John Webster

Understanding the Dairy Cow (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

A comprehensive and thoroughly revised text on dairy science that contains information on the most recent developments The fully updated third edition of Understanding the Dairy Cow explores the scientific principles that provide a foundation for understanding the animal's body system. The comprehensive text also reveals how to properly manage dairy cattle with economic efficiency whilst taking into consideration the cow's welfare. The revised new edition contains expanded coverage on topics including insight into cow behaviour and welfare, genetic selection indices, new strategies for control of mastitis and lameness and information on the overworked cow. It also contains the most recent developments in breeding, nutrition and management. * Is an authoritative text on the dairy cow that covers a wide-ranging subject area including the science, disease and husbandry * Presents the information and knowledge necessary for the efficient and humane management of cows * Includes expanded coverage on a variety of topics such as cow behaviour and welfare, and genetic selection indices * Highlights major new developments in the field Covering both the basics and recent developments in dairy science, Understanding the Dairy Cow 3rd Edition is ideal for students in agriculture and veterinary science and for professionals working in the complex business of dairy farming.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 280
• Erscheinungstermin: 25. Februar 2020
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119550235
• Artikelnr.: 58820552

Autorenporträt

About the Author JOHN WEBSTER, MA, Vet MB, PhD, DVM (Hon), MRCVS, is Emeritus Professor of Animal Husbandry in the School of Veterinary Science at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Inhaltsangabe

Acknowledgements xiii

Preface to the Third Edition xiv

About the Companion Website xvi

Part I How the Cow Works 1

1 Introduction - The Dairy Cow of Today 3

Milk as Food 6

Nutrient Supply 7

Healthy Digestion 8

Taste and Appetite 9

Do no Harm 9

Biological Efficiency of Milk Production 10

Milk Production: Species and Breed Comparisons 11

Efficiency of Feed Conversion to Milk, Eggs and Meat: Competitive and Complementary Feeds 12

Behaviour and Welfare 14

2 Digestion and Metabolism 18

Structure of the Digestive Tract 18

Eating and Rumination 22

Grazing 22

Salivation 23

Rumen Movements 23

Rumination 25

Digestion 26

Fermentation of Carbohydrates in the Rumen 28

Utilization of Metabolizable Energy for Maintenance and Production 31

Digestion of Crude Protein 32

Microbial Protein Synthesis 35

Truly Absorbed Amino Nitrogen 37

Urea Recycling 38

Digestion of Lipids 38

Absorption and Secretion of Minerals 39

Calcium Exchange 41

Appetite and Food Intake 42

3 Reproduction and Lactation 45

Anatomy of the Female Reproductive Tract 45

Follicle Development and Ovulation 45

The Oestrus Cycle 49

Puberty 49

Fertilisation 50

Pregnancy 51

Placental Transfer and Foetal Nutrition 53

Parturition 53

Dystocia 55

Lactation 56

Anatomy of the Udder 56

Milk Yield 58

Extended Lactations 59

Hormonal Control of Lactation 60

Reproduction in the Male 61

4 Environment, Behaviour and Welfare 64

Environmental Needs 64

Behaviour 65

Physical Comfort 66

Thermal Comfort 68

Sensible Heat Loss 68

Evaporative Heat Loss 69

Metabolic Heat Production 71

Climate, Production and Welfare 73

Tropical Climates 73

Cold Climates 74

Security and Social Behaviour 74

Sexual and Maternal Behaviour 75

Behaviour as an Indicator of Welfare 76

Part II Feeding the Dairy Cow 77

5 Nutrition: Supply and Demand 79

Nutrient Requirements and Responses 81

Nutrient Allowances for the Lactating Cow 84

Mineral Requirements 88

Nutritive Value of Feeds 90

Ration Formulation 93

Prediction of Food Intake 93

Assessment of an Existing Ration 94

Feeding Plans for Dairy Cows 95

Inputs 95

Outputs 96

Allowances for Growing Heifers 97

6 Feeds and Feeding Strategies 99

Pasture 100

Grazing Strategies 102

Legumes 104

Grass Silage 104

Dry Matter 105

Metabolisable Energy 106

Protein 106

Silage Additives 107

Hay 107

Straw 108

Ensiled Whole-crop Cereals 108

Other Green Feeds 109

Root Crops 109

Cereals 109

By-products 111

Oilseed Cakes and Meals 111

Miscellaneous By-products 113

Sugar Beet Pulp 113

Maize Gluten 113

Brewers' and Distillers' Grains 114

Wheat Bran 114

Balancing Forages and Concentrates 114

Feeding Strategies 117

Feeding to Yield 117

Total Mixed Rations and Flat Rate Feeding 119

7 Feeding Problems and Metabolic Diseases 1