Western Philosophy (eBook, ePUB)

An Anthology
Redaktion: Cottingham, John G.

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

The new edition of this celebrated anthology surveys the Western philosophical tradition from its origins in ancient Greece to the work of today's leading philosophers Western Philosophy: An Anthologyprovidesan authoritative guided tour through the great tradition of Western philosophical thought. The seminal writings of the great philosophers along with more recent readings of contemporary interest are explored in 144 substantial and carefully chosen extracts, each preceded by a lucid introduction, guiding readers through the history of a diverse range of key arguments, and explaining how important theories fit into the unfolding story of Western philosophical inquiry. Broad in scope, the anthology covers all the main branches of philosophy: theory of knowledge and metaphysics, logic and language, philosophy of mind, the self and freedom, religionand science, moral philosophy, political theory, aesthetics, and the meaning of life, all in self-contained parts which can be worked on by students and instructors independently. The third edition of theAnthologycontains newly incorporated classic texts from thinkers such as Aquinas, Machiavelli, Descartes, William James, and Wittgenstein.Each of the 144 individual extracts is now followed bysamplequestions focusing on the key philosophical problems raised by the excerpt,andaccompanied bydetailed further reading suggestions that include up-to-date links to online resources.Also new to this edition is anintroductory essay written by John Cottingham, which offers advice to students onhow to readand write abouta philosophical text. Part of theBlackwell PhilosophyAnthologiesseries,Western Philosophy: An Anthology, Third Editionremains an indispensable collection of classic source materialsand expert insightsfor bothbeginning and advanceduniversitystudents in a wide range of philosophy courses.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 944
• Erscheinungstermin: 2. Juli 2021
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119165743
• Artikelnr.: 62217272

Autorenporträt

JOHN COTTINGHAM is Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Reading, and an Honorary Fellow of St John's College, Oxford University. He is the author of numerous books including Descartes, The Rationalists, On the Meaning of Life, and In Search of the Soul. He is co-translator of The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, and has published numerous articles on the history of philosophy, moral philosophy, and the philosophy of religion. Professor Cottingham is former Chairman of the British Society for the History of Philosophy and President of the British Society for the Philosophy of Religion, and was for many years editor of Ratio, the international journal of analytic philosophy.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xv

Acknowledgements xxi

Guidance for Readers and Format of the Volume xxviii

Introductory Essay: How to Read a Philosophical Text and How to Write about It xxxi

Part I Knowledge and Certainty 1

1 Innate Knowledge

Plato, Meno 3

2 Knowledge versus Opinion

Plato, Republic 12

3 Demonstrative Knowledge and Its Starting points

Aristotle, Posterior Analytics 19

4 New Foundations for Knowledge

René Descartes, Meditations 22

5 The Senses as the Basis of Knowledge

John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding 28

6 Innate Knowledge Defended

Gottfried Leibniz, New Essays on Human Understanding 34

7 Scepticism versus Human Nature

David Hume, Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding 39

8 Experience and Understanding

Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason 44

9 From Sense-certainty to Self-consciousness

Georg Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit 48

10 Beliefs Judged by Their Practical Effects

William James, What Pragmatism Means 54

11 Against Scepticism

G. E. Moore, A Defence of Common Sense 61

12 Does Empirical Knowledge Have a Foundation?

Wilfrid Sellars, The Myth of the Given 68

Part II Being and Reality 74

1 The Allegory of the Cave

Plato, Republic 76

2 Individual Substance

Aristotle, Categories 83

3 Supreme Being and Created Things

René Descartes, Principles of Philosophy 87

4 Qualities and Ideas

John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding 94

5 Substance, Life and Activity

Gottfried Leibniz, New System 99

6 Nothing Outside the Mind

George Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge 105

7 The Limits of Metaphysical Speculation

David Hume, Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding 111

8 Metaphysics, Old and New

Immanuel Kant, Prolegomena 117

9 Reality as Flux

Alfred Whitehead, Process and Reality, and Science and the Modern World 125

10 Being and Involvement

Martin Heidegger, Being and Time 131

11 The End of Metaphysics?

Rudolf Carnap, The Elimination of Metaphysics 138

12 The Problem of Ontology

W. V. O. Quine, On What There is 144

Part III Language and Meaning 150

1 The Meanings of Words

Plato, Cratylus 152

2 Language and Its Acquisition

Augustine, Confessions 160

3 Thought, Language and Its Components

William of Ockham, Writings on Logic 162

4 Language, Reason and Animal Utterance

René Descartes, Discourse on the Method 166

5 Abstract General Ideas

John Locke, Essay Concerning Human Understanding 169

6 Particular Ideas and General Meaning

George Berkeley, Principles of Human Knowledge 173

7 Denotation versus Connotation

John Stuart Mill, A System of Logic 178

8 Names and Their Meaning

Gottlob Frege, Sense and Reference 183

9 Definite and Indefinite Descriptions

Bertrand Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy 188

10 Meaning and Use

Ludwig Wittgenstein, The Blue and Brown Books 194

11 Non-descriptive Uses of Language

J. L. Austin, Performative Utterances 202

12 How the Reference of Terms is Fixed

Saul Kripke, Naming and Necessity 207

Part IV Mind and Body 214

1 The Immortal Soul

Plato, Phaedo 21