Matthew S. Shugart

Votes from Seats (eBook, ePUB)

Logical Models of Electoral Systems

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Take the number of seats in a representative assembly and the number of seats in districts through which this assembly is elected. From just these two numbers, the authors of Votes from Seats show that it is possible to deduce the number of parties in the assembly and in the electorate, as well as the size of the largest party. Inside parties, the vote distributions of individual candidates likewise follow predictable patterns. Four laws of party seats and votes are constructed by logic and tested, using scientific approaches rare in social sciences. Both complex and simple electoral systems are covered, and the book offers a set of 'best practices' for electoral system design. The ability to predict so much from so little, and to apply to countries worldwide, is an advance in the systematic analysis of a core institutional feature found in any democracy, and points the way towards making social sciences more predictive.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: Cambridge University Press
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. Oktober 2017
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781108265737
• Artikelnr.: 49364365

Autorenporträt

Matthew S. Shugart is a Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Davis, and an Affiliated Professor of the University of Haifa, Israel. He is a world-renowned scholar of democratic institutions. He is a two-time winner of the George H. Hallet Award. He won it first for his earlier collaboration with Rein Taagepera (Seats and Votes, 1989) and again for Presidents and Assemblies (1992, with John M. Carey). He has participated as an advisor on electoral-system reform and constitutional design in several countries. Since 2005, Shugart has maintained a blog, Fruits & Votes, which serves as a forum for discussion of how electoral systems shape politics in countries around the world.

Inhaltsangabe

1. Introduction: how electoral systems matter - for politics and for the
scientific study thereof; Part I. Rules, Tools, and Context: 2. Components
of simple electoral systems; 3. Components of complex and composite
electoral systems; 4. The number of parties and proportionality - two key
tools for analysis; 5. Examples of electoral systems: nationwide PR in
Israel and FPTP in Trinidad and Tobago and India; 6. Two districted PR and
list type: Finland, Portugal, and other cases; Part II. The Interparty
Dimension of Assembly Politics: The Seat Product Model: 7. The seat product
model of the effective number of assembly parties; 8. Winners plus one: how
we get votes from seats; 9. Basic laws of party seats and votes - and
application to deviation from proportionality; 10. All politics is
national? How 'embeddedness' in a national assembly system shapes votes and
seats in a district; Part III. Bringing the President In: 11. Coattails
upside down: how assembly elections shape presidential elections; 12. How
election timing matters in presidential democracy - and how it does not;
Part IV. The Intraparty Dimension of Representation: 13. How electoral
systems shape candidate vote shares; 14. Pooling or its absence: nomination
and alliance behavior; Part V. What Can We Expect From Models of Electoral
Systems?: 15. Extending the seat product model: upper tiers and ethnic
diversity; 16. Complexities in electoral systems: do simple models work
anyway? 17. Conclusion: substance and method.