Playing
Video Files 121 Summary 123 Chapter 7: Administering Filesystems 125
Understanding Filesystem Basics 125 Creating and Managing Filesystems 127
Partitioning Hard Disks 127 Working with Filesystem Labels 131 Formatting a
Filesystem 132 Viewing and Changing Filesystem Attributes 133 Creating and
Using Swap Partitions 135 Mounting and Unmounting Filesystems 136 Mounting
Filesystems from the fstab File 136 Mounting Filesystems with the mount
Command 138 Unmounting Filesystems with umount 140 Checking Filesystems 141
Creating Encrypted Filesystems 143 Checking RAID Disks 146 Finding Out
about Filesystem Use 147 Logical Volume Manager 149 Creating LVM Volumes
149 Using LVM Volumes 151 Growing the LVM Volume 152 Shrinking an LVM
Volume 153 Removing LVM Logical Volumes and Groups 153 Summary 154 Chapter
8: Backups and Removable Media 155 Backing Up Data to Compressed Archives
155 Creating Backup Archives with tar 155 Using Compression Tools 157
Listing, Joining, and Adding Files to tar Archives 160 Deleting Files from
tar Archives 160 Backing Up over Networks 161 Backing Up tar Archives over
ssh 161 Backing Up Files with rsync 162 Backing Up with unison 164 Backing
Up to Removable Media 165 Creating Backup Images with mkisofs 165 Burning
Backup Images with cdrecord 168 Making and Burning DVDs with growisofs 170
Summary 170 Chapter 9: Checking and Managing Running Processes 171 Listing
Active Processes 172 Viewing Active Processes with ps 172 Watching Active
Processes with top 177 Finding and Controlling Processes 179 Using pgrep to
Find Processes 179 Using fuser to Find Processes 180 Changing Running
Processes 181 Scheduling Realtime Processes 188 Summary 189 Chapter 10:
Managing the System 191 Monitoring Resources 191 Monitoring Memory Use 192
Monitoring CPU Usage 196 Monitoring Storage Devices 198 Mastering Time 201
Changing Time/Date with Graphical Tools 201 Displaying and Setting Your
System Clock 202 Displaying and Setting Your Hardware Clock 203 Using
Network Time Protocol to Set Date/Time 204 Managing the Boot Process 205
Understanding the GRUB Boot Loader 205 Modifying the GRUB Boot Loader 206
Controlling Startup and Run Levels 207 Straight to the Kernel 209 Poking at
the Hardware 211 Summary 213 Chapter 11: Managing Network Connections 215
Configuring Networks from the GUI 215 Managing Network Interface Cards 216
Managing Network Connections 221 Starting and Stopping Ethernet Connections
221 Viewing Ethernet Connection Information 223 Using Wireless Connections
225 Checking Name Resolution 226 Troubleshooting Network Problems 228
Checking Connectivity to a Host 228 Checking Address Resolution Protocol
229 Tracing Routes to Hosts 231 Displaying netstat Connections and
Statistics 233 Other Useful Network Tools 234 Summary 235 Chapter 12:
Accessing Network Resources 237 Running Commands to Browse the Web 237
Transferring Files 239 Downloading Files with wget 239 Transferring Files
with cURL 241 Transferring Files with FTP Commands 241 Using SSH Tools to
Transfer Files 243 Using Windows File Transfer Tools 246 Sharing Remote
Directories 246 Sharing Remote Directories with NFS 246 Sharing Remote
Directories with Samba 248 Sharing Remote Directories with SSHFS 251
Chatting with Friends in IRC 252 Using Text-Based E-mail Clients 253
Managing E-mail with mail 254 Managing E-mail with mutt 256 Summary 257
Chapter 13: Doing Remote System Administration 259 Doing Remote Login and
Tunneling with SSH 259 Using Legacy Communications Tools 260 Configuring
SSH 261 Logging in Remotely with ssh 262 Using byobu and screen for Remote
Shells 267 Managing Remote Shells with Screen 268 Using byobu to Manage
Remote Shells 270 Using a Remote Windows Desktop 272 Connecting to a
Windows Desktop with Remmina 272 Connecting to a Windows Desktop with
rdesktop 274 Using Remote Linux Desktop and Applications 274 Sharing
Desktops Using VNC 275 Setting Up the VNC Server 276 Starting Up the VNC
Client 277 Using VNC on Untrusted Networks with SSH 277 Summary 278 Chapter
14: Locking Down Security 279 Working with Users and Groups 279 Managing
Users the GUI Way 280 Adding User Accounts 280 Changing useradd Defaults
281 Modifying User Accounts 282 Deleting User Accounts 283 Managing
Passwords 283 Adding Groups 286 Checking on Users 286 Configuring the
Built-In Firewall 288 Understanding iptables Firewalls 289 Listing iptables
Rules 291 Setting Other Firewall Rules 292 Saving and Reloading Firewall
Rules 294 Using Advanced Security Features 294 Summary 295 Chapter 15:
Setting Up a Virtualization Host and Virtual Machines 297 Can Your Computer
Support Virtualization? 298 Checking for CPU Virtualization Support 298
Enabling Virtualization Support in the BIOS 299 Is the Host Computer 32- or
64-Bit? 300 Checking Available RAM and Disk Space 300 Adding Virtualization
Software 301 Adding Your User Account to libvirtd 302 Managing Virtual
Machines with virt-manager 302 Creating a Virtual Machine in virt-manager
304 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virt-manager 305 Managing
Virtual Machines with Commands 306 Creating a Virtual Machine with
virt-install 306 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virsh 308
Summary 309 Appendix A: Using vi or Vim Editors 311 Starting and Quitting
the vi Editor 311 Moving Around in vi 313 Changing and Deleting Text in vi
314 Using Miscellaneous Commands 314 Modifying Commands with Numbers 315
Using ex Commands 315 Working in Visual Mode 316 Appendix B: Shell Special
Characters and Variables 317 Using Special Shell Characters 317 Using Shell
Variables 318 Appendix C: Getting Information from /proc 321 Viewing /proc
Information 321 Changing /proc Information 325 Index 327
and Linux 2 Understanding Ubuntu Releases 3 Ubuntu Compared to Other Linux
Distributions 3 Finding Ubuntu Resources 5 Ubuntu Software 7 Focusing on
Linux Commands 7 Finding Commands 9 Reference Information in Ubuntu 11
Using help Messages 12 Using man Pages 12 Using info Documents 15 Summary
15 Chapter 2: Installing Ubuntu and Adding Software 17 Obtaining and
Installing Ubuntu 17 Preparing to Install 18 Choosing Installation Options
19 Answering Installation Questions 19 Working with Debian Software
Packages 20 Working with Software Packages 22 Enabling More Repositories
for apt 23 Adding Software Collections with tasksel 24 Managing Software
with APT 25 Finding Packages with APT 27 Installing Packages with APT 27
Upgrading Packages with APT 28 Upgrading a Single Package with APT 28
Removing Packages with APT 29 Cleaning Up Packages with APT 29 Downloading
Packages with APT 30 Managing Software with dpkg 30 Installing a Package
with dpkg 32 Removing a Package with dpkg 32 Extracting Files from a .deb
File with dpkg 32 Querying Information about .deb Packages 33 Managing
Software with aptitude 35 Updating and Upgrading Packages with aptitude 37
Querying Information about Packages with aptitude 37 Installing Packages
with aptitude 38 Removing Packages with aptitude 38 Cleaning Up Packages
with aptitude 39 Useful Combinations of Options with aptitude 39 Verifying
Installed Packages with debsums 41 Building deb Packages 44 Summary 47
Chapter 3: Using the Shell 49 Terminal Windows and Shell Access 49 Using
Terminal Windows 49 Using Virtual Consoles 51 Using the Shell 52 Using Bash
History 53 Using Command Line Completion 54 Redirecting stdin and stdout 54
Using alias 57 Watching Commands 58 Watching Files 58 Acquiring Super User
Power 58 Delegating Power with sudo 59 Using the su Command 61 Using
Environment Variables 62 Creating Simple Shell Scripts 64 Editing and
Running a Script 64 Adding Content to Your Script 65 Summary 68 Chapter 4:
Working with Files 69 Understanding File Types 69 Using Regular Files 69
Using Directories 71 Using Symbolic and Hard Links 71 Using Device Files 72
Using Named Pipes and Sockets 73 Setting File/Directory Permissions 73
Changing Permissions with chmod 74 Setting the umask 76 Changing Ownership
76 Traversing the Filesystem 77 Copying Files 79 Changing File Attributes
80 Searching for Files 82 Finding Files with locate 82 Locating Files with
find 83 Using Other Commands to Find Files 85 Finding Out More about Files
86 Listing Files 86 Verifying Files 86 Summary 88 Chapter 5: Manipulating
Text 89 Matching Text with Regular Expressions 89 Editing Text Files 90
Using the JOE Editor 91 Using the Pico and nano Editors 92 Graphical Text
Editors 94 Listing, Sorting, and Changing Text 94 Listing Text Files 94
Paging through Text 95 Paginating Text Files with pr 96 Searching for Text
with grep 97 Replacing Text with sed 99 Translating or Removing Characters
with tr 101 Checking Differences between Two Files with diff 101 Using awk
and cut to Process Columns 104 Converting Text Files to Different Formats
105 Summary 105 Chapter 6: Playing with Multimedia 107 Working with Audio
107 Playing Music 107 Adjusting Audio Levels 109 Ripping CD Music 110
Encoding Music 111 Streaming Music 114 Converting Audio Files 116
Transforming Images 117 Getting Information about Images 117 Converting
Images 118 Converting Images in Batches 119 Playing with Video 121 Playing
Video Files 121 Summary 123 Chapter 7: Administering Filesystems 125
Understanding Filesystem Basics 125 Creating and Managing Filesystems 127
Partitioning Hard Disks 127 Working with Filesystem Labels 131 Formatting a
Filesystem 132 Viewing and Changing Filesystem Attributes 133 Creating and
Using Swap Partitions 135 Mounting and Unmounting Filesystems 136 Mounting
Filesystems from the fstab File 136 Mounting Filesystems with the mount
Command 138 Unmounting Filesystems with umount 140 Checking Filesystems 141
Creating Encrypted Filesystems 143 Checking RAID Disks 146 Finding Out
about Filesystem Use 147 Logical Volume Manager 149 Creating LVM Volumes
149 Using LVM Volumes 151 Growing the LVM Volume 152 Shrinking an LVM
Volume 153 Removing LVM Logical Volumes and Groups 153 Summary 154 Chapter
8: Backups and Removable Media 155 Backing Up Data to Compressed Archives
155 Creating Backup Archives with tar 155 Using Compression Tools 157
Listing, Joining, and Adding Files to tar Archives 160 Deleting Files from
tar Archives 160 Backing Up over Networks 161 Backing Up tar Archives over
ssh 161 Backing Up Files with rsync 162 Backing Up with unison 164 Backing
Up to Removable Media 165 Creating Backup Images with mkisofs 165 Burning
Backup Images with cdrecord 168 Making and Burning DVDs with growisofs 170
Summary 170 Chapter 9: Checking and Managing Running Processes 171 Listing
Active Processes 172 Viewing Active Processes with ps 172 Watching Active
Processes with top 177 Finding and Controlling Processes 179 Using pgrep to
Find Processes 179 Using fuser to Find Processes 180 Changing Running
Processes 181 Scheduling Realtime Processes 188 Summary 189 Chapter 10:
Managing the System 191 Monitoring Resources 191 Monitoring Memory Use 192
Monitoring CPU Usage 196 Monitoring Storage Devices 198 Mastering Time 201
Changing Time/Date with Graphical Tools 201 Displaying and Setting Your
System Clock 202 Displaying and Setting Your Hardware Clock 203 Using
Network Time Protocol to Set Date/Time 204 Managing the Boot Process 205
Understanding the GRUB Boot Loader 205 Modifying the GRUB Boot Loader 206
Controlling Startup and Run Levels 207 Straight to the Kernel 209 Poking at
the Hardware 211 Summary 213 Chapter 11: Managing Network Connections 215
Configuring Networks from the GUI 215 Managing Network Interface Cards 216
Managing Network Connections 221 Starting and Stopping Ethernet Connections
221 Viewing Ethernet Connection Information 223 Using Wireless Connections
225 Checking Name Resolution 226 Troubleshooting Network Problems 228
Checking Connectivity to a Host 228 Checking Address Resolution Protocol
229 Tracing Routes to Hosts 231 Displaying netstat Connections and
Statistics 233 Other Useful Network Tools 234 Summary 235 Chapter 12:
Accessing Network Resources 237 Running Commands to Browse the Web 237
Transferring Files 239 Downloading Files with wget 239 Transferring Files
with cURL 241 Transferring Files with FTP Commands 241 Using SSH Tools to
Transfer Files 243 Using Windows File Transfer Tools 246 Sharing Remote
Directories 246 Sharing Remote Directories with NFS 246 Sharing Remote
Directories with Samba 248 Sharing Remote Directories with SSHFS 251
Chatting with Friends in IRC 252 Using Text-Based E-mail Clients 253
Managing E-mail with mail 254 Managing E-mail with mutt 256 Summary 257
Chapter 13: Doing Remote System Administration 259 Doing Remote Login and
Tunneling with SSH 259 Using Legacy Communications Tools 260 Configuring
SSH 261 Logging in Remotely with ssh 262 Using byobu and screen for Remote
Shells 267 Managing Remote Shells with Screen 268 Using byobu to Manage
Remote Shells 270 Using a Remote Windows Desktop 272 Connecting to a
Windows Desktop with Remmina 272 Connecting to a Windows Desktop with
rdesktop 274 Using Remote Linux Desktop and Applications 274 Sharing
Desktops Using VNC 275 Setting Up the VNC Server 276 Starting Up the VNC
Client 277 Using VNC on Untrusted Networks with SSH 277 Summary 278 Chapter
14: Locking Down Security 279 Working with Users and Groups 279 Managing
Users the GUI Way 280 Adding User Accounts 280 Changing useradd Defaults
281 Modifying User Accounts 282 Deleting User Accounts 283 Managing
Passwords 283 Adding Groups 286 Checking on Users 286 Configuring the
Built-In Firewall 288 Understanding iptables Firewalls 289 Listing iptables
Rules 291 Setting Other Firewall Rules 292 Saving and Reloading Firewall
Rules 294 Using Advanced Security Features 294 Summary 295 Chapter 15:
Setting Up a Virtualization Host and Virtual Machines 297 Can Your Computer
Support Virtualization? 298 Checking for CPU Virtualization Support 298
Enabling Virtualization Support in the BIOS 299 Is the Host Computer 32- or
64-Bit? 300 Checking Available RAM and Disk Space 300 Adding Virtualization
Software 301 Adding Your User Account to libvirtd 302 Managing Virtual
Machines with virt-manager 302 Creating a Virtual Machine in virt-manager
304 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virt-manager 305 Managing
Virtual Machines with Commands 306 Creating a Virtual Machine with
virt-install 306 Starting and Stopping Virtual Machines with virsh 308
Summary 309 Appendix A: Using vi or Vim Editors 311 Starting and Quitting
the vi Editor 311 Moving Around in vi 313 Changing and Deleting Text in vi
314 Using Miscellaneous Commands 314 Modifying Commands with Numbers 315
Using ex Commands 315 Working in Visual Mode 316 Appendix B: Shell Special
Characters and Variables 317 Using Special Shell Characters 317 Using Shell
Variables 318 Appendix C: Getting Information from /proc 321 Viewing /proc
Information 321 Changing /proc Information 325 Index 327